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Query: UNIPROT:P04626 (erbB-2)
 5,251 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Various cytokines are involved in growth regulation of human melanoma cells. Malignant melanoma cells express multiple growth factors, including basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-alpha, and melanoma growth stimulatory activity (MGSA), substances which are not expressed in normal human melanocytes. The simultaneous synthesis of growth factors and expression of their receptors by melanoma cells, leading to permanent stimulation of cell proliferation, has been clearly shown for bFGF and MGSA. This phenomenon has been designated autocrine growth stimulation. Increased or altered expression of growth factor receptors has been described for nerve growth factor (NGF) receptor, for PDGF-beta receptor and for a truncated form of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor encoded by the c-erb-B2 oncogene. Lymphokines are mainly involved in growth control of melanoma cells. Interferons (IFN)-alpha, -beta and -gamma, Interleukins (IL)-1 and -6 as well as tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha inhibited melanoma cell proliferation, with the strongest effects displayed by IFN. TGF-beta which was found to inhibit proliferation of normal human melanocytes exhibited marginal effects on melanoma cells, or even stimulated their growth. In conclusion, a complex network of cytokines is involved in the regulation of melanoma cell growth. Further insight into these mechanisms may contribute to the finding of new strategies in melanoma therapy.
Melanoma Res 1993 Dec
PMID:Cytokines in human melanoma cells: synthesis, autocrine stimulation and regulatory functions--an overview. 816 82

The aim of this study was to establish whether the expression of proto-oncogene c-ski in melanoma might be related to alterations of chromosome 1q involving the native location of the gene. Six melanoma cell lines, including two carrying marker chromosomes derived from breakage at 1q12-q21, were studied. Expression of c-ski was observed in all cell lines, with very high levels in five of them. However no alteration in c-ski structure or dosage was found in any of the melanoma cell lines, including those with non-random breakpoints near the gene. c-ski Transcripts were detected in cell cultures from normal melanocytes, but at a much lower level than that observed in melanoma cell lines. Transcripts of c-myb and the beta-NGF gene were not detectable in any of the melanoma cell lines, whereas sis- and epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor gene-specific transcripts were present in two and four melanoma cell lines, respectively. The constant expression of c-ski in the melanoma-derived cell lines at a level of expression much higher than that of normal melanocytes suggests that this proto-oncogene may play a role in melanocyte transformation.
Melanoma Res 1993 Feb
PMID:Expression of the c-ski proto-oncogene in human melanoma cell lines. 847 34