Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P04141 (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor)
 6,790 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using an in vitro expansion and differentiation system for human CD34+ cord blood (CB) progenitor cells, we analyzed the induction and expression kinetics of the granulomonocyte associated lysosomal proteins myeloperoxidase (MPO), lysozyme (LZ), lactoferrin (LF), and macrosialin (CD68). Freshly isolated CD34+ CB cells were negative for LZ and LF, and only small proportions expressed MPO (4% +/- 2%) or CD68 (3% +/- 1%). Culturing of CD34+ cells for 14 days with interleukin (IL)-1, IL-3, IL-6, stem cell factor, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and G-CSF resulted in on average a 1,750-fold amplification of cell number, of which 83% +/- 7% were MPO+. Without addition of GM-CSF and G-CSF, lower increases in total cell numbers (mean, 211-fold) and lower proportions of MPO+ cells (54% +/- 11%) were observed. The proportion of MPO+ cells slightly exceeded but clearly correlated with the proportion of cells positive for the granulomonocyte associated surface molecules CD11b (Mac-1), CD15 (LeX), CD64 (Fc gamma RI) CD66, or CD89 (Fc alpha R). At day 14 MPO+ and LZ+ cells were virtually identical. However, at earlier time points during culture (days 4 and 7), single MPO+ or LZ+ cell populations were also observed, which only later acquired LZ and MPO, respectively. Maturation of cells into the neutrophilic pathway was indicated by the acquisition of MPO, followed by LZ. In contrast, maturation of cells into the monocytic pathway was indicated by the acquisition of LZ followed by MPO and CD14. CD68 was found to be expressed at day 4 by the majority of cells and was not restricted to the granulomonocytic cells, as cells with megakariocytic (CD41+) or erythroid (CD71hi) features were CD68+. LF expression was observed only in GM- plus G-CSF-supplemented cultures, in which only 26% +/- 5% of cells expressed LF by day 14.
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PMID:Granulomonocyte-associated lysosomal protein expression during in vitro expansion and differentiation of CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells. 749 68

The effects of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3/calcitriol on the expression of Fc receptors (FcR) for IgA (Fc alpha R), IgE (Fc epsilon RII), and IgG (Fc gamma R) on human peripheral blood monocytes and the cell lines U937, THP-1, and Mono Mac-6, in combination with various cytokines, was examined by flow cytometry. On both monocyte-derived macrophages and the myelomonocytic cell lines, Fc alpha R/CD89 expression was induced by calcitriol alone and additively in combination with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Constitutive and interleukin-4 (IL-4)-driven Fc epsilon RII/CD23 expression was markedly diminished on calcitriol-treated U937 cells and monocytes. Fc epsilon RII was also triggered by IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 on all the cell lines, an effect blocked by calcitriol. On monocytes, the basal level and IFN-gamma-induced Fc gamma RI/CD64 expression was down-regulated by calcitriol and IL-4. The expression of Fc gamma RII/CD32 on monocytes was strongly suppressed by calcitriol. Transforming growth factor-beta induced Fc gamma RIII/CD16 on monocytes, an effect opposed by calcitriol. The ability of calcitriol-treated monocytes to phagocytose IgG-sensitized ox erythrocytes was diminished. Our results demonstrate that calcitriol, alone or in combination with cytokines, modulates Fc alpha R, Fc epsilon RII, Fc gamma RI, and Fc gamma RII expression on human mononuclear phagocytes, as well as Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis.
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PMID:Modulation of IgA, IgE, and IgG Fc receptor expression on human mononuclear phagocytes by 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and cytokines. 764 18

Mast cells (MC) are proinflammatory immune cells residing in various organs. Tissue-specific heterogeneity of MC has been described. The aim of this study was to establish the phenotype and functional profile of human tonsillar mast cells (ToMC) and to compare ToMC with lung-, skin-, and uterus MC. Tonsillar tissue was obtained from 23 patients suffering from hyperplastic tonsils and dispersed by enzymatic digestion. With the use of a combined toluidine blue/immunofluorescence staining technique, isolated ToMC were found to react with monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to immunoglobulin E, CD9, CD43, CD44, CD46, CD54, CD55, and CD59, as well as mAb to stem cell factor (SCF) receptor (CD117/c-kit). ToMC were not recognized by mAb to other cytokine receptors or mAb to CD3, CD11b, CD14, CDw17, the skin MC marker CD88 (C5aR) or CD89 (Fc alphaR). Activation of ToMC by recombinant human (rh) SCF or anti-IgE resulted in histamine secretion, whereas no effects were seen with rhC5a, rh granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, or rh interleukin-1 through -10. In summary, ToMC exhibit functional and phenotypic properties similar to lung- or uterus MC. Unlike skin MC, ToMC lack C5aR and are unresponsive to rhC5a.
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PMID:Immunophenotypic and functional characterization of human tonsillar mast cells. 912 8