Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P04141 (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor)
 6,790 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Incubation of eosinophils (EOS) with alveolar macrophage (AM) supernatants isolated from asthmatic subjects followed by stimulation with the calcium ionophore A23187 resulted in enhancement of the capacity of EOS to elaborate leukotriene C4 (LTC4) (mean enhancement 169 +/- 37%, n = 31). Pretreatment of EOS with AM supernatants derived from normal individuals did not enhance LTC4 generation as compared with control medium. Enhancement was maximal when EOS were preincubated with a 1:6 dilution of AM supernatants for 5 min at 37 degrees C and were then stimulated with 5 microM A23187 for 15 min. Separation of AM supernatants by size-exclusion HPLC using a TSK G3000 SW column resulted in a peak of enhancing activity with an estimated molecular mass of approximately 30,000 D. Further purification by anion exchange HPLC using a TSK DEAE 5PW column (pH 7.4) resolved the activity into a minor peak at 0.17 M NaCl and a major peak at 0.2 M NaCl. The activities were distinct from interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor. Resolution of the major peak of activity by reverse-phase HPLC using a C18 spherisorb ODS column and a slope gradient of 0 to 100% acetonitrile/0.1% trifluoroacetic acid demonstrated a single peak of activity that eluted at 41% acetonitrile. The enhancing activity was sensitive to trypsin and heat and was neutralized by a specific antibody to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Pretreatment of EOS with recombinant GM-CSF primed the cells for enhanced LTC4 generation following subsequent stimulation with A23187. GM-CSF may play a role in the amplification of the eosinophilic inflammation in asthmatic airways.
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PMID:Identification of an alveolar macrophage-derived activity in bronchial asthma that enhances leukotriene C4 generation by human eosinophils stimulated by ionophore A23187 as a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. 251 May 65

We have found that treatment of B6SUtA1 cells with 0.01% glutaraldehyde transformed them into mechanically resistant spheres, thereby making it possible to use these high interleukin 3 (IL-3) receptor-bearing cells as a solid phase reagent suitable for the large scale purification of murine IL-3 (mIL-3). Using this technique, mIL-3 was purified from serum-free pokeweed mitogen-stimulated spleen cell-conditioned medium (PWM-SCCM) approximately 16,000-fold using absorption to B6SUtA1 cells, Sephadex G75 superfine chromatography, and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography on a C18 column. The overall yield was 16%. The final product consisted of two proteins with molecular weights of 19.5 and 16.5 kd. Both species possessed mIL-3-like activity. N-glycanase treatment of the purified preparation converted all of the 19.5-kd material into the lower molecular weight species, suggesting that the two species represented different glycosylated states of mIL-3 produced by activated T cells. This was confirmed by competition studies that showed that excess pure Escherichia coli-derived recombinant mIL-3, but not granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), could prevent the binding of both species of the PWM-SCCM-derived material to B6SUtA1 cells.
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PMID:A simple three-step purification procedure for interleukin 3 involving absorption to fixed cells. 280 40

P-cell-stimulating factor (PSF) (also termed interleukin 3) produced by the T-cell clone A3-37.4, the T-cell hybridoma 123, the T-lymphoma EL4, spleen cells, and the myelomonocytic cell line WEHI-3B had a similar apparent mol. wt. and in each case eluted from a Waters C18 silica column at a concentration of acetonitrile of 38%. Both the PSF from the T-cell clones and from WEHI-3B stimulated the in vitro growth of cloned T-dependent mast cells and of colonies from normal bone marrow cells. The T-cell sources--but not WEHI-3B--also produced an additional, distinct hemopoietic growth factor that stimulated the growth of colonies of neutrophils and macrophages but did not support the growth of P cells. This factor was termed T-cell granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (T-cell GM-CSF). T-cell GM-CSF eluted from a C18 silica column at an acetonitrile concentration of 41%, differing in this respect from both PSF, which eluted at 38% acetonitrile, and the GM-CSF produced by endotoxin-stimulated mouse lungs.
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PMID:Characterization of hemopoietic growth factors from T cells and the myelomonocytic leukemia WEHI-3B. 392 92

Atherosclerosis is increasingly recognized as an inflammatory disease. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a proinflammatory cytokine, recently implicated as a prominent component of the regulatory network involved in atherogenesis. We aimed to study the relationship between circulating GM-CSF levels and serum fatty acid (FA) composition in 78 healthy subjects. The latter was analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography and GM-CSF by a high-sensitivity commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Among women (n = 40), serum GM-CSF levels were found to be positively associated with the proportion of palmitic acid (C16:0) and negatively with linoleic acid (C18:2omega-6), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6omega-3), and the proportion of total essential FA. After excluding smoking women (n = 6), the associations among GM-CSF and serum linoleic acid concentration (r = -0.49, P =.003), arachidonic acid (r = -0.52, P =.001), and DHA (r = -0.34, P =.04) were strengthened. The ratio of palmitic to linoleic and DHA acids was the single best predictor of serum GM-CSF in all subjects. Together with arachidonic acid, it contributed to 22% of the GM-CSF variance in women, after taking into account the effects of age, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and smoking status. None of these associations were observed among men. In conclusion, serum FA composition is associated with circulating GM-CSF specifically in women. As human arterial and venous smooth muscle cells release GM-CSF, and treatment of endothelial cells with oxidized low-density lipoproteins results in a rapid expression of GM-CSF, the mechanisms involved in these associations and the sex-linked differences should be further explored.
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PMID:Circulating granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and serum fatty acid composition in men and women. 1173 97