Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P04179 (MnSOD)
 2,777 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The 27-day-old rat exposed to 100% oxygen (O2) for 8 days will have predictable lung vascular and parenchymal changes at 60 days of age. Using this model, the goals of this study are (1) to measure the lung antioxidant enzyme activities serially following intratracheal PEG antioxidant therapy during the 8-day O2 exposure; and (2) to assess chronic cardiopulmonary changes in the O2-exposed rats treated with PEG-CAT and/or PEG-CuZn SOD given intraperitoneally (IP) and/or intratracheally (IT). The study encompassed 202 male rats exposed to room air or oxygen. CuZn SOD doses were 300 U IT and 2000 U IP. The CAT dose was 500 or 4000 U IT and 10,000 U IP. At 60 days of age, the right ventricular systolic pressure (RVP), RV weight, % acinar wall arterial thickness, and parenchymal air space were significantly increased in O2-exposed rats compared to RA rats. The RVP, RV weight, and parenchymal changes were prevented by daily IT PEG-CAT 4000 U + CuZn SOD 300 U but the increased small artery muscularization was not. Three hours after the initial dose of IT PEG-CAT 4000 U, lung CAT activity was more than doubled and remained constant throughout the 8-day daily treatment course. This dose of CAT depressed the induction response to O2 of CuZn and MnSOD. It is concluded that daily intratracheal administration of PEG-CAT 4000 U + CuZn SOD 300 U can significantly ameliorate some of the chronic parenchymal and vascular lung O2 toxic changes. However, it appears that high-dose exogenous PEG-CAT suppresses the endogenous enzyme induction to hyperoxia of both CuZn and Mn-SOD.
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PMID:Lung antioxidant enzymes and cardiopulmonary responses in young rats exposed to hyperoxia and treated intratracheally with PEG catalase and superoxide dismutase. 846 59

In order to elucidate the exact role of antioxidant enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the aging process of animals, we compared various enzyme activities in different brain regions and in the liver of young (6-8 mo) and old (28-30 mo) Fischer-344 (F-344) rats. While Mn-SOD activities were elevated 3-5-fold in specific brain regions such as hippocampus, striatum and substantia nigra in brains of old male rats compared with the young, in females both forms of SOD (Cu, Zn- and Mn-) enzyme activities remained essentially unchanged with aging. Continued subcutaneous infusion of deprenyl for 3 weeks caused a 2-3-fold increase in activities of both Cu Zn- and Mn-SOD and a 50-60% increase in CAT activities in striatum and substantia nigra but not in hippocampus, cerebellum or the liver. Further, long-term treatment of old male rats with deprenyl caused a significant increase in the remaining life expectancy from 24 months of age by 34%. In conclusion, activities of antioxidant enzymes in these regions examined do not show any uniform age-associated change, suggesting that changes in these enzyme activities do not have any specific role in the life span of rodents in general terms. In contrast, the results of our deprenyl study suggests the possibility that the protection of catecholaminergic neurons by an upregulation of SOD and CAT activities plays a significant role in the life span of animals.
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PMID:Upregulation of antioxidant enzyme activities by deprenyl. Implications for life span extension. 868 37

The alterations of superoxide dismutase iso-enzyme (Cu,Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD) activities, contents, and mRNA expressions with aging were studied in rat soleus muscle (SO) and extensor digitorum longus muscle (EDL). The activity and content of Cu,Zn-SOD in both muscles were significantly higher in old rats (24 months old) than in young rats (4 months old), whereas those of Mn-SOD showed no difference between young and old rats. After normalization to citrate synthase (CS) activity, however Mn-SOD/CS ratio in SO also showed the age-related increase. Moreover, the activities of other major antioxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT), indicated age-related increases only in SO. As for the expressions of mRNAs for SOD iso-enzymes, that of Cu,Zn-SOD in either muscle showed no significant change with aging, unlike its activity and content, although that of Mn-SOD was decreased with aging only in EDL. Thus, aging appeared to raise the level of antioxidant enzyme system in rat skeletal muscle. However, the resistance of Cu,Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD to oxidative stress accompanied by aging was different, the former being obviously greater than the latter. Such changes also differed in muscle fiber type suggesting that fast-twitch fibers are more susceptible to age-related oxidative stress than slow-twitch fibers.
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PMID:Alterations of superoxide dismutase iso-enzyme activity, content, and mRNA expression with aging in rat skeletal muscle. 871 78

Antioxidant enzyme activities in fibroblasts and erythrocytes prepared from normal and psoriatic patients were measured and compared. The most significant differences were noted in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. A dramatic (5.2-fold) increase in Mn-SOD activity along with a lesser (1.8-fold) increase in CuZn-SOD activity was observed in fibroblasts from lesional and nonlesional psoriatic skin. The increase of Mn-SOD activity was correlated with an increase of both protein and mRNA. A slight (1.2-fold) increase in CuZn-SOD activity was also found in psoriatic as compared to normal red blood cells, while Mn-SOD activity was not present in these cells. In contrast, both glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities were only slightly (1.3-fold) increased in psoriatic fibroblasts, with no appreciable change noted in psoriatic erythrocytes. Likewise, glutathione levels were observed to be similar in normal and psoriatic cells. The increases in SOD activities did not appear to correlate with the severity of the disease as expressed by the Psoriatic Area Severity Index score or with plasma inflammatory markers. These results demonstrate that antioxidant enzyme activities, particularly Mn-SOD in fibroblasts and CuZn-SOD in erythrocytes, are significantly elevated in cells from psoriatic patients.
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PMID:Antioxidant enzymes in psoriatic fibroblasts and erythrocytes. 875 78

4-Vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) destroys small preantral (25-100 microns) ovarian follicles after repeated dosing in mice and rats. A previous study determined this follicular destruction is via apoptosis (physiological cell death). The purposes of this study were to examine the effects of VCD on amounts of mRNA for several genes that might be involved in this ovotoxic response and to determine the specificity of this response for small preantral follicles. The genes of interest were bax, a cell death gene; three forms of the antioxidant enzyme, superoxide dismutase (mitochondrial manganese-containing or MnSOD, cytosolic copper/zinc-containing or Cu/ZnSOD, and secreted or secSOD); and microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEH), involved in detoxification of VCD. Female Fischer 344 rats were administered daily doses (10 days) of vehicle control (sesame oil) or VCD (80 mg/kg, ip). Four hours after the last injection, livers and ovaries were removed. Small (25-100 microns) and large (100-250 microns) preantral follicles were separated from the ovaries by gentle dissociation and collected by mouth pipeting. Total RNA was extracted from all tissues, reverse transcribed into first-strand cDNA, and amplified by polymerase chain reaction using oligonucleotide primers specific for each gene. Relative levels of mRNA were visualized by agarose gel electrophoresis and autoradiography and quantified by densitometric analysis. Coamplification of ribosomal protein L19 (constitutively expressed in ovarian tissue) was used for normalization in each sample. Increased levels of mRNA for bax (172 +/- 20% of control, p < 0.05), MnSOD (248 +/- 70% of control, p < 0.05), and mEH (352 +/- 120% of control, p < 0.05) were measured in 25- to 100-microns follicles collected from VCD-treated compared with control rats. Unlike 25- to 100-microns follicles (the targets of ovotoxicity), in 100- to 250-microns follicles (nontargets) there were no changes (p > 0.05) in mRNA levels for bax or MnSOD in VCD-treated rats; however, mRNA levels for mEH were significantly decreased (79 +/- 4% of control, p < 0.05), compared with control. No changes in levels of mRNA for mEH were observed in liver from VCD-treated rats relative to control. Additionally, in liver VCD caused a significant decrease in mRNA levels for bax (31 +/- 5% of control, p < 0.05) and Cu-ZnSOD (56 +/- 17% of control, p < 0.05). In summary, dosing of rats with VCD enhanced expression of mRNA encoding several genes that might respond during the induction of ovotoxicity. The selective increase in bax in the population of follicles destroyed by repeated dosing with VCD may reflect their susceptibility to apoptosis.
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PMID:Enhanced expression of bax in small preantral follicles during 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide-induced ovotoxicity in the rat. 880 58

This study examined the effects of glycocorticoids, insulin, thyroxine, and epinephrine upon the activities of CuZn- and Mn-superoxide dismutases (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and upon hydrogen peroxide production in rat macrophages obtained from the intraperitoneal cavity. The experiments were performed in vivo under conditions causing hormonal dysfunctions: adrenal demedullation, dexamethasone treatment, thyroidectomy, administration of L-tri-iodothyronine (T3) and L-thyroxine (T4), and diabetes. Macrophages were also cultured for 24 hr in the presence of dexamethasone, thyroid hormones, and insulin as to evaluate possible interferences caused in vivo by changes in other hormones. The results indicated that these hormones do control the activities of the antioxidant enzymes and hydrogen peroxide production both in vivo and in vitro. Insulin increased the activities of CuZn-SOD, catalase, and GPX and reduced that of Mn-SOD. Thyroid hormones raised the activities of CuZn- and Mn-SOD and decreased that of GPX, whereas glucocorticoids reduced both Mn-SOD and GPX. The removal of the adrenal medulla caused a decrease of Mn-SOD and GPX activities in the macrophages. Hydrogen peroxide production was increased by insulin and reduced by thyroid hormones and glucocorticoids. The changes in antioxidant enzyme activities caused by these hormones in macrophages may indicate important mechanisms for the establishment of impaired immune function in endocrine pathologies.
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PMID:Hormonal regulation of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities in rat macrophages. 884 37

We investigated the effects of aging and/or swimming training on the antioxidant enzyme system in diaphragm of mice. Young (2 months old) and old (26 months old) male mice were swimming-trained for 6 weeks (1 h/day, 5 days/week). Cu,Zn-Superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD) activity was significantly upregulated with aging, and swimming training definitely enhanced the activity only in young mice. Neither aging nor swimming training had overt effect on Mn-SOD activity. Glutathione peroxidase activity in young mice was significantly increased after training, but not in old mice. Both of immunoreactive Cu,Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD were significantly increased with aging but were unaffected by swimming training. Consequently, physical training significantly enhanced the specific activity of Cu,Zn-SOD in young mice, but not in old mice. Meanwhile, swimming training significantly increased xanthine oxidase activity in both age groups, the extent of the increase being greater in old mice than in young mice. We concluded that the antioxidant enzyme system in mouse diaphragm trends to be upregulated with aging, but that swimming training improved the system only in young mouse diaphragm.
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PMID:Effects of aging and/or training on antioxidant enzyme system in diaphragm of mice. 893 Nov 79

The present study was designed to identify the mechanism of increased oxidant stress in the rat model of anti-glomerular basement membrane nephritis. Sixty-three Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with nephrotoxic serum and evaluated 1 to 24 hours later. In these rats, CeCl3 deposition, an index of hydrogen peroxide production, was observed on the surfaces of glomerular endothelial cells and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, whereas no such depositions were observed in controls. Renal cortical level of lipid peroxidation products (phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide) was significantly (p < 0.05) elevated at one hour after the injection and remained elevated at least for 24 hours. Protein levels of glomerular Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) decreased from 1.55 +/- 0.38 microgram/mg protein to 0.67 +/- 0.18 microgram/mg protein at one hour and normalized by 12 hours after the injection. The activity of the enzyme showed a similar trend. In contrast, Mn-SOD mRNA increased 3.4-fold at 3 hours after the injection. In situ hybridization showed increased Mn-SOD mRNA expression in glomeruli. Cu/Zn-SOD mRNA expression was transiently suppressed. These results indicated that both increase in local production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduction in antioxidant enzyme activities are responsible for the enhanced oxidant stress in the heterologous phase of anti-glomerular basement membrane nephritis. The paradoxical increase in Mn-SOD mRNA expression indicates that the posttranscriptional down regulation of Mn-SOD (i.e., reduction in protein and activity) and the increased ROS may activate transcription of the gene.
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PMID:Mechanism of elevated local oxidant stress in early anti-glomerular basement membrane nephritis: an evaluation of oxidant production and superoxide dismutase expression. 894 Aug 25

An increase in antioxidant enzyme activity after acute exercise and exercise training have been reported by many investigators including our laboratory. This study was undertaken in order to determine whether an increase in activity of superoxide dismutase (MnSOD and CuZnSOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) during exercise training was associated with the increased levels of respective mRNAs. Male Fisher-344 rats (age 77 weeks) were given exercise training for 9 weeks on the treadmill. Enzyme activity and mRNA's were measured in the heart tissue 23 hr after stopping exercise training. The heart tissues of exercised and sedentary control rats were used to isolate mRNAs encoding MnSOD, CuZnSOD, CAT and GSH-Px by northern blotting experiments. The intensities of mRNA bands were measured by densitometric scanning of the autoradiograms. Northern blot for tubulin was used to normalize the respective intensities. Compared to sedentary controls, the level of mRNAs of enzymes MnSOD, CAT and GSH-Px were found to increase by 126 +/- 5, 133 +/- 6, and 138 +/- 5 percent of sedentary control (mean +/- SEM) respectively, due to exercise training. Corresponding values for these enzyme activity were 153 +/- 19%, 255 +/- 7%, 133 +/- 2% of sedentary control. These results suggest that post-translational modification of these enzyme activity increased in response to exercise training more than increased transcription in aged rats.
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PMID:Comparative effects of exercise training on transcription of antioxidant enzyme and the activity in old rat heart. 895 Jan 34

The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant enzyme activities in renal tissues of early stage ddY mice, an animal model for primary IgA nephropathy. Eight- and 40-week-old ddY female mice and normal healthy Balb/c female mice were used in this study. The levels of Cu/Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, and GSH-PX activities in the renal cortex were significantly higher in 40-week-old ddY mice than in Balb/c control mice of the same age; no change of catalase activity was observed. There were no significant differences in the levels of Cu/Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, GSH-PX, and catalase activities between the ddY mice and Balb/c mice at 8 weeks of age. Urinary protein was slightly higher in 40-week-old ddY mice. IgA or C3 was deposited at low levels in the glomerular mesangial areas of 8-week-old ddY mice. Marked depositions of IgA and C3 extended from the glomerular mesangial areas to the capillary walls of 40-week-old ddY mice. Expansion of glomerular mesangial matrices and mild mesangial cell proliferation was observed in 40-week-old ddY mice. Antioxidant enzyme activities in the renal cortex were already increased in the early stage IgA nephropathy in 40-week-old ddY mice. These findings suggest that measurements of antioxidant enzyme activities in the renal cortex of 40-week-old ddY mice was useful for evaluation of the pathogenesis of renal involvement in the early stage of IgA nephropathy.
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PMID:Detection of antioxidant enzyme activities in renal tissues of early stage IgA nephropathy in ddY mice. 895 8


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