Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P02794 (ferritin)
 17,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hepatic steatosis has been associated with fibrosis, but it is unknown whether the latter is independent of the etiology of fat infiltration. We analyzed the relationship between clinical characteristics, insulin resistance (HOMA-R) and histological parameters in 132 patients with "viral" steatosis caused by genotype 3 chronic hepatitis C (CHC-3) and 132 patients with "metabolic" steatosis caused by nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), matched by age, BMI, and degree of liver fat accumulation. Tests of liver function were comparable in the two study populations. The prevalence of features of insulin resistance was higher in NAFLD, as was HOMA-R (P = .008). Logistic regression analysis confirmed that steatosis was associated with a high viral load and low serum cholesterol in CHC-3, and with high aminotransferase, glucose, ferritin and hypertriglyceridemia in NAFLD. At univariate analysis, advanced fibrosis was associated with steatosis in NAFLD, but not in CHC-3. Other parameters related to fibrosis severity were HOMA-R and a low platelet count in CHC-3, and high aminotransferases, HOMA-R, ferritin and low HDL-cholesterol in NAFLD. On multivariate analysis, only low platelet count (OR = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.67-0.92) and HOMA-R (OR = 2.98; 1.13-7.89) were independent predictors of advanced fibrosis in CHC-3. In NAFLD, severe fibrosis was predicted by fat grading (OR = 3.03; 1.41-6.53), ferritin (OR = 1.13; 1.03-1.25) and HOMA-R (OR = 1.16; 1.02-1.31). In conclusion, insulin resistance is an independent predictor of advanced fibrosis in both NAFLD and CHC-3, but the extent of steatosis contributes to advanced disease only in NAFLD. Virus-induced hepatic steatosis as seen in CHC-3 does not contribute significantly to liver fibrosis.
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PMID:Fibrosis in genotype 3 chronic hepatitis C and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Role of insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. 1713 73

There are limited data on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) from India. The clinicopathological profile of Indian patients with NAFLD may be different from that of Western patients. One hundred NAFLD patients with increased liver enzymes were prospectively evaluated for clinical presentation, associated diseases, overweight/obesity, central obesity (n=54), presence of diabetes mellitus, lipid abnormalities, insulin resistance (n=39), metabolic syndrome (n=54), serum iron, serum ferritin, and transferrin saturation (n=60), and HFE gene mutations (n=30). Risk factors for the grade and stage of the disease on histology were studied in 38 biopsy-proven patients. Patients were treated with lifestyle modifications and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). Seventeen nonresponder patients were treated with metformin. The majority of patients were males (n=70). Twenty percent of patients were overweight, 68% had obesity, and 78% had central obesity. Abnormal cholesterol, HDL, and triglycerides were present in 36%, 66%, and 53% of patients, respectively. Twelve percent of patients had diabetes mellitus and 16% patients had various associated diseases. All 22 (100%) patients studied by ITT and all but 1 (98%) studied by HOMA-IR were found to have reduced insulin sensitivity and 50% were found to have metabolic syndrome by the modified ATP III criteria. Two (3%) patients were found to have high serum iron, 4 (7%) patients had high ferritin, 5 (8%) patients had increased transferrin saturation, and 4 (13%) patients were found to be heterozygotes for H63D HFE gene mutation. Twenty patients of 38 (53%) had histological evidence of NASH (class 3=6, class 4=14). The other 18 (47%) qualified for class I (n=1) or class II (n=17) NAFLD. Four (10.5%) patients had bridging fibrosis and none had evidence of cirrhosis liver. Seventy-four (74%) patients achieved a biochemical response to lifestyle modification and UDCA. All 17 patients treated with metformin had a reduction in ALT level and 10 (59%) of them had normalization of their enzymes. We conclude that the clinicopathological profile of NAFLD in Indian patients is different from that in the West.
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PMID:The clinicopathological profile of Indian patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is different from that in the West. 1742 Sep 51

Lipid abnormalities, including low levels of all fractions of serum lipids, have been repeatedly reported in all phenotypes of beta-thalassemia. Unexpectedly, in more recent studies, the concentration of total cholesterol (TC) and high- and/or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C and LDL-C) has been found in beta-thalassemia intermedia (TI) patients even lower than in thalassemia major, without a clear explanation of pathophysiology of these findings. This lack of information prompted us to evaluate the plasma lipids and lipoproteins pattern in the TI patients followed in our department; the data were compared with those found in hereditary spherocytosis patients. Furthermore, in both groups of patients, the erythroid bone marrow activity was evaluated, utilizing the level of soluble transferrin receptors (sTfR) in the plasma. Both groups of patients showed similar lipid abnormalities (low-TC, HDL-C and LDL-C) and the same increase of sTfR, with significantly lower hemoglobin levels in TI patients. Data analysis of our study shows that the lipid profile in TI patients is not influenced by age, sex, liver injury, hemoglobin or ferritin levels; the higher erythroid bone marrow activity with the enhanced cholesterol consumption could be the dominant mechanism implicated in the lipid abnormalities of TI patients.
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PMID:Lipid profile in beta-thalassemia intermedia patients: correlation with erythroid bone marrow activity. 1747 93

Although anaemia management has improved in haemodialysis (HD) patients in recent years, many of them still have haemoglobin (Hb) levels below the current recommendations. The consequent anaemia could be one of the links between malnutrition and inflammation, and higher mortality in HD patients. The study objective was to determine the relationship between Hb levels and outcome in patients undergoing HD, accounting for inflammation and malnutrition. We retrospectively analysed a total of 236 patients on HD between January 2003 and December 2005, classified by absence or presence of inflammation and malnutrition (defined as serum albumin levels < 40 g/L and CRP > 8mg/l). Serum levels of Hb, ferritin, creatinine, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), LDL (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), albumin and CRP were measured monthly, fibrinogen was measured every third month. Over the period of three years, 73 out of 236 patients (30%) had died, most from cardiovascular diseases (62%). Presence of inflammation and malnutrition (in 44% of patients) was associated with older age (60.69 -/+ 12.46 vs. 54.52 -/+ 12.37, p = 0.0002), lower levels of Hb (99.53 -/+ 14.97 vs. 111.86 -/+ 10.38 g/l, p = 0.0000), creatinine (835.88 -/+ 179.84 vs. 1069.98 -/+ 821.23-/+mol/l, p = 0.0047), albumin (36.58 -/+ 3.41 vs.40.32 -/+ 2.82 g/l, p = 0.0000), cholesterol (4.32 -/+ 1.04 vs. 4.75 -/+ 1.09 mmol/l, p = 0.0025) and higher levels of fibrinogen (4.94 -/+ 1.18 vs. 4.29-/+0.91g/l, p=0.0000) and CRP (30.42-/+29.47 vs. 5.24-/+4.89 mg/l, p=0.0000). The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that, irrespective of the absence or presence of inflammation and malnutrition, the all-cause mortality was higher in patients with Hb <110g/l (Log-Rank, p=0.00147; p=0.00222). On the other hand, Kaplan-Meier showed that, irrespective of the absence or presence of anaemia (Hb > 110g/l and Hb < 110g/l), the all-cause mortality was higher in patients with the presence of inflammation and malnutrition (Log-Rank, p=0.00222; p=0.00263). The Cox proportional hazard analysis, adjusting for age, showed that only lower serum levels of Hb and higher CRP were associated with all-cause mortality (chi-square=110,306, p=0.0000). Our findings confirm the association of Hb levels < 110g/L with higher mortality among maintenance HD patients, especially in patients with the presence of inflammation and malnutrition. Further investigation of the relationships among anaemia, inflammation and malnutrition and survival is warranted.
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PMID:Association between haemoglobin level and all-cause mortality in haemodialysis patients: the link with inflammation and malnutrition. 1792 20

We investigated the effect of body composition, nutrition, inflammation and iron status on insulin resistance in patients with long-term hemodialysis. We selected 43 stable end-stage chronic renal failure patients, on maintenance hemodialysis. We evaluated the nutritional status, body composition by subjective global assessment (SGA), anthropometric measurements (BMI and waist circumference), bioelectrical impedance analysis and biochemical parameters measurements [serum albumin, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, hematocrit, hemoglobin, iron, ferritin, calcium, phosphorus, intact parathormone (i-PTH), TNF-alpha, IL-6 and high sensitivity C-reactive protein]. All parameters were evaluated by comparisons between HOMA-IR tertiles, and after simple regression analysis, by backward multivariate regression analysis we identified independent variables for IR. As the tertile of HOMA-IR increased, serum level of glucose, insulin, and waist increascd, whereas HDL-cholesterol level decreased, or the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome increased across the tertiles of HOMA-IR. After adjustment for gender, age, hemodialysis duration, ferritin, phosphorus, waist and total fat percentages, multivariate regression analysis was performed and the association with HOMA-IR was still strong only for serum levels of iron and TNF-alpha. That explains 16% of the total variation in HOMA-IR. Our results suggest that the increase of IR in end-stage chronic renal failure patients on hemodialysis could be related to anemia and particularly to iron overload. Moreover, chronic inflammatory status with over-production of adipokine TNF-alpha participate in the pathogenesis of IR too. The present study demonstrated that adipokine TNF-alpha and serum iron participated as independent predictors in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance on long-term hemodialysis patients.
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PMID:The effect of nutritional status, body composition, inflammation and serum iron on the developement of insulin resistance among patients on long-term hemodialysis. 1892 54

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of macrovascular diseases and related death. Additionally, diabetes mellitus is frequently complicated by other cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, obesity, hypercoagulability, and inflammation. We wanted to evaluate and compare the effects of treating with a one-year course of atorvastatin or simvastatin on inflammatory markers such as high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), fibrinogen, and ferritin in uncontrolled type 2 diabetic patients. Also, we planned to investigate the correlation between inflammatory markers and metabolic parameters. Fifty type 2 diabetic patients (30 women, 20 men; mean age: 49.9 +/- 8.5 years) were enrolled into the study. Twenty healthy subjects, matched on body mass index and age, were also included in the study as a control group. Diabetic patients were divided into two groups and received simvastatin or atorvastatin (Group S and A, respectively). After 1 year of statin treatment (Group A), there were significant decreases in total cholesterol (217.3 +/- 46.5-173.8 +/- 37.2 mg/dl; P < 0.0001), LDL-cholesterol (146.7 +/- 50.3-102.3 +/- 31.1 mg/dl, P < 0.0001), hsCRP (0.88 +/- 0.62-0.35 +/- 0.18 mg/dl, P < 0.0001), fibrinogen (258.2 +/- 16.9-215.5 +/- 10.6 mg/l; P < 0.0001), and ferritin (118.2 +/- 73.9-81.2 +/- 72.5 ng/ml, P < 0.0001) levels compared to basal values. In the S group, there were significant decreases in total cholesterol (224.4 +/- 61.2-175.0 +/- 47.8 mg/dl; P < 0.0001), LDL-cholesterol (140.9 +/- 56.7-110.9 +/- 42.2 mg/dl, P < 0.0001), hsCRP (0.98 +/- 1.3-0.46 +/- 0.25 mg/dl, P < 0.0001), fibrinogen (265.7 +/- 26.8-222.1 +/- 20.6 mg/l; P < 0.0001), and ferritin (136.7 +/- 101.1-85.6 +/- 32.1 ng/ml, P < 0.0001) levels compared to basal values. At the end of the study, hsCRP, fibrinogen, and ferritin levels were correlated with LDL (r = 0.42; P = 0.005, with hsCRP), (r = 0.40; P = 0.008, with fibrinogen), (r = 0.46; P = 0.002, with ferritin) and HDL (r = -0.50; P < 0.0001, with hsCRP), (r = -0.32; p = 0.042, with fibrinogen), (r = -0.48; P < 0.0001, with ferritin) cholesterol levels. Atorvastatin and simvastatin treatments were found to be effective for the control of hypercholesterolemia and resulted in a significant decrease in acute phase reactants in uncontrolled type 2 diabetic patients.
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PMID:Effects of one year simvastatin and atorvastatin treatments on acute phase reactants in uncontrolled type 2 diabetic patients. 1925 30

The purpose of this study was to compare different methods to identify metabolically healthy but obese (MHO) individuals in a cohort of obese postmenopausal women. We examined the anthropometric and metabolic characteristics of 113 obese (age: 57.3 +/- 4.8 years; BMI: 34.2 +/- 2.7 kg/m(2)), sedentary postmenopausal women. The following methods were used to identify MHO subjects: the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (MHO: upper quartile of glucose disposal rates); the Matsuda index (MHO: upper quartile of the Matsuda index); the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index (MHO: lower quartile of the HOMA index); having 0-1 cardiometabolic abnormalities (systolic/diastolic blood pressure > or =130/85 mm Hg, triglycerides (TG) > or =1.7 mmol/l, glucose > or =5.6 mmol/l, HOMA >5.13, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) >0.1 mg/l, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) <1.3 mmol/l); and meeting four out of five metabolic factors (HOMA < or =2.7, TG < or =1.7 mmol/l, HDL-C > or =1.3 mmol/l, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol < or =2.6 mmol/l, hsCRP < or =3.0 mg/l). Thereafter, we measured insulin sensitivity, body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), body fat distribution (computed tomography scan), energy expenditure, plasma lipids, inflammation markers, resting blood pressure, and cardiorespiratory fitness. We found significant differences in body composition (i.e., peripheral fat mass, central lean body mass (LBM)) and metabolic risk factors (i.e., HDL-C, hsCRP) between MHO and at risk individuals using the different methods to identify both groups. In addition, significant differences between MHO subjects using the different methods to identify MHO individuals were observed such as age, TG/HDL, hsCRP, and fasting insulin. However, independently of the methods used, we noted some recurrent characteristics that identify MHO subjects such as TG, apolipoprotein B, and ferritin. In conclusion, the present study shows variations in body composition and metabolic profile based on the methods studied to define the MHO phenotype. Therefore, an expert consensus may be needed to standardize the identification of MHO individuals.
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PMID:Identifying metabolically healthy but obese individuals in sedentary postmenopausal women. 1985 2

Specific laboratory tests and physical findings are available to the practicing clinician that should raise the suspicion of inflammation. Inflammation is related to specific clinical outcomes. Once identified, changes in clinical practice may affect the level of inflammation in individual and or groups of dialysis patients with the hope that these changes may in turn affect outcome in a positive manner. Standard clinical tests and observations associated with inflammation are hypoalbuminemia, erythropoietin resistance, decreased iron saturation accompanied by high ferritin, frailty, low serum creatinine, reduced total and LDL-cholesterol, and increased C reactive protein (CRP). Inflammation is strongly associated with loss of physical function, dyslipidemia (low LDL- and HDL-cholesterol, increased triglycerides), and anemia that is unresponsive to erythropoietin. Inflammation is associated with cardiovascular events, increased hospitalization, and death. Correctible causes of inflammation are tunneled dialysis catheters, arteriovenous grafts, catheter infection, periodontal disease, poor water quality, and dialyzer incompatibility. Obesity also is a source of cytokines but may be less amenable to treatment. Inflammation is multifactorial in dialysis patients. Some sources are recognizable and correctable, such as vascular access type, clinical infection, and water quality, and some are not. Inflammation is strongly associated with outcome.
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PMID:Biochemistry and biomarkers of inflamed patients: why look, what to assess. 1999 7

Obesity is associated with complications during pregnancy and increased health risks in the newborn. The objective of the present study was to establish possible relationships between gut microbiota, body weight, weight gain and biochemical parameters in pregnant women. Fifty pregnant women were classified according to their BMI in normal-weight (n 34) and overweight (n 16) groups. Gut microbiota composition was analysed by quantitative real-time PCR in faeces and biochemical parameters in plasma at 24 weeks of pregnancy. Reduced numbers of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides and increased numbers of Staphylococcus, Enterobacteriaceae and Escherichia coli were detected in overweight compared with normal-weight pregnant women. E. coli numbers were higher in women with excessive weight gain than in women with normal weight gain during pregnancy, while Bifidobacterium and Akkermansia muciniphila showed an opposite trend. In the whole population, increased total bacteria and Staphylococcus numbers were related to increased plasma cholesterol levels. Increased Bacteroides numbers were related to increased HDL-cholesterol and folic acid levels, and reduced TAG levels. Increased Bifidobacterium numbers were related to increased folic acid levels. Increased Enterobacteriaceae and E. coli numbers were related to increased ferritin and reduced transferrin, while Bifidobacterium levels showed the opposite trend. Therefore, gut microbiota composition is related to body weight, weight gain and metabolic biomarkers during pregnancy, which might be of relevance to the management of the health of women and infants.
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PMID:Gut microbiota composition is associated with body weight, weight gain and biochemical parameters in pregnant women. 2020 64

The aim of this study was to investigate fat distribution, mainly abdominal fat, and its relationship with metabolic risk variables in a group of 126 children and adolescents (60 males and 66 females) aged 5.0 to 14.9. According to IOTF criteria, 46 were classified as normal weight, 28 overweight and 52 obese. Weight, height, waist (WC) and hip circumferences were measured. The body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Total body fat, trunkal and abdominal fat were also assessed by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Glucose, insulin, HDL-Cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), ferritine, homocystein and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured. Obesity status was related with insulin concentrations, CRP, TG and HDL. Obese patients had higher abdominal fat and higher CRP values than overweight and normal subjects. All markers of central body adiposity were related with insulin and lipid metabolism; however, they were not related with homocystein or ferritin. A simple anthropometric measurement, like waist circumference, seems to be a good predictor of the majority of the obesity related metabolic risk variables.
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PMID:Abdominal fat and metabolic risk in obese children and adolescents. 2035 55


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