Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P02794 (ferritin)
 17,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Intravaginal immunization causes IgA responses in vaginal fluid, but so far lymphoid nodules in mouse vaginal mucosa have not been detected. The present study was therefore designed to test the hypothesis that IgA responses in the female reproductive tract may be generated in the regional iliac lymph nodes. Two, non-mucosal sites were identified in the female mouse pelvis, the subserous and presacral spaces, from which lymph drains mainly to the iliac nodes. Immunization at these pelvic sites with horse ferritin adsorbed to aluminum hydroxide (AH) caused much higher IgA and IgG titres in vaginal fluid than intravaginal immunization; moreover, the pelvic immunizations caused significantly higher and better sustained IgA titres in vaginal fluid than subcutaneous immunization near the scapulae or in the perineum, while IgG titres in vaginal fluid were similar in these groups. Additional mice were immunized with ferritin subcutaneously near the scapulae or in the presacral pelvic space using dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium bromide (DDA), AH plus muramyl dipeptide, or the Ribi adjuvant system as adjuvants. Pelvic immunization caused higher IgA titres in vaginal fluid than subcutaneous immunization in each case. The IgA response stimulated by DDA was similar to that produced by AH but higher than the responses caused by the other two adjuvants, while IgG titres were similar with all four adjuvants in both sites. The results suggest that non-mucosal, pelvic immunization is particularly effective in stimulating IgA responses in the female reproductive tract. The observation is consistent with the possibility that the iliac lymph nodes may play a role in the development of IgA responses in the reproductive tract.
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PMID:Secretory immune responses in mouse vaginal fluid after pelvic, parenteral or vaginal immunization. 235 56

The presence of various proteins (mostly serum proteins) has been investigated in the chorionic villi of human placentas in the first term of gestation. The peroxidase-antiperoxidase method was employed. In normal chorionic tissue, i.e. obtained from therapeutic abortions, a positive staining for alpha 1-antitrypsin (A1AT), alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (A1AC), albumin and IgG was observed in syncytiotrophoblast but not in cytotrophoblast. Staining for other proteins, including fibrinogen, antithrombin III (AT III), lysozyme, ferritin, orosomucoid, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), IgA, IgM and alpha 2-macroglobulin (A2M), was always negative in the trophoblast. Similar results were obtained in only a few cases of tissue obtained from spontaneous abortions which occurred during the first term of pregnancy. In the majority of spontaneous abortions a different immunohistochemical pattern was observed. The syncytiotrophoblast was immunonegative in the majority of cases, especially for albumin, whereas the cytotrophoblast showed a positive (although variable) reaction to A1AT, A1AC, albumin, IgG and orosomucoid antibodies. There is no evidence to indicate whether these differences are the cause or the secondary result of the spontaneous abortions, but we can hypothesize that they reflect an alteration of pinocytic functions of the trophoblast during the spontaneous abortions.
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PMID:Serum proteins in human chorionic villi in the first trimester of pregnancy. An immunohistochemical study on normal tissue and tissue obtained from spontaneous abortions. 243 Aug 43

M cells of intestinal epithelia overlying lymphoid follicles endocytose luminal macromolecules and microorganisms and deliver them to underlying lymphoid tissue. The effect of luminal secretory IgA antibodies on adherence and transepithelial transport of antigens and microorganisms by M cells is unknown. We have studied the interaction of monoclonal IgA antibodies directed against specific enteric viruses, or the hapten trinitrophenyl (TNP), with M cells. To produce monospecific IgA antibodies against mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) and reovirus type 1, Peyer's patch cells from mucosally immunized mice were fused with myeloma cells, generating hybridomas that secreted virus-specific IgA antibodies in monomeric and polymeric forms. One of two anti-MMTV IgA antibodies specifically bound the viral surface glycoprotein gp52, and 3 of 10 antireovirus IgA antibodies immunoprecipitated sigma 3 and mu lc surface proteins. 35S-labeled IgA antibodies injected intravenously into rats were recovered in bile as higher molecular weight species, suggesting that secretory component had been added on passage through the liver. Radiolabeled or colloidal gold-conjugated mouse IgA was injected into mouse, rat, and rabbit intestinal loops containing Peyer's patches. Light microscopic autoradiography and EM showed that all IgA antibodies (antivirus or anti-TNP) bound to M cell luminal membranes and were transported in vesicles across M cells. IgA-gold binding was inhibited by excess unlabeled IgA, indicating that binding was specific. IgG-gold also adhered to M cells and excess unlabeled IgG inhibited IgA-gold binding; thus binding was not isotype-specific. Immune complexes consisting of monoclonal anti-TNP IgA and TNP-ferritin adhered selectively to M cell membranes, while TNP-ferritin alone did not. These results suggest that selective adherence of luminal antibody to M cells may facilitate delivery of virus-antibody complexes to mucosal lymphoid tissue, enhancing subsequent secretory immune responses or facilitating viral invasion.
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PMID:Binding and transepithelial transport of immunoglobulins by intestinal M cells: demonstration using monoclonal IgA antibodies against enteric viral proteins. 254 Nov 37

A survey of recent knowledge on structure and importance of lactoferrin and ferritin is given. Lactoferrin is a symmetrically constructed glycoprotein which appears in the milk and in the body fluids and develops a bacteriostatic efficiency on account of the ability to Fe-binding together with other factors such as the IgA. In a particularly high concentration it is contained in the colostral milk of the woman. In the milk of the cattle the content is small. In the neutrophil granulocytes it is of importance for the functional ability in the phagocytosis. The ferritins are spherically constructed molecules which possess channels through which Fe-ions (up to 4,500 pro molecule) can be taken up or taken off. The ferritin content in the serum is correlated with the Fe-content of the liver and is dependent upon age as well as the Fe-supply. It decreases in Fe-deficiency: it increases in iron overload, in infectious diseases, in inflammation as well as in tumour development.
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PMID:[Recent knowledge of the structure and function of lactoferrin and ferritin]. 266 92

The sera of 263 women--217 infertile and 46 pregnant--were examined by various serological methods (precipitation test, agglutination, indirect immunofluorescence) to detect Candida guilliermondii var. guilliermondii (C.g.) infection. The precipitation reaction was performed with extracellular C. guilliermondii antigen, the agglutination reaction was employed parallel with C. albicans. In the infertile group 122 (56.2%) proved to be C.g. positive, while in the fertile 11 women (23.9%) proved to be so, the level of significance being p less than 0.0001 between the two groups. A one-month ketoconazole treatment (one tablet, 200 mg/day) was adequate for eliminating the C.g. infection. In a few cases hystological examinations were also performed according to Gomori-Grocott and yeast cells could be detected in the stroma of the ovary. IgA, IgG, IgM, Gc-globulin, transferrin and ferritin determinations were carried out before and after the ketoconazole treatment, and there were significant differences in the IgM and transferrin levels between the infected and non-infected groups. The authors achieved 5 pregnancies of 56 treated women in 6 months.
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PMID:Candida guilliermondii var. guilliermondii infection in infertile women. 269 88

Immunization in the Peyer's patches of rats with horse spleen ferritin or Escherichia coli 06 carrying type 1 pili resulted in an IgA antibody response detected in milk and bile and an IgG and IgM antibody response in serum, milk, and bile. The IgA antibody response to type 1 pili was as a mean 5.0-fold higher in milk than in bile. In contrast IgA antibody activity to 06 LPS was as a mean 6.3-fold higher in bile than in milk. The IgA antibodies to ferritin were randomly distributed between milk and bile. The IgG and IgM antibody activity to all three antigens studied were higher in the milk than in the bile. The secretory antibody response could be transferred from immunized rats to unimmunized rats with mesenteric lymph node cells (MLN) taken from donor rats 4 days after immunization in the Peyer's patches. IgA antibodies to pili and ferritin appeared solely in the milk of the recipients, whereas IgA antibodies to the 06 LPS only appeared in the bile. The ratios serum:milk and serum:bile for the IgG and IgM antibodies indicated an antigen-specific direction of homing with local production of these two isotypes primarily in the mammary gland. Antibody-forming cells of the IgA class could not be detected in the MLN on the day the cells were transferred. It is concluded that the difference seen in antibody distribution between milk and bile is not due to dissemination of antigen, but instead a result of different homing or expansion at the mucosal-glandular site dependent on the antigen specificity of the migrating cells.
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PMID:The localization of the antibody response in milk or bile depends on the nature of the antigen. 287 67

The concentrations of tissue-polypeptide antigen (TPA), ferritin, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (alpha 1-aGP), transthyretin (TBPA), alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-Pi), alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2-MG), C-reactive protein and IgA were determined in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid of 13 patients with chronic bronchitis and 11 with bronchial carcinoma and accompanying bronchitis. Measurement of TPA, alpha 1-Pi, ferritin and transthyretin provides useful additional information in the diagnosis of bronchial carcinoma. The ratios of TPA/TBPA, alpha 1-Pi/TBPA and alpha 1-aGP/TBPA differentiate highly sensitively between bronchial carcinoma and chronic bronchitis.
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PMID:[Bronchoalveolar lavage. The humoral parameter spectrum in bronchial carcinoma and chronic bronchitis]. 300 82

Mice were immunized with a protein antigen, horse ferritin, by eight different routes and the immune responses in the reproductive tract were compared by measuring specific IgA and IgG in vaginal fluid and by localizing anti-ferritin plasma cells in uterine horns, cervix and vagina. The eight routes of immunization were: subcutaneous with Freund's adjuvant (s.c.), intragastric (i.g.), intravaginal (i.v.), s.c.-i.g., s.c.-i.v., i.g.-i.v., i.v.-i.v. and s.c.-i.g.-i.v. The largest overall response, considering both IgA and IgG antibodies, was obtained by s.c. priming with ferritin in adjuvant followed by i.v. boosting. Intravaginal immunization also boosted priming by the i.g., s.c.-i.g. and i.v. routes, but the response to i.v. immunization alone was weak. All i.v. immunizations stimulated mainly IgA antibody responses in vaginal fluid. Specific plasma cells, mostly of the IgG isotype, were present in the vaginal fornix of several mice in the s.c.-i.v. and s.c.-i.g.-i.v. groups, but none were detected there in any other group and they were only rarely observed in the uterine horns. The results provide data on the relative effectiveness of different routes of immunization in producing a humoral immune response in vaginal fluid against a non-replicating antigen.
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PMID:A comparison of specific antibody responses in mouse vaginal fluid after immunization by several routes. 307 26

We have examined the effect of targeting an antigen to the immune system, by covalently coupling it to anti-immunoglobulin (Ig), on its efficacy for T cell stimulation in vitro and its immunogenicity for antibody production in vivo. In vitro, we compared the potency (for stimulation of a ferritin-specific T cell line) of free ferritin, ferritin coupled to goat antimouse IgM (heavy (H) chain specific), ferritin coupled to anti-IgG (H and light (L) chain specific), or ferritin coupled to anti-IgA (H chain specific), as well as a mixture of free ferritin plus goat anti-IgG. The ferritin coupled to anti-IgM or to anti-IgG (H + L), which could bind to surface Ig of B cells, stimulated T cell proliferation at concentrations of ferritin at least 10-fold lower than those required for the other forms of the antigen over the entire time course of the response, with 1000 rad-irradiated spleen cells as presenting cells. Because the goat antibodies were all of the same IgG isotype and coupling ratio, the failure of goat anti-IgA to enhance potency served as a control to exclude Fc receptor binding as the mechanism. The effect was not due to the nonspecific activation of B cells to become more efficient antigen-presenting cells, because mixtures of ferritin plus anti-IgG (H + L) had no effect, and the anti-IgG coupled to ferritin did not enhance presentation of myoglobin to a myoglobin-specific T cell line. The enhanced presentation of ferritin conjugated to goat anti-IgG (H + L) or to anti-IgM was sensitive to radiation doses greater than 2000 R, and was effective at less than one-tenth the number of spleen cells, consistent with the predominance of B cells as antigen-presenting cells for this form of the antigen rather than macrophages and dendritic cells only. When B cells and accessory cells were purified from T-depleted spleen cells, only the B cell preparation but not the accessory cell population manifested enhanced presentation of ferritin coupled to anti-IgG compared with free ferritin, and it was radiosensitive. Finally, allogeneic B cells could not mediate the enhancement in the presence of syngeneic splenic accessory cells (SAC); therefore, the enhancement was not due to shedding of immune complexes from B cells and subsequent presentation by SAC. We conclude that targeting the antigen to B cells as presenting cells greatly enhances its efficacy in vitro.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Enhancement of antigenic potency in vitro and immunogenicity in vivo by coupling the antigen to anti-immunoglobulin. 307 11

Indicators of iron status, markers of inflammatory processes, serum immunoglobulins and C3 and C4 components of complement were assessed in 142 children 10-months old. All the iron parameters and most of the indicators of humoral immunity were correlated with markers of inflammation. Sixty-two children presented biochemical indications of inflammation (high CRP or orosomucoid level, or hyperleukocytosis), while 80 children were free of it. In the latter group, the use of a combination of iron indicators enabled separation of iron-sufficient children from those with different degrees of iron deficiency, ranging from iron depletion to iron-deficiency anemia. Serum IgG and IgA were significantly lower only in the group of iron-depleted children. Serum ferritin was significantly positively correlated with IgA, IgM and C4. Iron depletion may be responsible for a decrease humoral immunity. This effect was not visible at more advanced stages of iron deficiency.
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PMID:Iron deficiency, inflammatory processes and humoral immunity in children. 317 97


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