Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P04141 (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor)
 6,790 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have purified and further characterized a histamine releasing factor (HRF) derived from human mononuclear cells using gel-filtration HPLC, reverse-phase HPLC, anion exchange chromatography, and elution from SDS gels after electrophoresis. Considerable heterogeneity is seen, far exceeding that published in prior reports. Gel filtration HPLC yielded a major peak at molecular weight 30,000 and minor peaks at 50,000 and 12,000. Reverse-phase HPLC gave one major fraction in the void volume and an eluted peak at 50-60% acetonitrile. Accell QMA anion exchange HPLC revealed three peaks of activity; one in the void volume similar to that published previously using QAE-Sephadex, and peaks that eluted at 0.5 and 0.8 M ammonium acetate, respectively. Electroelution following SDS-PAGE yielded peaks at MW 12,000 and 15-17,000 plus variable peaks at 25-27,000, 31-34,000, and 80-90,000 D. Using a combination of the aforementioned procedures, we have purified molecular species of HRF at 41,000 and 17,000 D to apparent homogeneity, as judged by SDS PAGE and autoradiography. Since human interleukin 3 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor possess histamine-releasing capability, it is clear that multiple cytokines can share this activity. However, the major HRF we isolate from human mononuclear cells appears, thus far, to be unique.
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PMID:Purification and further characterization of human mononuclear cell histamine-releasing factor. 246 21

Incubation of eosinophils (EOS) with alveolar macrophage (AM) supernatants isolated from asthmatic subjects followed by stimulation with the calcium ionophore A23187 resulted in enhancement of the capacity of EOS to elaborate leukotriene C4 (LTC4) (mean enhancement 169 +/- 37%, n = 31). Pretreatment of EOS with AM supernatants derived from normal individuals did not enhance LTC4 generation as compared with control medium. Enhancement was maximal when EOS were preincubated with a 1:6 dilution of AM supernatants for 5 min at 37 degrees C and were then stimulated with 5 microM A23187 for 15 min. Separation of AM supernatants by size-exclusion HPLC using a TSK G3000 SW column resulted in a peak of enhancing activity with an estimated molecular mass of approximately 30,000 D. Further purification by anion exchange HPLC using a TSK DEAE 5PW column (pH 7.4) resolved the activity into a minor peak at 0.17 M NaCl and a major peak at 0.2 M NaCl. The activities were distinct from interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor. Resolution of the major peak of activity by reverse-phase HPLC using a C18 spherisorb ODS column and a slope gradient of 0 to 100% acetonitrile/0.1% trifluoroacetic acid demonstrated a single peak of activity that eluted at 41% acetonitrile. The enhancing activity was sensitive to trypsin and heat and was neutralized by a specific antibody to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Pretreatment of EOS with recombinant GM-CSF primed the cells for enhanced LTC4 generation following subsequent stimulation with A23187. GM-CSF may play a role in the amplification of the eosinophilic inflammation in asthmatic airways.
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PMID:Identification of an alveolar macrophage-derived activity in bronchial asthma that enhances leukotriene C4 generation by human eosinophils stimulated by ionophore A23187 as a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. 251 May 65

P-cell-stimulating factor (PSF) (also termed interleukin 3) produced by the T-cell clone A3-37.4, the T-cell hybridoma 123, the T-lymphoma EL4, spleen cells, and the myelomonocytic cell line WEHI-3B had a similar apparent mol. wt. and in each case eluted from a Waters C18 silica column at a concentration of acetonitrile of 38%. Both the PSF from the T-cell clones and from WEHI-3B stimulated the in vitro growth of cloned T-dependent mast cells and of colonies from normal bone marrow cells. The T-cell sources--but not WEHI-3B--also produced an additional, distinct hemopoietic growth factor that stimulated the growth of colonies of neutrophils and macrophages but did not support the growth of P cells. This factor was termed T-cell granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (T-cell GM-CSF). T-cell GM-CSF eluted from a C18 silica column at an acetonitrile concentration of 41%, differing in this respect from both PSF, which eluted at 38% acetonitrile, and the GM-CSF produced by endotoxin-stimulated mouse lungs.
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PMID:Characterization of hemopoietic growth factors from T cells and the myelomonocytic leukemia WEHI-3B. 392 92