Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P04155 (pS2)
 1,234 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The recent highlighted points in prognostic factors after breast cancer operation include: 1) the emergence of many genetic and biochemical markers, including c-erbB-2, int-2, EGFR, p53, nm23, LOH, E cadherin, s-phase fraction. The prognostic value of these factors is related to their role in cell cycle regulation, invasion/metastasis mechanisms, etc. The agents related to therapeutic effectiveness, namely p-glycoprotein, pS2, and bcl-2 may become important stratification factors when conducting clinical trials. Pathologic factors, like nodal status, however, are the most useful prognostic factors at the moment. Many newly developed prognostic factors should be examined by multivariate analysis and validated prospectively before clinical use.
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PMID:[Recent prognostic factors for breast cancer]. 912 98

VLA2 is thought to be involved in the metastatic process in malignant tumours, in particular in carcinomatous cell adhesion to vessel basement membrane. VLA2 expression was immunohistochemically investigated in 204 breast carcinomas. Frozen tissue sections were probed with monoclonal anti-VLA2 using automated (Ventana ES 320 System) and quantitative (SAMBA 2005 image processor) immunoperoxidase. A positive anti-VLA2 immunoreaction was observed in 48 tumours (23.5%), within epithelial carcinomatous cells. The VLA2-positive surface in tumours varied from 3% to 20% (mean 8.75, S.D. 7.17) and was correlated with histoprognostic indicators and tumour expression of various antigens detected using the same method as that for VLA2. The results show that VLA2 immunoexpression was independent of the tumour size, grade, type and aneuploidy, and of the nodal status. VLA2 significantly correlated with ELAM, VCAM, VLA3 and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) (P < 0.01) and inversely correlated with cathepsin D (P < 0.001), but was independent of Ki67/MIB1, p53, bcl-2, c-erbB-2, E cadherin, CD44v, CD31, oestrogen and progesterone receptors' (ER, PR) antigenic sites and pS2. The exact role, if any, of VLA2 in tumour cell dissemination remains to be elucidated and the clinical relevance of VLA2 immunodetection in breast carcinomas requires further investigation of the correlation between VLA2 immunocytochemical expression and patients' outcome and response to chemotherapy.
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PMID:VLA2 integrin expression in breast carcinomas evaluated by automated and quantitative immunohistochemistry. 964 45

Expression of vascular cell adhesion molecules (VCAM) in tumors is associated with endothelial cell activation and may facilitate adherence of carcinomatous cells to the vessel wall, promoting bloodborne metastases. Expression of VCAM was investigated in 202 breast carcinomas using automated (Ventana System) and quantitative (SAMBA image analyzer) immunoperoxidase staining of frozen sections. Positive VCAM immunoreactivity was observed in 83 tumors (41%) (mean immunostained surface, 12.4%; SD, 10.5). The mean area of immunostaining was correlated with clinical and pathologic prognostic indicators and with the immunohistochemical expression in tissue sections of various indicators of cell proliferation, metastatic potential, and drug resistance or sensitivity, evaluated according to the same method. There was no correlation of VCAM immunoreactivity with tumor size, type, or grade or with nodal status. Also, no significant correlation was observed between VCAM and MIB1/Ki67, p53, Bcl-2, E cadherin, CD44v, cathepsin D, CD31, P-gp, ER, PR, or pS2. However, VCAM immunoreactivity was significantly correlated with ELAM and VLA2 (P = .001) and VLAs (P = .008) expression. The results suggest that VCAM expression in breast carcinoma tissue sections is likely not a prognostic indicator. Its practical clinical relevance, if any, must be established by correlation with patients' outcomes and tumor sensitivity to drugs.
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PMID:VCAM (IGSF) adhesion molecule expression in breast carcinomas detected by automated and quantitative immunocytochemical assays. 974 2