Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P04040 (Catalase)
 3,577 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Neutrophils, isolated in large quantities from porcine blood were disrupted by nitrogen cavitation and separated by differential centrifugation into a nuclear fraction and a post-nuclear supernatant. The latter was subfractionated by sucrose density gradient centrifugation into cytosol, a fraction consisting of membrane vesicles and two granule-rich fractions. The membrane fraction accounted for 1.9% of the protein in the post-nuclear supernatant, the light granule fraction for 2.2% and the dense granule fraction for 4.2%. Catalase, lactate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase were largely confined to the cytosol. The dense granule fraction contained the highest quantities of the hydrolytic enzymes, although the membrane fraction was also rich in alkaline and acid phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activities. Electron microscopy of the membrane fraction showed intact membrane vesicles, whereas the granular fractions consisted of electron-dense, membrane-bound granules. Two granular fractions were isolated which contained granules of differing size and density. 3H-labeled wheat germ agglutinin bound to the surface of intact neutrophils and when these were disrupted and fractionated the membrane fraction showed a specific binding activity 16-times greater than that of the cavitated sample. The membrane fraction interacted with the detergent digitonin and as a result underwent density perturbation increasing from 1.13 g X cm-3 to 1.18 g X cm-3. Dodecylsulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed the membrane fraction to consist of at least 40 protein bands, with relative molecular masses ranging from 200 000-16 000. The granule fractions contained less protein bands, with a protein composition quite distinct from that of the membrane fraction.
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PMID:Subcellular fractionation of porcine neutrophils by nitrogen cavitation and sucrose-density-gradient centrifugation. 662 89

Histochemical and cytochemical studies were done to further characterize the preneoplastic hepatocytes with extraperoxisomal catalase (EPC-cells) that were found in the livers of rats fed 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene. Catalase activity was demonstrated cytochemically to be localized in nuclear matrices, hyaloplasm, and peroxisomal matrices of EPC-cells. It is suggested that an impairment of peroxisome formation is involved in the altered intracellular distribution of catalase. Administration of clofibrate increased the catalase activity in EPC-cells. To examine the preneoplastic nature of EPC-cells, activities of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) were examined, since changes in the activities of these enzymes have been used as markers of putative preneoplastic cells. In the present study, neither weak G6Pase activity nor positive GGT activity was considered to be a consistent feature of EPC-cells. However, available evidence suggests that EPC-cells are one of the carcinogen-induced cell populations with altered phenotypes.
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PMID:Hepatocytes with extraperoxisomal catalase in rats fed 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene. 711 45

In experiments carried out in rabbit eyes, UV rays of 254 or 312 nm wavelength damaged the anterior eye segment, whereas those of 365 nm wavelength did not. Two min irradiation with 254 nm UV rays led to a decrease of catalase activity in the corneal epithelium. After 5 min irradiation the catalase activity in the epithelium was not detectable at all. Catalase activity was also diminished in the corneal endothelium and lens epithelium. In this stage the changes were accompanied by decreased activities of Na(+)--K(+)-dependent adenosine triphosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and increased activities of lysosomal enzymes in the corneal and lens epithelium as well as in the corneal endothelium. The transparency of the cornea and lens was decreased. Plasmin activity appeared in the tear fluid. The irradiation with UV rays of 312 nm caused similar disturbances, however, a longer exposure was necessary. In contrast, irradiation with UV rays of 365 nm did not produce any changes. The described corneal disturbances were prevented by dropping of catalase solution on the eye surface during the irradiation or shortly after it. However, after a protracted irradiation aprotinin had to be added to catalase to achieve the healing. The decrease of catalase activity and its prevention by a local application of catalase suggests a key role of oxyradicals in the damage of the eye by UV rays.
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PMID:The damaging effect of UV rays (with the wavelength shorter than 320 nm) on the rabbit anterior eye segment. I. Early changes and their prevention by catalase-aprotinin application. 753 31

The aim of the study was to analyze the effects of oral contraceptives (OCs) on pro/antioxidant status in the blood of healthy women aged 20-25 years. Individuals were divided into OCs users and OCs nonusers. Markers of oxidative stress in the blood such as Cu, Cu/Zn ratio, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione oxidized (GSSG), and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) were determined. Antioxidants such as glutathione reduced (GSH), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were estimated. Higher Cu concentrations, Cu/Zn ratio and GGT activity in women taking OCs were noted. A significant increase in MDA concentrations in oral OCs users was observed. Heightened activity of CAT in plasma was observed in OCs users, whereas SOD activity remained unchanged in plasma and erythrocyte lysate. A decline of GSH and GSSG in whole blood and glutathiono-dependent enzymes (GPx in plasma, GR in plasma and GST in lysate) was shown. Use of OCs leads to a pro/antioxidant imbalance. The results in the present study confirmed that GGT is an early marker of oxidative stress. Catalase is the main antioxidant, involved in the removal of free radicals in OCs users.
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PMID:Pro/antioxidant status in young healthy women using oral contraceptives. 2692 93