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Query: UNIPROT:P04040 (Catalase)
 3,577 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Catalase from bovine liver was covalently immobilized on hydrophilic polyurethane composite (CoFoam). The activity of the enzyme was assayed in the decomposition of H2O2 at pH 7.0 and 25 degrees C. The effects of water-to-prepolymer ratio, the addition of a crosslinking agent, and the utilization of a spacer on enzyme activity were examined. The results of immobilization of the enzyme in a large-scale unit are reported. The advantage of the CoFoam composite lies in the low drop in pressure in a packed-bed reactor at fairly large flow rates. For example, at flow rates of 10-12 L/min, the drop in pressure is typically 3 kPa. Enzymes immobilized on CoFoam represent a novel use as catalysts in packed-bed reactors owing to the low drop in pressure.
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PMID:Immobilized catalase on CoFoam hydrophilic polyurethane composite. 1648 19

Catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) catalyses the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide to water and molecular oxygen. Recombinant Vibrio salmonicida catalase (VSC) possesses typical cold-adapted features, with higher catalytic efficiency, lower thermal stability and a lower temperature optimum than its mesophilic counterpart from Proteus mirabilis. Crystals of VSC were produced by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method using ammonium sulfate as precipitant. The crystals belong to the monoclinic space group P2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 98.15, b = 217.76, c = 99.28 A, beta = 110.48 degrees. Data were collected to 1.96 A and a molecular-replacement solution was found with eight molecules in the asymmetric unit.
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PMID:Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of a cold-adapted catalase from Vibrio salmonicida. 1651 Dec 68

Catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) is an enzyme which is present mainly in the peroxisomes of mammalian cells. It is a tetrameric enzyme consisting of four identical, tetrahedrally arranged subunits of 60 kDa, each containing in its active center a heme group and NADPH. Catalase has two enzymatic activities depending on the concentration of H2O2. If the concentration of H2O2 is high, catalase acts catalytically, i.e. removes H2O2 by forming H2O and O2 (catalatic reaction). However, at a low concentration of H2O2 and in the presence of a suitable hydrogen donor, e.g. ethanol, methanol, phenol, and others, catalase acts peroxidically, removing H2O2, but oxidizing its substrate (peroxidatic reaction). The review article presents current knowledge about the structure, properties, and functions of catalase in living organisms.
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PMID:[Catalase: structure, properties, functions]. 1661 87

The aim of the study was to investigate, in vitro, hydrogen sulphide water (HSW) balneum effect on erythrocyte catalase activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Erythrocytes from twenty nine consecutive patients with rheumatoid arthritis (11 men, 18 women) aged 54 years were obtained. The control group comprised of 30 healthy subjects with a mean age of about 40 years. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis were subdivided into two groups twice: with active disease (18 patients) and in remission (11 patients), and secondly into patients receiving (21 subjects) and not receiving (8 subjects) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. For erythrocyte catalase activity evaluation, method of Beers and Sizer was used. Catalase activity was assessed after 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes erythrocytes incubation with HSW. The mean baseline erythrocyte catalase activity (to) was in rheumatoid arthritis patients of about 7.79 +/- 1.39 U/gHb and was significantly higher than in the control group: 6.96 +/- 2.68 U/gHb (p < 0.05). After 5 minutes incubation with HSW (t5) erythrocyte catalase activity increased, in rheumatoid arthritis patients to 8.21 +/- 1.77 U/gHb, after 10 minutes (t10) was 8.14 +/- 2.25 U/gHb, in control group: 7.58 +/- 2.50 U/gHb and 7.68 +/- 3.22 U/gHb, respectively. However the difference was not statistically significant. After 20 minutes of incubation (t20) erythrocyte catalase activity was the highest in the patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (8.33 +/- 1.96 U/gHb) and differed significantly from the patients in remission (6.69 +/- 1.27 U/gHb) and from patients not receiving non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (6.04 +/- 1.08 U/gHb). In rheumatoid arthritis patients erythrocyte catalase activity was higher when compared with control group and increased during incubation with HSW. It seems HSW balneum produce an antioxidant effect on erythrocyte status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
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PMID:[Hydrogen sulphide water balneum effect on erythrocyte catalase activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis--in vitro study]. 1664 97

The activities of catalase, peroxidase, and polyphenoloxidase were studied in attached and detached rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Ratna) leaves. Catalase activity decreased while peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase activities increased during senescence of both attached and detached rice leaves. Kinetic (5 mum) and benzimidazole (1 mm), which are known to delay the senescence of detached rice leaves, retarded the decrease of catalase activity during detached leaf senescence. On the other hand, these chemicals accelerated the increase of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase activities over the water control. Total phenolics accumulated in detached and darkened rice leaves, but in attached leaf senescence in light no accumulation of phenolics was observed.
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PMID:Catalase, Peroxidase, and Polyphenoloxidase Activities during Rice Leaf Senescence. 1665 74

The aim of this study was to identify, in the lichen Ramalina lacera, antioxidants that could provide indications of air pollution stress, and respond earlier than traditionally used structural/physiological parameters. The pollution-sensitive lichen R. lacera was transplanted from its relatively unpolluted natural habitat to two air-polluted sites for a period of up to 6 months. The superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, total water- and lipid-soluble low-molecular-weight antioxidant capacities and chlorophyll b/chlorophyll a ratios were assessed every 6 weeks. The earliest signs of oxidative stress were detected in the activities of fungal copper/zinc-superoxide dismutase, algal iron-superoxide dismutase and water-soluble low-molecular-weight antioxidants, which increased significantly as early as 42 days after exposure to pollution. Catalase activity increased in lichens transplanted to the polluted sites after 90 days. All activities decreased towards the end of the experiment. The impact of air pollution on R. lacera, using the traditionally employed parameter of chlorophyll b/chlorophyll a ratio, was only detected after 6 months of exposure to air pollution. Our results indicate that antioxidant parameters may serve as improved early-warning indicators of air pollution stress in lichens.
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PMID:Responses of antioxidants in the lichen Ramalina lacera may serve as an early-warning bioindicator system for the detection of air pollution stress. 1695 7

Light is one of the most important factors inducing morphogenesis in Neurospora crassa. The reception of light triggers the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) including hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)). Catalase-1 (Cat-1) is one of three catalases known to detoxify H(2)O(2) into water and oxygen. We reported that the photomorphogenetic characteristics of mutants in nucleoside diphosphate kinase-1 (NDK-1), a light signal transducer, are severely affected, and NDK-1 interacted with Cat-1 in a yeast two-hybrid assay. To disclose the function of Cat-1, we created a Cat-1 loss-of-function mutant (cat-1 ( RIP )) by the repeat induced point-mutation (RIPing) method. No Cat-1 activity was detected in the mutant strain. Forty guanines were replaced with adenines in the cat-1 gene of cat-1 ( RIP ), which caused 30 amino acid substitutions. The mutant strain grew normally, but its conidia and mycelia were more sensitive to H(2)O(2) than those of the wild type. The lack of Cat-1 activity also caused a significant reduction in the conidial germination rate. Furthermore, light enhanced this reduction in cat-1 ( RIP ) more than that in the wild type. Introduction of cat-1 into the mutant reversed all of these defective phenotypes. These results indicate that Cat-1 plays an important role in supporting the survival of conidia under oxidative and light-induced stress.
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PMID:Loss of Catalase-1 (Cat-1) results in decreased conidial viability enhanced by exposure to light in Neurospora crassa. 1707 71

When the WEHI7.2 mouse lymphoid cell line was treated with dexamethasone to induce apoptosis the activities and transcript levels of the antioxidant defence enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and DT-diaphorase exhibited a progressive decrease over 48 hours. Catalase activity was maintained and total SOD and DT-diaphorase activity showed smaller decreases following dexamethasone treatment of WEHI7.2 cells transfected with the bcl-2 oncogene, which protects the cells against apoptosis. Treatment of wild-type WEHI7.2 and bcl-2 transfected cells with a catalase inhibitor, aminotriazole, was not sufficient to induce apoptosis. Antioxidants, including bovine liver catalase, bovine erythrocyte CuZn-SOD, sodium selenite and Trolox, a water soluble vitamin E analogue, as well as hypoxia, inhibited dexamethasone-induced apoptosis. These results suggest that oxidant stress due to the decreased activity of antioxidant defence enzymes may play a role in dexamethasone-mediated lymphoid cell apoptosis and that bcl-2 may prevent apoptosis by maintaining the level of critical antioxidant defence mechanisms, which include catalase.
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PMID:Decreased antioxidant defence and increased oxidant stress during dexamethasone-induced apoptosis: bcl-2 prevents the loss of antioxidant enzyme activity. 1718 84

Three nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were tested: two inhibitors of COX-1 and COX-2 (acetylosalicylic acid and diclofenac), one inhibitor of COX-2 (nimesulid) and superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutatione peroxidase activity was estimated. The investigations were carried out in rats fed by gastric tube for three weeks with acetylsalicylic acid in doses of 2 and 10 mg/kg body weight, diclofenac in doses 1 and 5 mg/kg body weight and nimesulid in doses 2.5 and 12.5 mg/kg body weight. The results were compared with a control group of rats which obtained water into the stomach. No statistically characteristic changes of superoxide dismutase activity were observed. Catalase activity was statistically decreased after both doses of nimesulid and acetylsalicylic acid at the dose of 10 mg/kg body weight. Both doses of diclofenac increased catalase activity. Glutatione peroxidase activity was statistically decreased after both doses of nimesulid and in the dose 10 mg/kg body weight of acetylsalicylic acid and in the dose 5 mg/kg body weight of diclofenac.
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PMID:[The influence of selected nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on antioxidative enzymes activity]. 1727 66

The effects of the herbicide, clomazone, on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), catalase and TBARS formation in teleost fish (Rhamdia quelen) were studied. The fish were exposed to 0.5 or 1.0 mg L(-1) of clomazone for 12, 24, 48, 96 and 192 h. After 192 h of exposure period, fish were transferred to clean water and kept in the same for 192 h to study the recovery response. Same parameters as that of exposure period were assayed after 96 and 192 h of recovery period. Specific AChE activity was reduced in the brain and muscle after treatments, reaching a maximum inhibition of 47% in the brain and 45% in the muscle after 12h of exposure. Fish exposed to clomazone increased TBARS production in the liver for all exposure periods. The brain presented elevated TBARS levels after 12, 24 and 48 h, but after 96 and 192 h, these levels decreased. The decrease of TBARS levels persisted in brain tissue after 96 h of recovery and returned to the control value after 192 h in clean water. Catalase activity was reduced for all periods of exposure. Histological analysis showed vacuolation in the liver after herbicide exposure. Some of the alterations observed were completely restored after recovery period.
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PMID:Effect of clomazone herbicide on biochemical and histological aspects of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) and recovery pattern. 1728 Jul 6


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