Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P04179 (MnSOD)
 2,777 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Proline (Pro) and Trehalose (Tre) function as compatible solutes and are upregulated in plants under abiotic stress. They play an osmoprotective role in physiological responses, enabling the plants to better tolerate the adverse effects of abiotic stress. We investigated the effect of exogenous Pro and Tre (10 mM) in seedlings of Thai aromatic rice (cv. KDML105; salt-sensitive) during salt stress and subsequent recovery. Salt stress (S, NaCl) resulted in growth reduction, increase in the Na(+)/K(+) ratio, increase in Pro level and up-regulation of Pro synthesis genes (pyrroline-5-carboxylatesynthetase, P5CS; pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase, P5CR) as well as accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), increased activity of antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD; peroxidase, POX; ascorbate peroxidase, APX; catalase, CAT) and transcript up-regulation of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes (Cu/ZnSOD, MnSOD, CytAPX, CatC). Under salt stress, exogenous Pro (PS; Pro+NaCl) reduced the Na(+)/K(+) ratio, further increased endogenous Pro and transcript levels of P5CS and P5CR, but decreased the activity of the four antioxidant enzymes. The transcription of genes encoding several antioxidant enzymes was upregulated. Exogenous Tre (TS; Tre+NaCl) also reduced the Na(+)/K(+) ratio and strongly decreased endogenous Pro. Transcription of P5CS and P5CR was upregulated, the activities of SOD and POX decreased, the activity of APX increased and the transcription of all antioxidant enzyme genes upregulated. Although exogenous osmoprotectants did not alleviate growth inhibition during salt stress, they exhibited a pronounced beneficial effect during recovery period showing higher percentage of growth recovery in PS (162.38%) and TS (98.43%) compared with S (3.68%). During recovery, plants treated with PS showed a much greater reduction in endogenous Pro than NaCl-treated (S) or Tre-treated plants (TS). Increase in CAT activity was most related to significant reduction in H(2)O(2), particularly in the case of PS-treated plants. Advantageous effects of Pro were also associated with increase in APX activity during recovery.
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PMID:Exogenous proline and trehalose promote recovery of rice seedlings from salt-stress and differentially modulate antioxidant enzymes and expression of related genes. 2231 87

Plant response to imposition of biotic and abiotic stresses by inducing their defense mechanisms, with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) representing a major defense response. The present work examined the simultaneous impact of two key stress factors, drought and spider mite attack (Tetranychus urticae) in Medicago truncatula plants. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), lipid peroxidation (MDA content) and proline content in well-watered and drought-stressed leaves infested by spider mites along with neighboring leaves were examined in order to investigate the local and systemic effect of the two stresses on the antioxidant and osmoprotective response. High levels of lipid peroxidation were recorded in plants under drought stress and plants under combined drought stress and spider mite feeding compared with control plants. Hydrogen peroxide biosynthesis was significantly induced in plants under drought and spider mite attack, with highest levels detected in the feeding leaf (local response). Proline was accumulated in drought stressed-plants, with the highest levels observed in plants exposed to a combination of drought stress and mite feeding. RT-qPCR expression analysis of key genes implicated in ROS metabolism (PAO, DAO, AOX, CuZnSOD, FeSOD, MnSOD) and proline biosynthesis (P5CR, P5CS) pointed to different patterns of regulation between abiotic and biotic stress, as well as their combination. Exposure of plants to both drought stress and attack by spider mites mainly affected the local antioxidant and osmoprotective response of Medicago truncatula, highlighting the relative significance of drought-induced phenomena in combined drought/mite infestation stress responses.
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PMID:Spatial response of Medicago truncatula plants to drought and spider mite attack. 3013 52