Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P04040 (Catalase)
 3,577 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bovine liver catalase (hydrogen-peroxide:hydrogen peroxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.11.1.6) was derivatized by 9"(10")-[4'-(2-(4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazinyl) oxy)butoxy] stearic acid and the fatty acyl-coated enzyme was separated from native catalase and excess reagent by hydroxyapatite chromatography. The derivatization of catalase resulted in coupling the long-chain fatty acyl residues to lysine, histidine and arginine, while other amino acids remained essentially unaffected. The fatty acyl-coated enzyme was water soluble at pH greater than 7.0 but became octanol and ether soluble at pH less than 6.5. The derivatized enzyme retained 50-80% of the catalatic- and peroxidative-specific activities. The free carboxyl function of the coupled long-chain fattyl acyl residues could serve as substrate for ATP-dependent CoA-thioesterification catalyzed by the rat liver microsomal long-chain fatty acyl-CoA synthase.
 ...
PMID:Fatty acyl coupled catalase. 253 62

The effects of an increased PPFD on photosynthesis, the functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus and the response of the antioxidant enzymatic system were studied during the ex vitro establishment of micropropagated Calathea 'Maui Queen' plantlets. Measured chlorophyll and carotenoids contents in ex vitro formed leaves were almost three times higher compared to the in vitro formed ones. At the end of the acclimatization, an inverse relation between PPFD and the chlorophyll (a+b)/carotenoids ratio was observed. During the first days after transplantation Calathea plants are not photosynthetically active, as is illustrated by the photosynthetic light response curves. With the appearance of new leaves, higher photosynthetic capacities were observed and light saturation point increased (days 17 and 25). Also the maximal photosynthetic efficiency enlarged as shown by the increased initial slope of the curves. F(v)/F(m) decreased directly after transplantation of the micropropagated plantlets, afterwards a recovery was observed, but highest F(v)/F(m) values were observed in low light (LL) plants. The photochemical quenching coefficient increased gradually during the first two weeks of the acclimatization. In high light (HL) plants, q(P) decreased directly after transfer, while this was not observed in LL and medium light (ML). During the acclimatization period to increasing light intensities significant changes in the activity of the antioxidant enzymatic system were observed. A decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was measured during the first half of the acclimatization period followed by a recovery in ML and HL plants by day 35. Dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) activity decreased during acclimatization. At the end of the experimental period the lowest levels were measured in ML plants. Catalase (CAT) activity increased significantly during the first two weeks after transfer, a clear inverse relationship to PPFD was detected. The relation between the adquisition of full photosynthetic capacity and the activation of the enzymatic antioxidant system in the leaves of calathea plants during ex vitro acclimatization is discussed.
 ...
PMID:The evolution of photosynthetic capacity and the antioxidant enzymatic system during acclimatization of micropropagated Calathea plants. 1077 40

Campylobacter concisus is an emerging enteric pathogen that is associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Previous studies demonstrated that C. concisus is non-saccharolytic and hydrogen gas (H2) is a critical factor for C. concisus growth. In order to understand the molecular basis of the non-saccharolytic and H2-dependent nature of C. concisus growth, in this study we examined the pathways involving energy metabolism and oxidative stress defence in C. concisus. Bioinformatic analysis of C. concisus genomes in comparison with the well-studied enteric pathogen Campylobacter jejuni was performed. This study found that C. concisus lacks a number of key enzymes in glycolysis, including glucokinase and phosphofructokinase, and the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway. C. concisus has an incomplete tricarboxylic acid cycle, with no identifiable succinyl-CoA synthase or fumarate hydratase. C. concisus was inferred to use fewer amino acids and have fewer candidate substrates as electron donors and acceptors compared to C. jejuni. The addition of DMSO or fumarate to media resulted in significantly increased growth of C. concisus in the presence of H2 as an electron donor, demonstrating that both can be used as electron acceptors. Catalase, an essential enzyme for oxidative stress defence in C. jejuni, and various nitrosative stress enzymes, were not found in the C. concisus genome. Overall, C. concisus is inferred to have a non-saccharolytic metabolism in which H2 is central to energy conservation, and a narrow selection of carboxylic acids and amino acids can be utilised as organic substrates. In conclusion, this study provides a molecular basis for the non-saccharolytic and hydrogen-dependent nature of C. concisus energy metabolism pathways, which provides insights into the growth requirements and pathogenicity of this species.
 ...
PMID:Analyses of energy metabolism and stress defence provide insights into Campylobacter concisus growth and pathogenicity. 3216 25