Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Query: UNIPROT:P04155 (
pS2
)
1,234
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
Oestrogen has previously been shown to downregulate the expression of ERBB2 oncogene in human breast cancer cells, which contain a normal non-amplified ERBB2 gene. However, amplified ERBB2 seems to escape from hormonal regulation. We studied shedding of the extracellular domain (ectodomain,
ECD
) of the ERBB2 encoded protein in BT-474 human breast cancer cells treated with oestrogen or anti-oestrogen. Oestrogen-responsiveness of these cells has been previously demonstrated by stimulation of cell growth and expression of
pS2
, a marker gene known to be regulated by oestrogen receptor at transcriptional level. The concentration of the soluble
ECD
in the culture medium was increased by the anti-oestrogen toremifene as a function of time. In contrast, the level of ERBB2 mRNA and protein in cell lysates was not stimulated, but was transiently suppressed by toremifene. In the presence of oestrogen, the level of
ECD
remained low. The increased shedding of
ECD
in the presence of toremifene, without parallel change in ERBB2 transcripts (4.8 and 2.3 kb) and in cellular ERBB2 protein level, suggests that toremifene specifically contributes to the shedding of the ERBB2 ectodomain. These results show that shedding of
ECD
is an additional level of regulation of ERBB2 by the anti-oestrogen toremifene. This may contribute to resistance to growth inhibition by anti-oestrogens of breast cancers which overexpress ERBB2.
...
PMID:Anti-oestrogen stimulation of ERBB2 ectodomain shedding from BT-474 human breast cancer cells with ERBB2 gene amplification. 869 21
Circulating proteinic biomarkers are secreted by tumor cells or by their environmental cells and they have a variable specificity. In case of breast cancer, carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) was for a long time the only circulating biomarker used. Nowadays, the most useful biomarkers measure circulating levels of fragments of MUC1-polymorphic epithelial mucin (MUC1-PEM): cancer antigen (CA) 15.3, mucin-like carcinoma-associated antigen (MCA), CA 27-29, CA 549... They are useful for general disease follow-up. Other circulating markers belonging to keratins (tissue polypeptide antigen, TPA, TPS or Cyfra 21.1) are correlated with proliferative activity of breast tumors. More recently, the measure of the c-erb B2 circulating part (extra cellular domain,
ECD
) was proposed as a prognostic biomarker for breast tumors with c-erb B2 overexpression. Moreover, the determination of urinary level of trefoil factor1 (PS2-
TFF1
) might be useful for the follow-up of hormonodependent breast cancers. The present review describes the clinical interest of these different circulating biomarkers in case of breast cancer, emphasizing their biological characteristics.
...
PMID:[Circulating proteinic biomarkers and breast cancer]. 1687 56
