Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P04155 (pS2)
 1,234 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Redox regulation of transcription factors has recently been demonstrated for AP-1, NF-kappaB, Sp-1 and glucocorticoid receptor in vitro and in vivo. The redox state in estrogen-dependent cells possibly influences the function of estrogen receptor (ER), and the regulation of the function of ER is essential for understanding of growth and differentiation of these cells, as well as promotion and progression of estrogen-associated cancer. In this paper, we first analyzed the effects of redox state on transcriptional activity of ER in terms of pS2 mRNA expression and transfection of ERE-CAT plasmid in human breast cancer cells. Addition of H2O2 at low concentrations lowered levels of pS2 mRNA and also down-regulated ERE-CAT activity, which was recovered by transfection of thioredoxin (TRX) expression vector. Next, the transfection of antisense TRX plasmid diminished ERE-CAT activity, and the activity was recovered by co-transfected sense TRX. Furthermore, specific DNA binding activity of recombinant ER was inhibited by sulfhydryl-modifying reagents and restored by the addition of recombinant TRX protein in electrophoretic mobility shift assay. These results in vitro and in vivo revealed that the transcription activity of ER is strongly influenced by its redox state, which is reversibly modulated by endogenous redox effector protein, TRX.
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PMID:Functional modulation of estrogen receptor by redox state with reference to thioredoxin as a mediator. 932 54

The trefoil factors (TFFs) are pleiotropic factors involved in organization and homeostasis of the gastrointestinal tract, estrogen responsiveness, inflammatory disorders, and carcinogenesis. In an earlier study using cDNA array technologies to identify new genes expressed in irradiated cell survivors, we isolated a cDNA clone corresponding to the reported human TFF1 gene (E. K. Balcer-Kubiczek et al., Int. J. Radiat. Biol., 75: 529-541, 1999). To determine whether expression of other TFFs is altered by ionizing radiation, we quantified changes in expression of TFF3 as well as TFF1 in RNA samples obtained from irradiated and control human tumor breast, colon, and gastric tumor cells and examined expression kinetics up to 2 weeks after irradiation. X-ray-induced TFF1 and TFF3 expression profiles were compared with those induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or 17beta-estradiol (ES). The results revealed that TFF1 and TFF3 mRNA are coinduced by X-irradiation in a subset of the lines, but substantial heterogeneity in their responses was observed in cells derived from a single cell type. TFF1 and TFF3 transcriptional response to X-irradiation differed from that to H2O2 or ES in the timing of their induction as well as tissue-type dependence, i.e., their induction pattern after X-irradiation was late and sustained, whereas their induction by H2O2 or ES was early and transient. TFF1 mRNA, protein production in the cytoplasm, and secretion in the culture supernatant were coordinately regulated after X-irradiation. There was no requirement for TP53 in this induction. These results demonstrate the existence of a novel class of radiation-responsive genes that might be involved in bystander effects.
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PMID:Coordinate late expression of trefoil peptide genes (pS2/TFF1 and ITF/TFF3) in human breast, colon, and gastric tumor cells exposed to X-rays. 1247 53