Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P04155 (pS2)
 1,234 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

When estrogen binds its receptor (ER), it becomes a potent mitogen in a number of target tissues including the mammary gland where it plays an important role in the pathogenesis of mammary carcinoma. Arsenic trioxide (AS2O3), a clinically effective agent against acute promyelocytic leukemia, has been shown to induce apoptosis in a variety of cancer cells in vitro. Here, we investigated the effects of AS2O3 on the growth of two ER-positive breast cancer cell lines, MCF7 and T47D in vitro. We found that higher doses of AS2O3 dramatically reduced the survival of these two breast cancer cell lines while lower doses of AS2O3 significantly inhibited the expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ER-alpha), but did not effect ER-beta expression. The ER-alpha expression is totally restored when AS2O3 is absent for 24 hours. Using a reporter gene controlled by ER, we further demonstrated that AS2O3 strongly-repressed 17beta-estradiol (E2) stimulated-transcriptional activation. Moreover, AS2O3 abolished transcriptional induction of the estrogen responsive gene pS2 mediated by E2. These results indicated that AS2O3 specifically inhibits expression and signaling pathway of the ER-alpha. We suggest that AS2O3 in combination with other methods might provide a novel therapeutic approach for ER-alpha-positive breast cancer.
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PMID:Functional repression of estrogen receptor a by arsenic trioxide in human breast cancer cells. 1201 31

Estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) is a ligand-inducible transcription factor that acts to regulate gene expression by binding to palindromic DNA sequence, known as the estrogen response element, in promoters of estrogen-regulated genes. In breast cancer ERalpha plays a central role, where estrogen-regulated gene expression leads to tumor initiation, growth and survival. As an approach to silencing estrogen-regulated genes, we have studied the activities of a fusion protein between ERalpha and the promyelocytic leukemia zinc-finger (PLZF) protein, a transcriptional repressor that acts through chromatin remodeling. To do this, we have developed lines from the estrogen-responsive MCF-7 breast cancer cell line in which the expression of the fusion protein PLZF-ERalpha is conditionally regulated by tetracycline and shows that these feature long-term silencing of the expression of several well-characterized estrogen-regulated genes, namely pS2, cathepsin-D and the progesterone receptor. However, the estrogen-regulated growth of these cells is not inhibited unless PLZF-ERalpha expression is induced, an observation that we have confirmed both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, these results show that PLZF-ERalpha is a potent repressor of estrogen-regulated gene expression and could be useful in distinguishing estrogen-regulated genes required for the growth of breast cancer cells.
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PMID:Inhibiting estrogen responses in breast cancer cells using a fusion protein encoding estrogen receptor-alpha and the transcriptional repressor PLZF. 1564 73

Important insights into nuclear function would arise if gene loci physically interacting with particular subnuclear domains could be readily identified. Immunofluorescence microscopy combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization (immuno-FISH), the method that would typically be used in such a study, is limited by spatial resolution and requires prior assumptions for selecting genes to probe. Our new technique, immuno-TRAP, overcomes these limitations. Using promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies (PML NBs) as a model, we used immuno-TRAP to determine if specific genes localize within molecular dimensions with these bodies. Although we confirmed a TP53 gene-PML NB association, immuno-TRAP allowed us to uncover novel locus-PML NB associations, including the ABCA7 and TFF1 loci and, most surprisingly, the PML locus itself. These associations were cell type specific and reflected the cell's physiological state. Combined with microarrays or deep sequencing, immuno-TRAP provides powerful opportunities for identifying gene locus associations with potentially any nuclear subcompartment.
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PMID:Identifying gene locus associations with promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies using immuno-TRAP. 2358 95