Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P02794 (ferritin)
 17,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cytologic examination and determination of tumor markers (PHI, LDH, alpha-1-glycoprotein, alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein, beta 2-microglobulin, ferritin [corrected], sialic acid, IgE, fetoprotein, CEA, beta HCG and beta 1-SP-glycoprotein) were carried out in pleural fluid samples obtained from 70 patients with suspected neoplasia. Tumor markers were also determined in sera. The protein content of all pleural effusions was greater than or equal to 3 g/dl. Patients were grouped according to diagnosis as follows: (a) 42 with neoplastic diseases (7 mesotheliomas and 19 lung, 4 ovarian, 3 breast and 8 miscellaneous cancers), (b) 22 with benign inflammations and (c) 6 with congestive effusions. Of the parameters examined, only CEA and beta-HCG [corrected] gave information that the effusion was probably malignant. Using 6 ng/ml as cut-off for CEA and 10 mIU/ml for beta HCG, the sensitivity was 57.1% and 45.2%, respectively, specificity was 92.8% for both parameters and test efficiency 0.75 and 0.69, respectively. When CEA and beta HCG were considered together sensitivity increased to 73.8% and efficiency to 0.78. CEA and/or beta HCG were positive in the pleural effusions of 19 of the 20 malignant pleural effusions, all with a negative cytologic examination, which subsequently became positive in 8. Because of their high specificity, these two parameters are a useful tool and can be routinely measured to evaluate pleural effusions of dubious origin, even if CEA and beta HCG cannot, on [corrected] their own, define the primary malignancy.
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PMID:Detection of malignant pleural effusions by tumor marker evaluation. 340 38

Three human cell lines from adenocarcinomas of the extrahepatic biliary tract were established in permanent tissue culture. Mz-ChA-1 and Mz-ChA-2 were cultured from mechanically dissociated gallbladder adenocarcinoma metastases and SK-ChA-1 was grown from malignant ascites of a patient with primary adenocarcinoma of the extrahepatic biliary tree. Cell doubling times in tissue culture are 3-4 days for Mz-ChA-1 and approximately 2 days for Mz-ChA-2 and SK-ChA-1. All three tumour cell lines were successfully transplanted to nude mice, inducing progressive tumour growth. Histologically, nude mouse tumours resembled the original adenocarcinomas. In vitro formation of gland-like structures were regularly seen in Mz-ChA-1 and Mz-ChA-2 but only occasionally in SK-ChA-1. All three cell lines formed contacts through interdigitating processes with desmosomes and junctional complexes. On scanning electron microscopy, an abundance of microvilli was seen at the cell surfaces. Chromosome analyses of all three tumour cell lines showed a wide range of numerical abnormalities and presence of marker chromosomes. Mz-ChA-1 appears to be highly differentiated with cells producing mucus. Mz-ChA-2 synthesizes components of complement C2, C3 and C5, while Mz-ChA-1 and SK-ChA-1 produce only C3 in detectable quantities. In addition, Mz-ChA-2 supernatants are positive for ferritin and alpha 1-fetoprotein, but not CEA; while Mz-ChA-1 and SK-ChA-1 produce only CEA. Supernatants of all three cell lines are positive for N-acetyl neuraminic acid (NANA), phosphohexoisomerase (PHI) and LDH, and negative for alpha 2-macroglobulin, alpha 1-anti-trypsin, gamma-GT, AP, coeruloplasmin, haptoglobin and albumin. A high cloning efficiency renders these new tumour cell lines suitable for continued studies on clonal heterogeneity in malignant tumours. The establishment of these cell lines in tissue culture facilitates further studies on the biology of upper gastrointestinal tract cancer in man.
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PMID:Biliary adenocarcinoma. Characterisation of three new human tumor cell lines. 405 57

Serum beta 2 microglobulin levels, measured by radioimmunoassay (Phadebas test), were found increased in acute myeloid leukemias at diagnosis. Serum beta 2 microglobulin levels were significantly higher in patients with monocytic leukemias (13 patients, M4-M5 FAB classification) than in those with other cytological types (18 patients). Beta 2 microglobulin levels at diagnosis were correlated with serum lysozyme levels, but they were not correlated with blood blast counts, serum LDH and ferritin levels. 195 serum beta 2 microglobulin measurements were made serially in 30 patients with acute myeloid leukemias in first remission. Compared to values at diagnosis, beta 2 microglobulin levels in remission were significantly decreased. Out of 30 patients in remission 12 had increased serum beta 2 microglobulin levels (greater than 3 mg/l). Serial measurements were not predictive for relapses.
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PMID:Serum beta 2 microglobulin in adult myeloid acute leukemias. 637 Mar 39

Neuroblastoma (NB) is a common tumor of childhood, presenting "unique" characteristics: i.e., different prognosis in relation to age, high rate of metastases at diagnosis, capacity of spontaneous regression, strong immunogenicity. The embryologic derivation of NB has been recently clarified: NB derives from the embrional sympathetic nervous tissue; its enzymatic activity is determined mainly by environmental factors. A number of clinical and laboratory aspects influence the fate of children with NB: extention of disease and age are the most important, followed by site of primary, histology, pattern of metastatic spread, immunologic characteristics. Among laboratory tests, many are correlated with the clinical course: urinary excretion of sympathetic amines, serum levels of ferritin, C3 complement fraction, LDH, IgM, neurono-specific enolase. In the recent years the development of monoclonal antibodies techniques has greatly improved. In NB, a number of membrane molecule determinants have been discovered, against which specific monoclonal antibodies can be profitably directed for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. NB cells grow in vitro in the soft agar system; in this assay resistance and sensitivity of tumor cells can be tested with sufficient accuracy and may predict drug effect in vivo. Therapy of disseminated neuroblastoma is unsatisfactory till now. Promising techniques include autologous or allogeneic bone marrow infusion following supralethal chemotherapy, and administration of substances, such as retnoids, able to promote neuroblastoma cells differentiation in vivo.
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PMID:[Neuroblastoma]. 639 28

The authors have analysed 94 consecutive previously untreated children affected by NB diagnosed at the Giannina Gaslini Children's Hospital in the period January 1972 - December 1981. Age at diagnosis ranged between 1 month - 16 years (median 2 years). Diagnosis was made on histological grounds in 82 cases, on clinical, instrumental and laboratory data in the remaining 12 cases. Evans' staging system was adopted for classifying the disease extent. Patient recruitment was 9.4 cases for year. Female sex slightly prevailed in our series. 17 patients had localized disease (stage I and II), all surviving since 27 - 90 months. 28 children had regional disease (stage III) half of whom are presently alive. Five of the 47 cases with disseminated disease are alive at the time of this study; only one of these 5 can be considered cured, having been followed since more than 4 years. One of the two IV-s stage children survives disease-free at 89 months. 49% of patients were 2-year old or less at diagnosis while only 2 patients were older than 10. Survival was best in children diagnosed under one year of age, lowest in the 2 - 6 year age group. 74% of patients had their primary located in the abdomen (36 in the adrenal, 16 in sympathetic ganglia, 18 in un unidentifable site). Prognosis was worse in these patients compared with those with primary in the thorax, neck and pelvis. The clinical presentation of the disease has been extremely various: most patients had a diagnosis different from the definitive one, and were accordingly treated usually for several weeks or even months. Among laboratory data, urinary catecholamine metabolites, serum LDH and serum ferritin represented the most suitable indices of disease activity. Among immunological studies, none has shown a good correlation with the extent of the disease, nor with the clinical course. Stage I children had only surgery as treatment, while in stage II surgical ablation was followed by short-lasting chemotherapy and radiotherapy in few cases. In stage III and IV more complex multidisciplinary approach was utilized in the attempt to achieve a complete tumor regression. While about a half stage III cases appears curable by these treatment modalities, little impact has been demonstrated by this therapy in widespread disease, although the use of well-designed protocols seems have improved the complete remission rate and the median length of survival.
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PMID:[Neuroblastoma at the Giannina Gaslini Institute. Analysis of 94 cases diagnosed 1972-1981]. 663 42

The correlation between the formation of immune complexes and platelet aggregation and release was studied in pig plasma. The pigs were hyperimmunized with a multivalent antigen, horse ferritin. The ability of the antisera to form precipitating (insoluble) and soluble immune complexes was measured and correlated with the concomitant platelet aggregation and release of serotonin and LDH. Aggregation ws measured by aggregometry, differential centrifugation, and electron microscopy, and release by [14C]serotonin and LDH loss. Aggregation correlated with release (r = 0.84, p < 0.001), but no correlation was found between antibody titer or varying antigen concentrations and platelet [14C]serotonin release. A positive correlation was found between platelet [14C]serotonin release and precipitating immune complexes (r = 0.68, p < 0.001) and a negative correlation with soluble complexes (r = -0.78, p < 0.001). Maximal precipitation of insoluble complexes was complete within 30 sec or less, was independent of temperature, and obeyed the laws of mass action and of optimal ratios of antigen and antibody concentrations (equivalence zone). Platelet aggregation and serotonin release in plasma and precipitating immune complex formation were both maximal at antigen-antibody equivalence and undetectable at marked antigen or antibody excess. These results suggest that immune complex precipitation may initiate platelet aggregation and release in plasma and that the reaction may be at least partially blocked by soluble immune complexes.
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PMID:Platelet aggregation and release associated with immune complex formation in pig plasma. 741 56

We report the hematologic and clinical features of four adult patients (Pts.) with sickle cell anemia and iron-limited erythropoiesis. Two of the Pts. had spontaneous iron deficiency (chronic GI bleeding, low-grade hemoglobinuria). In the other two Pts. iron restriction was induced by periodic RBC aphereses as part of a pilot protocol designed to decrease intracellular HbS polymerization by MCHC reduction. Iron-limited erythropoiesis was defined by reduction in red cell indices (MCV range 60.4-67 fl) in the presence of low serum ferritin (range < 10-20 ng/ml). In these Pts. iron restriction did not cause clinically significant worsening of the anemia (Hb 7.8-9.0 g/dl). In two Pts. the anemia actually improved. Other hematologic effects of iron restriction were: decreased MCHC, reticulocyte count, RDW, and dense cells. A reduced hemolytic rate was suggested by a lowering of serum bilirubin and LDH. In one of the Pts. the 51Cr RBC T1/2 survival increased from 12 to 16 days. The intracellular HbS polymer fractions (fp) were determined at 25% O2 by Csat and with the use of the conservation of mass equation. The baseline fp values ranged from 0.48-0.53. After iron restriction they ranged from 0.33-0.48. The fp decreased even though iron-limited erythropoiesis also lowered the Hb F concentration in three of our Pts. In one of the two Pts. with induced iron depletion, hospitalization days for pain crises decreased from an average of 4.5 days/month (2 year baseline period) to an average of 0.5 days/month in the 3 year follow-up after iron depletion. The second patient with induced iron restriction experienced the rapid healing of a leg ulcer. Controlled iron restriction should be explored as a therapeutic strategy in selected SS patients.
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PMID:Improvement of sickle cell anemia by iron-limited erythropoiesis. 766 35

The prognosis for patients with neuroblastoma is related to the age and stage at time of presentation, as well as to the presence or absence of biological markers such as N-myc amplification and the degree of DNA ploidy. However, previous studies have shown that neuroblastoma in the thoracic site also is a favorable prognostic indicator, in that children with mediastinal neuroblastoma have a better survival rate, regardless of age or stage at time of presentation. This study was designed to evaluate the biological differences between thoracic and nonthoracic neuroblastoma with respect to N-myc amplification, DNA index as a measure of DNA ploidy, serum lactate dehydrogenase levels, and serum ferritin levels. Patients enrolled in the Pediatric Oncology Group study protocols for neuroblastoma were evaluated retrospectively, and log-rank analysis allowed the impact of each biological variable on survival to be determined for each cohort of patients. There were 1,335 neuroblastoma patients in the data base; 227 had thoracic-site neuroblastoma. Through analysis, it was apparent that patients with thoracic neuroblastoma have better survival rates than do their nonthoracic counterparts (P < .0001), and they are less likely to have N-myc amplification (P = .001), more likely to have an LDH level of less than 1,500 (P < .0001), and usually have a DNA index of greater than 1 (P < .003). Both thoracic and nonthoracic patients have low serum ferritin levels (86% of thoracic versus 83% of nonthoracic patients).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Biological variables in thoracic neuroblastoma: a Pediatric Oncology Group study. 773 54

Recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) was given subcutaneously three times per week in an escalating dose from 500 u/kg to 950 u/kg together with ferrous fumarate 305 mg and folic acid 5 mg/d, to 10 patients from four unrelated Arab families with homozygous beta-thalassaemia. Six splenectomized patients showed a mean (+/- standard error) increase in haemoglobin from 7.1 +/- 0.1 to 9.3 +/- 0.1 g/dl (P = 0.0001), in RBC from 4.0 to 5.0 x 10(12)/l (P = 0.0001) and in nucleated RBC from 32 +/- 7 x 10(10)/l to 82 +/- 6 x 10(10)/l while receiving 750 u/kg three times per week which persisted for 4-11 months. In two patients there was no need for further blood transfusions. In three out of four unsplenectomized patients there were no changes in Hb and RBC despite dose escalation. There were no significant changes in MVC, MCH and reticulocyte count, serum bilirubin, LDH, malonyldialdehyde (MDA) and vitamin E levels. After 13 weeks of rHuEPO there was a mean increase in the percentage of F cells from 31 +/- 10% to 86 +/- 6% (P < 0.003) in three splenectomized patients and in one unsplenectomized patient from 56.4% to 80% without changes in the levels of Hb F. Globin chain synthesis ratios did not change in four responding patients. Mean serum iron and transferrin saturation index did not change, whereas mean serum ferritin increased from 299 +/- 45 micrograms/l to 480 +/- 20 micrograms/l (P < 0.001). In seven responding patients an accelerated linear growth was indicated by positive changes in height standard deviation score for chronological age. Side-effects were minimal throughout the treatment period.
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PMID:Sustained increase in haemoglobin and RBC following long-term administration of recombinant human erythropoietin to patients with homozygous beta-thalassaemia. 779 54

Three cases of familial haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis are presented with lung infiltration by haemophagocytic histiocytes. In all patients the diagnosis was based on hepatosplenomegaly, thrombocytopenia and anaemia, abnormal increase in triglycerides, ferritin and LDH, hypofibrinogenaemia and lymphohistiocytosis with haemophagocytosis in bone marrow. Two patients died of respiratory failure due to interstitial pneumonia. In these two patients the pneumonia was obscured and misinterpreted by the pathologists. A careful re-examination revealed lymphohistiocytosis and haemophagocytic cells within the lung parenchyma. The third patient showed alveolar wall infiltration by haemophagocytic histiocytes and lymphocytes. In early childhood acute or recurrent interstitial pneumonia should prompt a search for haemophagocytic histiocytes, and familial haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis should be included in the differential diagnosis.
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PMID:Familial haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. A report of three cases with unusual lung involvement. 786 84


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