Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P02794 (ferritin)
 17,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The cells in intratubular germ cell neoplasia in the vicinity of 38 germ cell tumors of the testis, including 20 pure seminomas, were studied for the expression of beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m), the constant component of all HLA class I molecules. Immunohistochemistry using antibodies towards beta 2m, vimentin, placental alkaline phosphatase, and ferritin was employed. Whereas the intratubular cells in normal testis are beta 2m negative, beta 2m positive cells were identified in intratubular germ cell neoplasia tubules in 55 per cent of all tumors and in 60 per cent of the seminomas. The tubules with beta 2m positive cells were located in areas with invasive tumor or in the vicinity of such areas. The beta 2m positive cells were identified as Sertoli cells by morphology and by their staining with anti-vimentin. Neoplastic germ cells, identified by morphology and staining with anti-placental alkaline phosphatase and anti-ferritin were beta 2-microglobulin negative. The most intensely beta 2m-stained Sertoli cells were found in tubules with high concentrations of neoplastic germ cells. Intensely stained Sertoli cells were also found in 'Sertoli cell only' tubules inside invasive tumors and in areas without lymphocytic infiltration. The cells in adjacent normal tubules were beta 2m negative.
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PMID:Sertoli cells of intratubular germ cell neoplasia express beta 2 microglobulin. 757 71

Itai-itai disease is a condition caused by long-term exposure of the inhabitants of Toyama prefecture, Japan, to cadmium intoxication. The characteristic clinical features of this disease include renal tubular dysfunction, osteomalacia, and anemia. In order to clarify the pathogenesis of the anemia, the red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, serum iron level, total iron-binding capacity, serum ferritin level, serum erythropoietin level, creatinine clearance, fractional excretion of beta 2-microglobulin, and bone marrow morphology were determined in ten patients with Itai-itai disease. Low serum iron or ferritin levels were not observed, and bone marrow aspiration did not reveal any specific hematological disorders. A close relationship was observed between the decrease in the hemoglobin level and the progression of renal dysfunction. Low serum erythropoietin levels were detected despite the presence of severe anemia. These results suggest an important role of renal damage in the anemia which develops in Itai-itai disease.
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PMID:Hypoproduction of erythropoietin contributes to anemia in chronic cadmium intoxication: clinical study on Itai-itai disease in Japan. 785 2

Blood serum levels of stage-specific antigens were measured by radioimmunoassay and immunodiffusion methods in patients with acute pyelonephritis at various stages of traditional antibacterial therapy and ultraviolet autoblood irradiation. Under study were ferritin, beta 2-microglobulin, C-reactive protein, transferrin, alpha 2-macroglobulin, and haptoglobin levels. Kinetics of the measured proteins was demonstrated and the possibility of applying their identification to assessment of treatment efficacy shown. The levels of these proteins are shown to be not only indicators of inflammation and destruction in pyelonephritis, but to reflect as well the repair reactions in the body which course most actively when UV irradiation of autoblood is added to multiple-modality treatment schemes.
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PMID:[Serum antigens in the evaluation of the effectiveness of pyelonephritis therapy]. 795 3

We showed previously that the abundance of serum albumin mRNA is decreased in H4-II-E rat hepatoma cells limited for a single essential amino acid (phenylalanine, methionine, leucine, or tryptophan). To define the specificity of this phenomenon, we examined the effect of amino acid limitation on the abundance of mRNAs for 19 genes in the H4-II-E cells. These genes included six genes whose expression is either completely liver-specific or highly enriched in the liver compared with other tissues [albumin, transthyretin (TTR), transferrin, carbamyl phosphate synthetase-I, urate oxidase, class I alcohol dehydrogenase], as well as a number of ubiquitously expressed "housekeeping" genes. The results indicated that the 19 genes could be divided into three classes based on their response to amino acid limitation. Class I genes (the six liver-specific genes and alpha-tubulin) exhibit decreased expression in response to amino acid limitation. The expression of class II genes [beta 2-microglobulin, hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT), H-ferritin, ubiquitin (UbB), insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4, HNF-1 alpha] is not significantly affected by amino acid limitation. Class III genes [gadd153, beta-actin, ubiquitin (UbC), phosphoglycerate kinase-1, C/EBP alpha, C/EBP beta] exhibit increased expression in response to amino acid limitation. Thus, specific inductive as well as repressive effects on gene expression are quite common in amino acid-limited cells. The observation that all six genes whose expression is liver-specific exhibited decreased expression in amino acid-limited cells suggests a common mode of regulation of these genes by amino acid availability. The strong induction by amino acid limitation of the C/EBP inhibitor gadd153 is of interest in this regard, as increased levels of gadd153 could interfere with C/EBP, which is required for high expression of most liver-specific genes. To investigate further the molecular mechanism for the decrease in albumin mRNA abundance, albumin nuclear transcript levels were quantified in control and tryptophan-limited cells. Tryptophan limitation caused a decrease in albumin nuclear transcript abundance, and this decrease preceded the decrease in albumin mRNA, suggesting that the decrease in albumin mRNA was caused at least partly by a decrease in albumin gene transcription. Additional experiments with actinomycin D indicated that albumin mRNA was also destabilized in the tryptophan-limited cells. Thus, the overall results indicate that the decrease in albumin mRNA in the tryptophan-limited cells is caused by a specific decrease in albumin nuclear transcript abundance and destabilization of albumin mRNA.
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PMID:Effect of amino acid limitation on the expression of 19 genes in rat hepatoma cells. 818 73

In a group of 74 patients with multiple myeloma the authors revealed elevated values of serum thymidine kinase (REA kit ADICO Praha, range of normal values 0-5 U/l) in 40% of the patients-incl. a group of 22 subjects examined at the time of diagnosis of the disease in 50%, and a group of 52 subjects examined in different stages of the disease in 36% of the patients. If the upper range of S-TK 10 U/l was used, the ratio of patients with a raised value declined to 15%, in selected groups to 18 and 14% resp. The authors found a satisfactory correlation of serum thymidine values and values of S-beta-microglobulin, S-albumin, with the percentage ratio of plasmocytes in bone marrow and a less significant correlation was found with the red cell sedimentation rate (in IgG and IgA type) to the index of paraprotein and the serum interleukin-6 level. The authors did not reveal significant differences of serum thymidine kinase levels with regard to age, sex and immunochemical type of M-protein and type of light chains. The authors did not reveal any correlation of thymidine kinase serum levels and haemoglobin values, S-ferritin levels, the beta 2-microglobulin index and the synthetic score of plasma cells. It was found that examination of S-thymidine kinase extends in a useful way the existing spectrum of laboratory tests which help to elucidate the individual character of multiple myeloma.
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PMID:[Serum thymidine kinase in multiple myeloma: I. Relation to selected laboratory indicators in the disease]. 818 66

The pathogenesis of anaemia associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection is still far from being understood. It cannot be explained by direct effects of the virus on the haematopoietic system. Recent data suggest a role for immune activation. In a cross-sectional study we compared blood cell counts, haemoglobin and erythropoietin levels of 63 HIV-seropositive individuals with immune activation markers (interferon-gamma, serum and urine neopterin, and beta 2-microglobulin) and with parameters or iron metabolism (serum iron, transferrin, free iron binding capacity, ferritin). We found significant correlations between the concentrations of haemoglobin and the immune activation markers and erythropoietin concentrations. Additional significant correlations existed between the parameters of iron metabolism and haemoglobin levels, and ferritin correlated inversely with transferrin. In sum, low haemoglobin levels in patients were associated with enhanced cellular immune activation, as seen by increased interferon-gamma, neopterin and beta 2-microglobulin, and with changes of iron metabolism: low haemoglobin was associated with low transferrin and free iron binding capacity and high ferritin levels. Endogenous release of cytokines such as interferon-gamma-inhibiting erythropoiesis may be one underlying cause of anaemia in these patients.
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PMID:Association between immune activation, changes of iron metabolism and anaemia in patients with HIV infection. 844 Mar 63

There is increased incidence of infectious complications in uremic patients, indicating impairment of cellular host defense in these patients. Several reports confirm metabolic and functional abnormalities of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) including altered adherence to endothelial cells, altered generation of reactive oxygen species, altered release of microbial enzymes, impaired chemotaxis, phagocytosis, intracellular killing of bacteria, altered carbohydrate metabolism, and/or impaired ATP formation. Several studies report on correlations between PMNL dysfunction, especially phagocytosis and oxidative burst, and ferritin content. Deferoxamine therapy improved PMNL function. Chronic renal failure is a state of increased cytosolic calcium. Increased cytosolic calcium is associated with several alterations of PMNL function and metabolism, which improve by normalization of cytosolic calcium either by calcium channel blockers or by lowering of elevated parathyroid hormone. Each hemodialysis session using bioincompatible membranes triggers neutrophil activation, evidenced by overexpression of adhesion molecules, elevation of cytosolic calcium, release of PMNL granular enzymes, and generation of reactive oxygen species. Several studies claim that this results in chronic downregulation of phagocyte function. Several granulocyte inhibitory compounds have been isolated and characterized from uremic serum. The uremic retention product p-cresol depresses respiratory burst activity. The following granulocyte inhibitory peptides could be isolated from dialysis patients: granulocyte inhibitory protein I and II with homology to light chain proteins and beta 2-microglobulin, degranulation inhibitory protein I and II being identical to angiogenin and complement factor D, and immunoglobulin light chains. These proteins inhibit PMNL function in nanomolar concentrations.
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PMID:Dysfunction of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in uremia. 873 62

As the clinical manifestations of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) can be quite diverse, useful indicators for the therapy and prognosis are required for the disease. In this review, the clinical and biological significance of serum tumor markers at diagnosis in ATL patients is described. Serum lactic dehydrogenase (S-LDH), serum thymidine kinase (S-TK) and serum parathyroid hormone-related protein (S-PTHrP) at diagnosis of ATL showed a correlation with among leukocyte count, absolute number of abnormal lymphocytes with polymorphic nuclei, platelet count, serum calcium and the length of survival after the initial diagnosis. Serum beta 2-microglobulin (S-beta 2M) correlated with age, platelet count and survival. A statistical correlation existed between these four serum tumor markers. Other serum tumor markers such as immunosuppressive acidic protein (S-IAP), ferritin (S-Ft) and tissue polypeptide antigen (S-TPA) showed no correlation with clinical and histological data in ATL patients.
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PMID:Clinical and biological significance of serum tumor markers in adult T-cell leukemia. 888 54

The examination of 150 patients with pleural exudate of different origin (43 cases of malignant and 107 cases of benign genesis) was made to elucidate diagnostic value of immunochemical serum and pleural fluid estimation of four tumor-associated proteins: carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-MG), placental alkaline phosphatase (PAP), ferritin; three acute-phase proteins: C-reactive protein (CRP), lactoferrin, fibrin degradation products (FDP); expression of epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) in e date cells using monoclonal antibodies ICO-25. Determination CEA, beta 2-MG in the serum and pleural fluid, antituberculous an bodies in biological fluids proved diagnostically valuable for verification of pleural exudate characteristics. The discriminant analysis provided formulas for this differential diagnosis. The method identification in pleural fluid of cells expressing EMA with the use of monoclonal antibodies ICO-25 was found to be 2 times more efficient in detection of cancer cells than the standard light microscopy.
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PMID:[Tumor-associated and acute-phase proteins in the diagnosis of cancerous exudative pleurisy]. 902 37

Serum soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) concentrations were measured in 50 patients with plasma cell dyscrasias using a commercially available immunoenzymatic assay kit. There were 40 patients with multiple myeloma (MM), 5 patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), 3 patients with solitary plasmacytoma (SPC), 1 patient with chronic myelogenous leukaemia and multiple myeloma (CML/MM), and 1 patient with plasma cell leukaemia (PCL). We found that serum sIL-6R concentrations were higher in MM patients (62.53 +/- 38.85 ng/ml) than in 20 normal volunteers studied (36.75 +/- 13.79 ng/ml) (p < 0.01). The cut-off value of 65 ng/ml seen in 2 of our controls was arbitrarily taken as the upper limit of the control range for serum sIL-6R; according to this criterion, 14 patients with MM (35%), 1 patient with SPC, the unique patient with CML + MM, and the unique patient with PCL had elevated concentrations of the receptor. Patients with MGUS had normal sIL-6R values. In MM patients, serum sIL-6R levels correlated with the clinical phase of the disease: they were elevated in patients with early or late active disease and ranged within normal limits in patients with plateau-phase disease (p < 0.001). Thirteen of 27 patients with active MM had elevated serum sIL-6R values, i.e. 48.1%, but only 1 out of 13 patients with disease in the plateau phase, i.e. 7.7% (p < 0.05). Furthermore, in the entire group of MM patients, serum sIL-6R levels correlated with the concentrations of serum beta 2-microglobulin, (p < 0.02), CRP (p < 0.01), ferritin (p < 0.01) and LDH (p < 0.01), while they did not correlate with disease stage, haemoglobin levels, proportion of marrow myeloma cells, the values of serum IL-6, the levels of serum albumin, or the grade of bone lesions. We conclude that elevated serum sIL-6R levels should be related to the growth of myeloma cells and suggest that serum sIL-6R concentrations may be used as an indicator of disease activity.
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PMID:Serum levels of soluble IL-6 receptor in multiple myeloma as indicator of disease activity. 915 60


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