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Query: UNIPROT:P04040 (Catalase)
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A novel alkaliphile was isolated from a drain of a fish processing plant. The isolate grew at a pH range of 7-10. Cells were Gram-positive, facultatively aerobic, motile rods with peritrichous flagella. Colonies were orange or yellow in colour. Catalase and oxidase reactions were positive. The isolate grew in 0-12 % NaCl but not above 15 % NaCl. Its cell extract exhibited 567 times higher catalase activity than an Escherichia coli cell extract. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C(13 : 0), anteiso-C(13 : 0), iso-C(15 : 0), iso-C(16 : 0), iso-C(17 : 0), anteiso-C(17 : 0) and iso-C(17 : 1). Its DNA G+C content was 46.7 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing and chemotaxonomic data indicated that strain T-2-2(T) is a member of the genus Exiguobacterium. DNA-DNA hybridization revealed a low relatedness of the isolate to several phylogenetic neighbours (less than 25 %). On the basis of phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic data and DNA-DNA relatedness data, the isolate merits classification as a novel species, for which the name Exiguobacterium oxidotolerans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is T-2-2(T) (=JCM 12280(T)=NCIMB 13980(T)).
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PMID:Exiguobacterium oxidotolerans sp. nov., a novel alkaliphile exhibiting high catalase activity. 1554 26

During a search for xylan-degrading micro-organisms, a sporulating bacterium was recovered from xylan-containing agar plates exposed to air in a research laboratory (Salamanca University, Spain). The airborne isolate (designated strain XIL14T) was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as representing a Paenibacillus species most closely related to Paenibacillus illinoisensis JCM 9907T (99.3 % sequence similarity) and Paenibacillus pabuli DSM 3036T (98 % sequence similarity). Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and DNA-DNA hybridization data indicated that the isolate belongs to a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus. Cells of strain XIL14T were motile, sporulating, rod-shaped, Gram-positive and facultatively anaerobic. The predominant cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C(15 : 0) and C(16 : 0). The DNA G+C content of strain XIL14T was 50.5 mol%. Growth was observed with many carbohydrates, including xylan, as the only carbon source and gas production was not observed from glucose. Catalase was positive and oxidase was negative. The airborne isolate produced a variety of hydrolytic enzymes, including xylanases, amylases, gelatinase and beta-galactosidase. DNA-DNA hybridization levels between strain XIL14T and P. illinoisensis DSM 11733T and P. pabuli DSM 3036T were 43.3 and 36.3 %, respectively. According to the data obtained, strain XIL14T is considered to represent a novel species for which the name Paenibacillus xylanilyticus sp. nov. is proposed (=LMG 21957T=CECT 5839T).
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PMID:Paenibacillus xylanilyticus sp. nov., an airborne xylanolytic bacterium. 1565 9

A bacterial strain, designated PALXIL04(T), was isolated from the phyllosphere of Phoenix dactylifera. Phylogenetic analysis placed the isolate within the genus Paenibacillus with the closest relatives being Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus and Paenibacillus kobensis. DNA-DNA hybridization measurements showed low DNA relatedness (15-20 %) between the isolate and its closest relatives. Cells were Gram-variable, facultatively anaerobic, motile, sporulating rods. Catalase and oxidase were produced by the organism. Cellulose, starch, aesculin and xylan were hydrolysed. Growth was supported by many carbohydrates as the carbon source. MK-7 was the predominant menaquinone and anteiso-C(15 : 0) the major fatty acid. The G+C content of the DNA was 50.7 mol%. Phylogenetic, DNA-DNA relatedness and phenotypic analyses indicated that strain PALXIL04(T) represents a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus phyllosphaerae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PALXIL04(T) (=LMG 22192(T)=CECT 5862(T)).
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PMID:Paenibacillus phyllosphaerae sp. nov., a xylanolytic bacterium isolated from the phyllosphere of Phoenix dactylifera. 1577 55

Two sporulating bacterial strains designated CECAP06(T) and CECAP16 were isolated from the rhizosphere of the legume Cicer arietinum in Argentina. Almost-complete 16S rRNA gene sequences identified the isolates as a Paenibacillus species. It was most closely related to Paenibacillus cineris LMG 18439(T) (99.6 % sequence similarity), Paenibacillus favisporus LMG 20987(T) (99.4 % sequence similarity) and Paenibacillus azoreducens DSM 13822(T) (97.7 % sequence similarity). The cells of this novel species were motile, sporulating, rod-shaped, Gram-positive and strictly aerobic. The predominant fatty acids were anteiso-C(15 : 0), C(16 : 0) and iso-C(16 : 0). The DNA G+C content of strains CECAP06(T) and CECAP16 was 51.3 and 50.9 mol%, respectively. Growth was observed from many carbohydrates, but gas production was not observed from glucose. Catalase and oxidase activities were present. The isolates produced beta-galactosidase and hydrolysed aesculin. Gelatinase, caseinase and urease were not produced. The results of DNA-DNA hybridization showed that the strains from this study constitute a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus rhizosphaerae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CECAP06(T) (=LMG 21955(T) = CECT 5831(T)).
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PMID:Paenibacillus rhizosphaerae sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of Cicer arietinum. 1587 72

A novel aerobic, chemoheterotrophic, bacteriochlorophyll-containing bacterium, strain OCh 323T, was isolated from sand at Monkey Mia, Shark Bay, located on the west coast of Australia. The cells were Gram-negative, non-motile rods of variable length; one or both cell poles was narrower. Bacteriochlorophyll a was synthesized under aerobic conditions. Catalase, oxidase and urease were produced. The ONPG reaction was positive. The major component of the cellular fatty acid was octadecenoic acid (18:1). The DNA G+C content was 68.1 mol%. The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain OCh 323T formed a novel, separate line of descent within the alpha-3 group of the Alphaproteobacteria. The similarity value for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain OCh 323T and that of the most closely related species, Rhodovulum sulfidophilum, was 91.4%. It is concluded that strain OCh 323T (=JCM 11220T=CIP 107377T) should be placed in a novel genus, Roseibacterium gen. nov., as the type strain of a novel species Roseibacterium elongatum sp. nov.
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PMID:Roseibacterium elongatum gen. nov., sp. nov., an aerobic, bacteriochlorophyll-containing bacterium isolated from the west coast of Australia. 1644 50

A novel thermophilic, alkali-tolerant, and CO-tolerant strain JW/WZ-YB58(T) was isolated from green mat samples obtained from the Zarvarzin II hot spring in the Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka (Far East Russia). Cells were Gram-type and Gram stain-positive, strictly aerobic, 0.7-0.8 mum in width and 5.5-12 mum in length and produced terminal spherical spores of 1.2-1.6 mum in diameter with the mother cell swelling around 2 mum in diameter (drumstick-type morphology). Cells grew optimally at pH(25 degrees C) 8.2-8.4 and temperature 50-52 degrees C and tolerated maximally 6% (w/v) NaCl. They were strict heterotrophs and could not use either CO or CO(2 )(both with or without H(2)) as sole carbon source, but tolerated up to 90% (v/v) CO in the headspace. The isolate grew on various complex substrates such as yeast extract, on carbohydrates, and organic acids, which included starch, D: -galactose, D: -mannose, glutamate, fumarate and acetate. Catalase reaction was negative. The membrane polar lipids were dominated by branched saturated fatty acids, which included iso-15:0 (24.5%), anteiso-15:0 (18.3%), iso-16:0 (9.9%), iso-17:0 (17.5%) and anteiso-17:0 (9.7%) as major constituents. The DNA G+C content of the strain is 45 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain JW/WZ-YB58(T) is distantly (<93% similarity) related to members of Bacillaceae. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence, physiological and phenotypic characteristics, the isolate JW/WZ-YB58(T) (ATCC BAA-1258; DSM 17740) is proposed to be the type strain for the type species of the new taxa within the family Bacillaceae, Thermalkalibacillus uzoniensis gen. nov. sp. nov. The Genbank accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence is DQ221694.
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PMID:Thermalkalibacillus uzonensis gen. nov. sp. nov, a novel aerobic alkali-tolerant thermophilic bacterium isolated from a hot spring in Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka. 1656 84

Two novel Pediococcus strains, Z-9(T) and Z-17, were isolated from a distilled-spirit-fermenting cellar in Hebei Province, China. The cells were Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, non-motile cocci and occurred in pairs or tetrads. The strains were facultatively anaerobic and produced only lactic acid [d(-) and l(+) isomers in the ratio 50 : 50] from glucose fermentation. Catalase activity was not present. Both strains were able to grow in 6.5 % ethanol and at pH 3.5, but not in 4 % NaCl. The mean genomic G+C content of the two strains was 39.5+/-0.5 mol% (39 mol% for the type strain, Z-9(T)). The levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between the two novel strains and related species of the genus Pediococcus ranged from 98.3 to 98.7 %. The levels of DNA-DNA relatedness between strain Z-9(T) and the phylogenetically closely related pediococci Pediococcus damnosus LMG 11484(T), Pediococcus inopinatus LMG 11409(T), Pediococcus parvulus LMG 11486(T) and Pediococcus cellicola LMG 22956(T) were 14.6, 33, 28.7 and 16.8 %, respectively. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses, a novel species, Pediococcus ethanolidurans sp. nov., is proposed, with strain Z-9(T) (=AS 1.3889(T)=LMG 23354(T)) as the type strain.
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PMID:Pediococcus ethanolidurans sp. nov., isolated from the walls of a distilled-spirit-fermenting cellar. 1701 70

A bacterial strain designated PALXIL08(T) was isolated from the phyllosphere of Phoenix dactylifera bracts. A phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence placed the isolate within the genus Paenibacillus in the same subgroup as Paenibacillus kobensis and Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus (98.9 and 97.9 % sequence similarity, respectively). The DNA hybridization values between the isolate and the type strains of Paenibacillus kobensis and Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus were found to be 27.4 and 17.6 %, respectively. The isolate comprised Gram-variable, facultatively anaerobic, motile, sporulating rods. Catalase and oxidase were produced and cellulose, xylan, starch and aesculin were hydrolysed. Many carbohydrates served as carbon sources for growth. MK-7 was the predominant menaquinone, and anteiso-C(15 : 0) and iso-C(16 : 0) were the major fatty acids. The DNA G+C content was 51 mol%. DNA relatedness data and the results of phylogenetic and phenotypic analyses showed that strain PALXIL08(T) should be considered as the type strain of a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus cellulosilyticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PALXIL08(T) (=LMG 22232(T)=CECT 5696(T)).
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PMID:Paenibacillus cellulosilyticus sp. nov., a cellulolytic and xylanolytic bacterium isolated from the bract phyllosphere of Phoenix dactylifera. 1715 77

A strictly anaerobic, mesophilic, sulfate-reducing bacterial strain (MSL86(T)) isolated from an estuarine sediment in the Sea of Japan (around the Japanese islands) was characterized phenotypically and phylogenetically. The cells were found to be Gram-negative, motile, non-spore-forming rods. Catalase was not detected. The optimum NaCl concentration for growth was 1.0 % (w/v) and the optimum temperature was 35 degrees C. Strain MSL86(T) was slightly alkaliphilic, with optimum growth at pH 7.5-7.6. Organic electron donors were incompletely oxidized to (mainly) acetate. Strain MSL86(T) utilized formate, pyruvate, lactate, fumarate, ethanol, propanol, butanol and glycerol as electron donors for sulfate reduction and did not use acetate, propionate, butyrate, succinate, malate, methanol, glycine, alanine, serine, aspartate, glutamate or H(2). Sulfite, thiosulfate and fumarate were used as electron acceptors with lactate as an electron donor. Without electron acceptors, the strain fermented pyruvate and fumarate. The genomic DNA G+C content was 54.4 mol%. Menaquinone MK-8(H(4)) was the major respiratory quinone. The major cellular fatty acids were C(16 : 0), C(16 : 1)omega7, C(16 : 1)omega5 and C(17 : 1)omega6. A phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence placed the strain in the class Deltaproteobacteria. The recognized bacterium most closely related to strain MSL86(T) was [Desulfobacterium] catecholicum DSM 3882(T) (sequence similarity 94.4 %), and the next most closely related recognized species were Desulfotalea psychrophila (94.2 % sequence similarity with the type strain) and Desulfotalea arctica (93.7 %). As the physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of MSL86(T) were distinctly different from those of any related species, a novel genus and species Desulfopila aestuarii gen. nov., sp. nov. are proposed to accommodate the strain. The type strain of Desulfopila aestuarii is MSL86(T) (=JCM 14042(T)=DSM 18488(T)).
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PMID:Desulfopila aestuarii gen. nov., sp. nov., a Gram-negative, rod-like, sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from an estuarine sediment in Japan. 1732 77

Two strictly anaerobic bacterial strains (SV434(T) and S562) were isolated from rice-straw residue in a methanogenic reactor treating waste from cattle farms in Japan. They had identical 16S rRNA gene sequences and showed almost the same phenotypic properties. The cells of both strains were Gram-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming rods; extraordinarily long rods often occurred. Remarkable stimulation of growth occurred with the addition of haemin and cobalamin (vitamin B(12)) to the medium. The supplementary cobalamin and haemin could be replaced if autoclaved and clarified sludge fluid obtained from the reactor was added. Both strains utilized a range of growth substrates, including arabinose, fructose, galactose, glucose, mannose, cellobiose, maltose, glycogen, starch, dextrin, amygdalin, lactate and pyruvate. Both strains produced acetate and propionate with a small amount of succinate from these substrates in the presence of haemin and cobalamin. Both strains were slightly alkaliphilic, having a pH optimum at about 7.9. The temperature range for growth was 5-35 degrees C, the optimum being 30 degrees C. The NaCl concentration range for growth was 0-4 % (w/v). Catalase activity was not detected in cells cultivated without haemin, whereas cells cultivated with haemin usually had the enzyme activity. Oxidase and nitrate-reducing activities were not detected. Aesculin was hydrolysed, but gelatin was not hydrolysed. Both strains were sensitive to bile acids. The major cellular fatty acids of both strains were anteiso-C(15 : 0) and iso-C(15 : 0). Menaquinones MK-8(H(0)) and MK-9(H(0)) were the major respiratory quinones and the genomic DNA G+C contents were 46.2-47.5 mol%. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences placed both strains in the phylum Bacteroidetes. Bacteroides coprosuis (isolated from swine-manure storage pits) was the species most closely related to both strains (95.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the type strain). On the basis of the phylogenetic, physiological and chemotaxonomic analyses, strains SV434(T) and S562 represent a novel species of the genus Bacteroides, for which the name Bacteroides propionicifaciens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SV434(T) (=JCM 14649(T) =DSM 19291(T)).
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PMID:Bacteroides propionicifaciens sp. nov., isolated from rice-straw residue in a methanogenic reactor treating waste from cattle farms. 1821 29


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