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Query: UNIPROT:P04626 (erbB-2)
 5,251 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

erbB-2 protein is believed to be a cell membrane receptor for the recently identified ligand gp30. When overexpressed, erbB-2 is an indicator of poor prognosis in adenocarcinomas of breast, stomach, lung, and endometrium. Even more important, clinical data suggest that erbB-2 overexpression may be an indicator of poor response to at least some commonly used adjuvant regimens. However, there is preliminary evidence that these tumors might respond as well to doxorubicin regimen as do erbB-2 negative tumors, at least in gastric cancer. The efficacy of doxorubicin-containing regimen in the treatment of tumors with erbB-2 overexpression needs to be explored further by retrospective analysis of finished clinical trials. Combination of chemotherapeutics with reagents that block erbB-2 signal transduction pathway may be another effective approach.
Cancer Invest 1992
PMID:Clinical significance of erbB-2 (HER-2/neu) protein. 135 10

A high percentage of human breast and ovarian tumors display amplified c-erbB-2 gene copies, leading to overexpression of the growth factor receptor. Its membrane location and elevated expression make the erbB-2 protein an appropriate target for a directed tumor therapy. We have used recombinant DNA technology to produce a single-chain antibody-exotoxin A (scFv-ETA) fusion protein which specifically binds the human erbB-2 receptor. The scFv portion is composed of the heavy- and light-chain variable domains of a monoclonal antibody which recognizes the extracellular domain of the human erbB-2 receptor. The bacterially produced scFv-ETA protein was shown to bind specifically to cells expressing the human erbB-2 protein. The scFv-ETA inhibits protein synthesis in erbB-2-expressing tumor cells at doses ranging from 2 to 200 ng/ml and is cytotoxic for these cells at equivalent doses. In athymic nude mice, administration of the scFv-ETA inhibited the growth of erbB-2-overexpressing human ovarian carcinoma cells.
Cancer Res 1992 Nov 15
PMID:Selective inhibition of tumor cell growth by a recombinant single-chain antibody-toxin specific for the erbB-2 receptor. 135 32

Post-recurrence survival was examined in 62 breast cancer patients who had undergone curative radical mastectomies between 1974 and 1976 and suffered recurrences within 127 months of surgery. The prognostic value of 11 clinical, histological and genetic factors, including histologic grade of malignancy and amplification of oncogenes was analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses. Not only the site of first recurrence, clinical stage and size of primary tumor at initial surgery, and disease-free period, but also histologic grade and amplification of the c-erbB-2 proto-oncogene were significant prognostic indicators of recurrent breast cancer. Multivariate analysis using Cox's regression model, histologic grade and amplification of c-erbB-2 in the primary tumor, as well as clinical stage at surgery and site of first recurrence, were shown to be major independent prognostic factors of recurrent breast cancer. Because post-recurrence prognosis was strongly influenced by the clinical, histological and genetic status of the primary breast cancer, appropriate evaluation of the primary tumor for the grade of aggressiveness of the cancer cells, as well as the extent of cancer spread, seem to be important.
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PMID:Prognostic factors for recurrent breast cancer: univariate and multivariate analyses including histologic grade and amplification of the c-erbB-2 proto-oncogene. 135 74

In summary, evidence is beginning to accumulate in support of a major role for tyrosine kinase receptors (and their activating growth factors) and steroid hormones and their receptors in normal development and differentiation of the mammary gland. A point of intersection of their mechanisms of action in growth control appears to be the induction of nuclear protooncogenes such as c-myc. When c-myc is amplified, as it is in many breast cancers, EGF and FGF receptor tyrosine kinase action becomes transforming, not simply mitogenic. A source of the transforming factors could be either stromal or epithelial. This mechanism could function early in the progression of breast cancer. c-erbB-2 and EGF receptor overexpression and amplification, when they occur, appear to render tumors even more malignant and of especially poor prognosis. These mechanisms could function late in the progression of breast cancer. Transgenic mouse studies have begun to echo these themes. They have established that a growth factor (TGF-alpha) and its receptor (EGF receptor), which appear to be important in normal mouse and human proliferation and gland development, and a protooncogene (c-myc), commonly amplified and overexpressed in human and mouse breast cancer, can each contribute to mammary carcinogenesis. The mechanisms of the two are likely to be distinct. myc is likely to be acting as a tumor initiator in combination with normal proliferative factors, whereas TGF-alpha is likely to be acting as a hyperproliferative (promotional) factor in combination with a normal background of mutational events. The role of unmutated but amplified erbB-2 in the transgenic mouse is not yet known.
Cancer Treat Res 1992
PMID:Tyrosine kinase receptor--nuclear protooncogene interactions in breast cancer. 136 Feb 36

It is apparent that multiple genetic events occur in the development and progression of breast cancer. From the limited data available, no consistent temporal pattern of mutational events is required. This conclusion is consistent with data in colorectal carcinoma, where the number of mutational events, and not the order, appears to be relevant. Several authors have questioned whether the multiple mutational events occur independently or whether significant associations were evident. Cropp et al. postulated that two sets of mutational events occurred simultaneously in a higher degree of breast tumors than expected based on chance: Set 1 consisted of deletions on 11p, 17p, 18q, and int-2 and myc amplifications; set 2 consisted of 17q, 1p, and 3p deletions. Sato et al., analyzing another tumor cohort for simultaneous mutations, noted a correlation of 17p and 16q deletions, 13q and 17p deletions, and 17p deletion with erbB-2 amplification. Clearly, concordant data on this issue will require the use of large breast tumor cohorts for a comprehensive set of probes. The reasons why mutations to specific genes on different chromosomes tend to occur coordinately is unknown, but may involve common flanking and/or intron sequences at high risk for certain types of mutational events. Another interesting question is the degree to which alterations, but not homozygous inactivation, of suppressor genes occur and its phenotypic consequences. In this chapter, evidence was presented for the amplification of a DCC allele in breast cancer and for variable RB protein expression in breast tumors as a consequence of allelic deletion. For many of the metastasis suppressor genes, a simple reduction in their expression, or an alteration in their expression over the normal cellular regulatory controls, may be sufficient to fuel the metastatic process. The data suggest a more complex regulation of the cancer phenotype by suppressor genes than by recessive inactivation alone. Why do many sporadic cancers, including breast cancer, appear to require alterations to multiple suppressor genes, as compared to diseases such as retinoblastoma, where a single suppressor gene appears to control the cancer phenotype? The answer to this question is unknown, but most theories are based on the hypothesis that suppressor genes act to control cellular responses to either other cells or signals in the microenvironment. In retinoblastoma all cells can carry a germ-line mutation. Cells carrying the RB mutation can interact with both the embryonic and differentiated microenvironments; the specific interaction of mutated cells with the embryonic retinal microenvironment may trigger the onset of retinoblastoma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Cancer Treat Res 1992
PMID:Suppressor genes in breast cancer: an overview. 136 Feb 44

DNA aneuploidy and p53 or c-erbB-2 expression were simultaneously measured in 29 breast tumours by two-colour flow cytometry. (i) The majority of tumours had some cells expressing either p53 (5-68%) or c-erbB-2 (1-56%). (ii) Expression of p53 and c-erbB-2 was observed mainly in the aneuploid population of mixed aneuploid and diploid tumours but there was no significant correlation with a specific DNA index. Aneuploid tumours contained higher percentages of c-erbB-2 positive cells (average 25%) than purely diploid tumours (average 15%) but this just failed to reach significance (P = 0.074). No relevant trends were noted for p53 expression. (iii) Significantly increased c-erbB-2 expression was observed in stage 2 tumours (26%) compared to stage 1 tumours (12%) (P = 0.001) with no trend evident for p53 expression. (iv) The metastatic tumour in the axillary node contained similar or slightly higher percentages of positive cells than the matched primary tumour.
Cancer Lett 1992 Oct 21
PMID:Dual colour flow cytometry of p53 and c-erbB-2 expression related to DNA aneuploidy in primary and metastatic breast cancer. 136 Mar 29

We conducted a trial in 42 benign and malignant meningiomas to assess a possible influence of preoperative dexamethasone therapy on mitotic index, labelling indices of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), progesterone receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R), c-erbB-2 oncoprotein, cathepsin D, gamma-gamma enolase as well as the mean number of silver-stained nucleolar organizer region-associated proteins (AgNORs). Tumors with preceding dexamethasone therapy for more than 1 day display significantly less immunohistochemical staining for PCNA. A correlation between the labelling index of PCNA and the degree of malignancy could not be identified. There was no significant effect of preoperative dexamethasone therapy on the other parameters. Our data suggest that dexamethasone may selectively inhibit the expression of PCNA in the G1/S-phase of the cell cycle. Thus, we emphasize the necessity to heed factors, e.g. dexamethasone, which may affect the expression of proliferating markers.
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PMID:Influence of preoperative dexamethasone therapy on proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression in comparison to other parameters in meningiomas. 136 Aug 48

Bispecific murine monoclonal antibody 2B1, possessing dual specificity for the human c-erbB-2 protooncogene product and human Fc gamma receptor III (CD16) was evaluated for the ability to promote specific lysis of c-erbB-2-positive tumor cells in vitro. In short-term 51Cr release assays with human mononuclear cells as effectors and SK-Br-3 human breast cancer cells as targets, neither parental antibody of 2B1 mediated significant specific lysis, but bispecific antibody was as active as a chemical heteroconjugate, with 5 ng/ml of 2B1 causing half-maximal lysis at an effector/target ratio of 20:1 and 2 ng/ml 2B1 causing half-maximal lysis at an E/T ratio of 40:1. The cytotoxic targeting activity of 2B1 F(ab')2 fragment was the same as that of whole bispecific antibody, and the activity of whole 2B1 was not reduced when assays were performed in 100% autologous human serum, indicating that 2B1 binds effector cells through the CD16-binding site derived from parental antibody 3G8 rather than through its Fc portion. Variable inhibition of 2B1-mediated lysis was observed when autologous polymorphonuclear leukocytes from different donors were added to mononuclear effector cells at a 2:1 ratio; this inhibition was overcome at higher antibody concentration. 2B1 bispecific monoclonal antibody was also able to mediate targeted cytolysis using whole human blood as a source of effector cells or using effector or target cells derived from ovarian cancer patients.
Cancer Res 1992 Dec 15
PMID:In vitro cytotoxic targeting by human mononuclear cells and bispecific antibody 2B1, recognizing c-erbB-2 protooncogene product and Fc gamma receptor III. 136 Aug 72

Abnormalities of the type 1 growth factor receptor family have been implicated in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer. There is evidence for a potential autocrine loop involving overexpression of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor and its ligands, as well as overexpression of the erbB-2 receptor. A third member of this receptor family, erbB-3, has recently been recognized and found to be abnormally expressed in some types of human cancer. In this study we show that overexpression of the erbB-3 protein occurs very frequently in carcinoma of the exocrine pancreas and also in chronic pancreatitis. We found no evidence of amplification or rearrangement of the erbB-3 gene by Southern blot analysis of DNA from pancreatic cancer cells lines.
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PMID:The erbB-3 gene in human pancreatic cancer. 136 25

Recent studies of erbB-2 expression have shown that the erbB-2 oncoprotein correlated with poor prognosis of patients with breast cancer. Surgical treatment of the bile duct carcinoma is currently unsatisfactory. To evaluate erbB-2 oncoprotein as a marker of prognosis, we analyzed 68 bile duct carcinomas immunohistologically, using monoclonal antibody against erbB-2 oncoprotein, as well as clinicopathological data and outcome. High incidence of expression of erbB-2 oncoprotein was shown in bile duct carcinoma. Positive rates of erbB-2 oncoprotein correlated with stage of bile duct carcinoma. Survival of patients with erbB-2 expression cancer was shorter than those without erbB-2 expression cancer and erbB-2 expression has a prognostic value in bile duct carcinoma.
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PMID:[Evaluation of immunoreactivity to erbB-2 protein as a marker of prognosis in bile duct carcinoma]. 136 58


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