Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P02794 (ferritin)
 17,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In this study, we examined the roles of C4 and C3 in immune complex glomerulonephritis by actively immunizing C4-deficient (C4 -/-), C3 deficient (C3 -/-) and wild-type mice with apoferritin. Wild-type animals with an intact complement system produced anti-apoferritin IgG and IgM antibodies, and developed mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis characterized by hypercellularity, matrix expansion, deposition of IgG, IgM, IgA and C3, and the presence of electron dense deposits. In the majority of animals, the peripheral capillaries also contained IgG, C3 and subendothelial and subepithelial electron dense deposits. In contrast to wild-type animals, all apoferritin-immunized C4 -/- and C3 -/- mice had serum cryoprecipitates containing polyclonal IgM and the variable presence of polyclonal IgG. These animals also developed immune complex glomerulonephritis, but their disease manifestations were distinctly different from that of their wild-type littermates. In apoferritin-immunized C4 -/- and C3 -/- mice, IgG was either absent or present in reduced quantities in glomeruli, yet IgM and IgA were present in greater intensity in glomeruli. Capillary wall IgG deposits were absent in all C4 -/- and C3 -/- animals. C4 -/- animals also had significant glomerular C3 deposition, hypercellularity and neutrophil infiltration, which were not present in C3 -/- animals. These results illustrate the complex interplay between the effects of complement to process immune complexes and to lead to inflammation and tissue injury.
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PMID:Immune complex glomerulonephritis in C4- and C3-deficient mice. 946 Oct 92

A total of 167 children and adolescents with insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (97 males; age range 1.9-22.4 yrs) in a UK paediatric diabetic clinic were screened for coeliac disease using the IgA endomysial (EMA) test, or, in IgA deficient subjects, the IgG antigliadin (AGA) test. Antibody positive subjects were selected for small bowel biopsy, and confirmed coeliac cases started on a gluten free diet. Clinical features, height (Ht) standard deviation score (SDS), body mass index (BMI) SDS, HbA1c, insulin requirements' haemoglobin (Hb), mean red cell volume (MCV), serum folate and ferritin levels were evaluated at diagnosis and thereafter at 3-6 month intervals. A total of 156 subjects (93.4%) were antibody negative. Eleven (6.6%) were antibody positive (10 EMA/1 AGA; 6 males), of whom 9 had biopsies: 1 normal: 8 coeliac (4.8%; 5 males; 1 'classical'; 1 anaemia; 3 'atypical'; 3 asymptomatic). Seven coeliac subjects were followed during 12-24 months of dietary therapy. Pretreatment mean (range) Ht SDS = 0.08 (-1.66 to 1.88); BMI SDS = 0.32 (-0.82 to 1.29); HbA1c = 8.9 (6.2 to 11.3%); insulin dose = 0.98 (0.51 to 1.29) U kg(-1) day(-1). During treatment antibody status reverted to and remained negative, and symptoms resolved. By 24 months, there was a trend towards increased BMI SDS (mean (range) 1.31 (0.47 to 2.29), p = 0.248) and to reductions in HbA1c (8.1 (6.4-10.8), p = 0.697). Repeat small bowel biopsies were normal in 6 subjects (1 refused). No statistically significant changes occurred in any other parameters. In conclusion, serological screening is effective, although the therapeutic benefit of dietary therapy in asymptomatic cases remains uncertain.
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PMID:Coeliac disease in children and adolescents with IDDM: clinical characteristics and response to gluten-free diet. 947 62

Several recent studies suggest that direct application of antigen to the vaginal surface may enhance local IgA secretion, but the most effective methods for stimulating immunity at the vaginal surface have not been identified. We used antigen-loaded, biocompatible, vaginal rings to provide controlled and sustained antigen delivery directly to the vaginal mucosal surface. Mice were primed with ferritin, either subcutaneously or orally by ferritin-loaded polymer microspheres, and vaginally boosted by insertion of a ferritin-loaded polymer ring. We found that the vaginal rings were a convenient method for providing controlled antigen delivery to the vagina. Subcutaneously primed mice receiving ferritin-loaded vaginal rings had ferritin-specific IgA in their mucus secretions, while mice receiving blank rings did not. Oral priming with ferritin-loaded poly(lactic acid) microspheres also produced significant levels of ferritin-specific IgA in the vaginal secretions, but required the presence of cholera toxin. Controlled ferritin delivery to mucosal surfaces, either by oral, biodegradable microspheres or vaginal rings, provides a convenient and reliable method for enhancing vaginal IgA production in mice.
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PMID:Antigen-releasing polymer rings and microspheres stimulate mucosal immunity in the vagina. 968 76

The biological inter- and intra-individual variations of serum immunochemical constituents were estimated by the analysis of variance. Twelve samples taken at weekly intervals were analyzed for 22 healthy individuals. As for immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgA, IgM, IgE, C-reactive protein, anti-streptolysin O, alpha-fetoprotein, complement component 3 and 4, and ferritin, the intra-individual variations (with coefficient of variations (CVs) ranging from 4.8% to 51.7%) were smaller than the inter-individual variations (with CVs ranging from 14.6% to 107.6%). The values for carcinoembryonic antigen (with CVs of inter- and intra-individual variation being 31.6% and 39.6%, respectively) and beta 2-microglobulin (with CVs of inter- and intra-individual variation being 14.4% and 13.1%, respectively) were similar. The biological variations of serum immunochemical constituents, examined in this study, were larger than those of serum chemical constituents. Based on our data, we propose allowable limits of analytical error, which is less than one-half of the average intra-individual variation for evaluation of imprecision and is less than one-quarter of the inter- plus intra-individual variation for evaluation of inaccuracy.
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PMID:[Biological inter- and intra-individual variations of serum immunochemical constituents and their allowable limits of analytical error]. 1051 26

Our objectives were to study the value of different proteins in the serum and ascitic fluid and assess their potential in discriminating between malignant and nonmalignant ascites in a model that could be developed to aid clinical diagnosis. In all, 57 different measurements (30 in serum and 27 in ascitic fluid) including erythrocyte sedimentation rate, number of white blood cells, cytokines, interleukin-1a (IL-1a), IL-1b, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM), complement factors C3 and C4, acute-phase proteins such as alpha1-acid glycoprotein, alpha2-macroglobulin, alpha1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, C-reactive protein, ferritin, ceruloplasmin and transferin, were performed in 61 patients with ascites (25 with malignant exudates, 13 with nonmalignant exudates, and 23 with transudates). Patients with sepsis were excluded. Correlation tests and one-way ANOVAs were used for comparisons between different groups. Discriminant analyses were used to assess the significance of each parameter in the differentiation process. Correct classification of 100% of cases required the use of all 57 ascitic fluid measurements in the model, which was not considered practical in clinical diagnosis. Discriminant analysis showed that five ascitic fluid measurements-total protein, LDH, TNF-alpha, C4, and haptoglobin-were sufficient for a model to correctly classify 89% of cases. Cross-validation showed that 70% of unknown cases were correctly classified using this model. In conclusion, we have shown that five easily taken protein measurements in the ascitic fluid can differentiate to a large extent between cases with ascites and have proposed a relatively simple statistical model with these parameters that could be developed to be extremely useful in the clinical setting.
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PMID:Discrimination between malignant and nonmalignant ascites using serum and ascitic fluid proteins in a multivariate analysis model. 1074 24

Ferritin and ferritin-binding proteins in canine serum were characterized. A certain percentage of ferritin in canine serum, but no tissue ferritin, was precipitated by centrifugation at 16,000 x g for 30 min. The precipitated ferritin was found to contain two subunits corresponding to the H and L subunits of canine liver ferritin by immunoblotting, the H subunit being predominant. More ferritin was precipitated from canine sera which had been incubated with anti-rat liver ferritin antibody than from untreated sera, and the H chain also predominated. To evaluate the possibility that the autoantibody was responsible for the precipitation of canine serum ferritin, the ferritin-binding activities of canine antibodies were examined using liver ferritin-coated microtiter plates and alkaline phosphatase-labeled antibodies specific for canine IgM, IgA, and IgG heavy chains. The results showed that IgM and IgA, but not IgG, had considerable ferritin-binding activities. Given these results, we suggest that there is H-chain-rich isoferritin in canine serum, and that ferritin exists as an immune complex.
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PMID:Characterization of ferritin and ferritin-binding proteins in canine serum. 1083 Dec 25

Twenty-two different protein measurements were taken in the serum and ascitic fluid of fifty consecutive patients in an attempt to investigate which tests are the most reliable for the differential diagnosis of ascites. Serum and ascitic fluid total proteins (TPR), albumin (ALB), lactate (LAC), ferritin (FER), C3 and C4 complement factors, C-reactive protein (CRP), ceruloplasmin (CER), alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha2MG), haptoglobin (HAP), alpha1-antitrypsin (alpha1AT), alpha1-acid glycoprotein (alpha1AG), transferrin (TRF), immunoglobulins IgG, IgA, IgM and cytokines such as interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were measured to distinguish between malignant and cirrhotic ascites. Correlations and non-parametric Mann-Whitney tests were used for ascitic fluid:serum ratio comparisons between the two groups. Multivariate analyses were used to determine the most significant biochemical ratio predictors for the differential diagnosis and a recursive partitioning model was constructed. Highly positive correlations (r>0.50) were found between the ratios IgA, IgG, IgM, CER, alpha2 MG, HAP, alpha1AT, alpha1AG and TRF. There was evidence that TPR, ALB, LAC, FER, IgG, CER, alpha2MG, alpha1AT, alpha1AG, TRF and IL-8 ascitic fluid:serum ratios are significnatly higher in patients with malignant neoplasms than in cirrhotics. In the recursive partitioning model the most significant parameters were found to be the ratios of albumin and IL-1alpha. The model fitted allowed for 100% correct classification of ascites. In conclusion, we have shown that a simple and very accurate model based on two ascitic fluid: serum measurements is able to differentiate between malignant and non-malignant ascites.
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PMID:Use of a variety of biological parameters in distinguishing cirrhotic from malignant ascites. 1128 54

We have investigated the prevalence of positive serology for coeliac disease in pregnant women, using the IgA anti-endomysium antibody test. Five of 216 pregnant women with a haemoglobin less than 11 g/dl were positive, compared to 0/350 with haemoglobin > or = 11 g/dl. Four of these five had low plasma ferritin levels, indicative of iron deficiency anaemia; the fifth was borderline normal. We found no association between positive coeliac disease serology and folate deficiency. None of thirty mothers of children born with neural tube defects were IgA anti-endomysium antibody positive. This study has identified a very high prevalence of occult coeliac disease in pregnancy and a strong association with anaemia. We advise that in cases with a haemoglobin of less than 11 g/dl in pregnancy, coeliac disease should be excluded.
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PMID:Coeliac disease, anaemia and pregnancy. 1159 8

Ferritin-binding proteins circulating in mammalian blood are thought to be involved in the clearance of ferritin. The present study characterizes canine serum autoantibodies (IgM and IgA) that react with ferritin. Canine IgM and IgA bound to bovine spleen ferritin as well as canine liver ferritin. To examine the specificity of canine IgM and IgA to ferritin H and L subunits, we used canine heart ferritin and canine liver ferritin with H/L subunit ratios of 3.69 and 0.43, respectively. Canine IgM and IgA recognized both of the H- and L-subunit-rich isoferritins, showing that their binding activities to ferritin depend on the H-subunit content. Recombinant bovine H-chain ferritin homopolymer expressed in a baculovirus expression system bound more with IgM and IgA than the recombinant L-chain homopolymer expressed under the same conditions. These results suggest that canine IgM and IgA recognize H-subunit-rich isoferritins, and that H-subunit-rich isoferritins are cleared from the circulation more rapidly than L-subunit-rich isoferritins.
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PMID:Characterization of autoantibodies to ferritin in canine serum. 1204 24

Increase in the number of blood platelets to over 1,000,000/mm3 in elderly patients is generally considered secondary to a myeloproliferative or neoplastic disease. To report the case of an elderly woman hospitalized for extreme thrombocytosis associated with severe anaemia, who was found to be suffering from coeliac disease. The patient, aged 83 years, was hospitalized presenting with fatigue. Laboratory tests showed microcytic hypochromic anaemia (haemoglobin 4 g/dl) and extreme thrombocytosis (platelet count 1,400,000/mm3). Physical examination was normal, with the exception of marked thinness. There was no evidence of macroscopic bleeding from the gastrointestinal or genitourinary tracts. She had never suffered from gastrointestinal problems and had no family history of gastroenterological diseases. Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy and histology of the gastric and duodenal mucosa evidenced atrophic gastritis and an adenomatous polyp. The duodenal mucosa showed total villous atrophy, suggesting the diagnosis of coeliac disease. Antiendomysial IgA and anti-transglutaminase IgA antibodies were also positive. Colonoscopy was negative. An ultrasound examination of the abdomen was normal, and the spleen was within the normal range. A peripheral blood smear showed no alterations in erythrocyte morphology typical of hyposplenism due to coeliac disease. The platelet count decreased rapidly after blood transfusions, when both serum iron and ferritin levels were still below normal limits. Furthermore, we observed a significant inverse correlation between the platelet count and haemoglobin concentration (r = -0.94, P < 0.003). Platelet count and red blood cell count normalized after 2 months of a gluten-free diet; the haemoglobin concentration was also normal at this time. After 1 year of following a gluten-free diet, the patient remained well and had no complaints. There were no gastrointestinal disturbances. All haematological parameters were within normal limits. Intestinal biopsies showed normal villi and crypts without inflammatory infiltration of the lamina propria. This case shows that the association of haematological signs--extreme thrombocytosis and severe anaemia--considered in an elderly patient to be typical of myeloproliferative disorders or neoplastic conditions can be due to coeliac disease; thus, coeliac disease must also be considered among the possible diagnoses.
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PMID:Extreme thrombocytosis as a sign of coeliac disease in the elderly: case report. 1217 15


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