Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P04626 (erbB-2)
 5,251 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a patient with non-palpable breast carcinoma, c-erbB-2 gene amplification was detected by means of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the small number of breast carcinoma cells present in nipple discharge. Amplification of the c-erbB-2 gene is more frequent in carcinoma in situ than in invasive types. Detection by a PCR-based method may help diagnose non-palpable breast carcinoma with nipple discharge. Since this gene amplification is related to high proliferation, it might provide useful preoperative information regarding intraductal carcinoma of comedo type and predict responses to chemotherapy.
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PMID:Detection of c-erbB-2 gene amplification in nipple discharge by means of polymerase chain reaction. 774 37

Fifty fine-needle aspiration cytologies of breast that were diagnosed as carcinomas were retrieved from the files and retrospectively evaluated for the expression of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein using standard immunocytochemical methods. Corresponding histologic sections of all tumors were similarly studied. Seventeen fine-needle aspirates (34%) reacted positively for the presence of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein. All but one (32%) of the corresponding tissue sections were also positive for c-erbB-2 by immunohistochemistry. All positive cases were infiltrative ductal carcinomas with a preponderance of the comedo type. Positive reactions were localized in the cytoplasmic membrane of tumor cells. The staining was either present in all cells throughout a tumor, or it was completely absent. We conclude that immunocytochemistry for c-erbB-2 oncoprotein can be performed on fine-needle aspiration cytology samples that are previously fixed and stained with the Papanicolaou technique. Furthermore, the sensitivity of immunostaining results are comparable to that obtained in histologic sections.
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PMID:Retrospective c-erbB-2 immunostaining in aspiration cytology of breast cancer. 786 69

The levels of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein (ErbB-2 protein) in nipple discharge were evaluated together with those of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in 9 patients with breast cancer, 2 patients with borderline lesions, 8 patients with intraductal papilloma, and 19 patients with fibrocystic change. When the tentative cutoff value was set at 40 ng/ml in the nipple discharge, elevated ErbB-2 protein levels were found in all 3 patients with palpable breast cancer and 3 of the 6 patients with nonpalpable cancer. Two of the 8 patients with intraductal papilloma had high ErbB-2 protein levels. A combination test with CEA resulted in positive detection in all cancer patients. Two patients with borderline lesions, 2 with intraductal papilloma and 2 with fibrocystic change were positive in a combination test. In addition, elevated ErbB-2 protein levels in nipple discharge correlated well with the overexpression of ErbB-2 protein in the tumor. All the patients with ErbB-2 protein levels over 100 ng/ml in their nipple discharge had comedo or solid intraductal carcinomas. Thus, measurement of ErbB-2 protein levels in nipple discharge can assist in the diagnosis of intraductal carcinoma and also in detecting tumors with a high proliferation rate and an overexpression of ErbB-2 protein: usually comedo or solid carcinomas.
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PMID:ErbB-2 protein levels in nipple discharge: role in diagnosis of early breast cancer. 790 88

The c-erbB-2 oncogene has been extensively studied in mammary carcinomas since Slamon and colleagues demonstrated the association between amplification and poor prognosis in 1987. Further work found that amplification was accompanied by overexpression of the protein; however, this relationship is not perfect. Recently, Hollywood and Hurst have shown increased transcription in some cell lines containing a single copy of the gene, causing mRNA accumulation in overexpressing cells. Protein expression appears to be a good indicator of various abnormalities in the c-erbB-2 gene. Fortunately, c-erbB-2 protein, unlike epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, survives most fixation procedures used in routine histopathology laboratories. This has enabled immunohistochemical studies to be carried out on archival material. A higher incidence of c-erbB-2 positivity occurs in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) than in infiltrating carcinomas. In DCIS there is a very close association between protein expression and high grade (comedo type). This explains the very high incidence of c-erbB-2 positivity in Paget's disease of the nipple which is nearly always associated with high grade DCIS. A lower proportion of high grade infiltrating carcinomas express the protein, highlighting the difference in incidence of positivity in the two types of ductal lesion. As well as having a potential role in the biological classification of mammary carcinomas, c-erbB-2 expression has been used to predict response to treatment. There have been reports that tumors expressing c-erbB-2 fail to respond to either chemotherapy or endocrine therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:c-erbB-2 amplification in mammary carcinoma. 791 60

To clarify whether p53 protein expression is involved in multistep carcinogenesis or the progression of mammary ductal carcinoma, we investigated p53 protein expression in 83 invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC), 10 IDC with a predominant intraductal component, 13 non-invasive ductal carcinoma (NIDC), 16 atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) and 39 benign epithelial hyperplasia (EH), using immunohistochemistry. Expression of p53 protein was detected in 24 (28.9%) cases of IDC, 5 (50%) cases of IDC with a predominant intraductal component and 1 (7.6%) case of NIDC. No expression was observed in either ADH or EH. In IDC, including cases with a predominant intraductal component, p53 protein expression was associated with a higher histological grade (P < 0.0001) or mitotic index (P < 0.0005). Although overexpression of c-erbB-2 protein has also shown a similar association with these prognostic indicators, expression of p53 protein correlated regardless of the status of c-erbB-2 overexpression. Completely coordinated expression of p53 protein was seen in both intraductal and invasive components. The intraductal component in IDC including cases with a predominant intraductal component which expresses p53 protein had significantly higher histological grade (P < 0.0005) or more comedo-subtypes (P < 0.0001). These results suggested that p53 protein expression occurs at a stage of NIDC with high histological grade or in comedo-subtypes. Its expression is maintained throughout invasion.
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PMID:Expression of p53 protein in benign epithelial hyperplasia, atypical ductal hyperplasia, non-invasive and invasive mammary carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study. 791 68

The clinicopathological and immunocytochemical features of nine cases of salivary duct carcinoma are described. This relatively rare tumour, which only recently has been widely recognized as a separate entity, is highly malignant and caused the death in eight of the patients. The tumour cells are arranged in cribriform and solid growth patterns, where the solid tumour nests frequently have comedo necrosis, and a fibrous, often sclerotic, stroma is present. The infiltrating desmoplasmic component and the diffuse invasive growth into adjacent adipose parotid tissue have similarities to ductal breast carcinoma. Immunocytochemical investigation of salivary duct carcinoma showed constant overexpression of c-erbB-2 as detected by membrane accentuation, and high proliferative activity as detected by nuclear positivity for MIB 1 (Ki-67). Changes in the expression of p53 and retinoblastoma gene product do not constitute a constant event in salivary duct carcinoma. A few of the tumours showed scattered cells with distinct nuclear positivity for both progesterone and oestrogen receptors. We emphasize that this highly malignant salivary gland tumour has a characteristic morphology, may not be as rare as previously considered, and that prompt and aggressive therapy is needed.
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PMID:Salivary duct carcinoma--a highly aggressive salivary gland tumour with overexpression of c-erbB-2. 793 25

The expression of oestrogen receptor protein (ER) was examined in 151 cases of symptomatic or screening detected pure ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast by immunocytochemical assay (ERICA), in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue, with the monoclonal antibody H 222 (Abbott). Forty-eight tumours (31.8%) of cases were ER positive. Twenty-seven (17.9%) of cases showed high level ER expression and 21 (13.9%) of cases showed low level ER immunoreactivity. Significant associations of positive tumour ER immunoreactivity and non-comedo architecture chi 2 = 6.76; (d.f. = 1): P < 0.001, small cell size chi 2 = 4.49; (d.f. = 1): P = 0.034, higher S-phase fraction chi 2 = 4.71; (d.f. = 1): P = 0.03 and lack of c-erbB-2 protein overexpression chi 2 = 7.96; (d.f. = 1): P < 0.01 were identified. No significant associations of ER expression and patient age, histological grade of necrosis in DCIS, or DNA ploidy were found. ER expression is detectable in less than one third of symptomatic and screening detected cases of DCIS, implying that endocrine therapy of DCIS may be a more appropriate form of management for morphological subtypes of DCIS which show higher rates of oestrogen receptor expression, particularly those of non-comedo and small cell type.
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PMID:Oestrogen receptor expression in ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast: relationship to flow cytometric analysis of DNA and expression of the c-erbB-2 oncoprotein. 810 Apr 43

In 50 in situ breast cancers an immunohistochemical study, evaluating estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors, Proliferation Index (PI), c-erbB-2/Neu and p53 expression was performed. According to histopathological diagnosis, cases were classified as follows: 14 comedo, 8 solid, 5 micropapillary, 6 lobular, 3 papillary, 1 apocrine and 12 mixed in situ carcinomas. The quantitation of immunohistochemical results was obtained with an image analysis computerized system (CAS 200) with a lesion-field method; tumors were subdivided in fields (1177) histologically homogeneous, with 40 x microscopic objective. For ER, PR, Neu and p53, 10% of the positive area was used as cut-off value; 13% was used for PI. Cribriform and lobular types showed a higher positivity for ER (92.1% and 95.5% of the fields); cribriform and papillary a higher for PR (92.6% and 93.9%). Comedo variant demonstrated the higher PI (52.7%), Neu and p53 expression (67.7% and 43%). A cluster analysis performed on 608 fields, defined two groups according to biological homogeneous criteria. The results obtained identify the different biophenotypes of in situ carcinomas, suggesting the possibility of multiple cancerogenetic ways with a different weight of biological events.
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PMID:Biophenotypes of breast carcinoma in situ defined by image analysis of biological parameters. 869 11

In the last 6 years a number of non-randomized, predominantly single institutional trials of breast conservation therapy (BCT) with DCIS, have demonstrated that it constitutes a very heterogeneous group of diseases with markedly different risks of local recurrence and invasive transformation. There has been a consensus that DCIS, which exhibits a "comedo" morphology, generally defines a high risk group. Most studies, moreover, have identified the same two features, nuclear grade and necrosis, as contributing most significantly to prognosis. Nuclear grade and necrosis have been identified as independent prognostic variables in several studies. High nuclear grade DCIS which exhibits comedo necrosis defines the majority of all DCIS which will result in local recurrence and invasive transformation after BCT. Studies utilizing image cytometry, to determine ploidy and S-phase fraction and immunohistochemical studies of proliferation and oncogene distribution have shown a significant association with morphologically identified high nuclear grade and aneuploidy, high S-phase fraction or proliferation rate, presence of HER-2/neu and P53 oncogenes and absence of estrogen receptors. Generally the inverse of this association is seen with low nuclear grade DCIS. However, initial hopes that these adjunctive studies would identify subsets within the high nuclear grade group which might be more likely to recur have not been fulfilled.
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PMID:Classification of duct carcinoma in situ (DCIS) with a characterization of high grade lesions: defining cohorts for chemoprevention trials. 902 6

55 breast carcinomas and 9 its benign conditions were studied immunohistochemically. Oncoprotein c-erbB-2 was found in 22% carcinomas and in 33-37% comedo-carcinomas. Coincidence of predominant expression of oncoprotein c-erbB-2 and tenascin was observed. Maximal damage of the basal membrane in the intraductal carcinoma detected by the disturbance of type IV collagen staining was observed in cases of the highest expression of oncoprotein c-erbB-2 and tenascin.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical study of oncogene c-erbb-2 expression and extracellular matrix proteins in breast cancer (various mechanisms of invasion)]. 933 50


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