Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Query: UNIPROT:P02794 (
ferritin
)
17,525
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
It is now well established that nitric oxide (NO) serves as a signaling molecule in plant cells. In this paper experimental data are presented which indicate that NO can stimulate the activation of cell division and embryogenic cell formation in leaf protoplast-derived cells of alfalfa in the presence of auxin. It was found that various NO-releasing compounds promoted auxin-dependent division (as shown by incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine) of leaf protoplast-derived alfalfa cells. In contrast, application of NO scavenger or NO synthesis inhibitor inhibited the same process. Both the promotion and the inhibition of cell cycle activation correlated with the amount and activity of the cognate alfalfa p34cdc2 protein Medsa;CDKA;1,2. The effect of l-NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) was transient, and protoplast-derived cells spending more than 3 days in culture become insensitive to the inhibitor as far as cell cycle progression was concerned. L-NMMA had no effect on the cell cycle parameters of cycling suspension-cultured cells, but had a moderate transient inhibitory effect on cells re-entering the cell cycle following phosphate starvation. Cycling cultured cells, however, could respond to NO, as indicated by the sodium nitroprusside (SNP)- and 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (PTIO)-dependent accumulation of the
ferritin
protein. Based on these observations, it is hypothesized that L-NMMA-sensitive generation of NO is involved in the activation, but not the progression of the plant cell division cycle. In addition, SNP promoted and L-NMMA delayed the exogenous auxin [2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (
2,4-D
)] concentration-dependent formation of embryogenic cell clusters expressing the MsSERK1 gene; this further supports a link between auxin- and NO-dependent signaling pathways in plant cells.
...
PMID:Nitric oxide is required for, and promotes auxin-mediated activation of, cell division and embryogenic cell formation but does not influence cell cycle progression in alfalfa cell cultures. 1614 24
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
(
2,4-D
) is an agricultural contaminant found in rural ground water. It remains to be determined whether neither
2,4-D
poses environmental risks, nor is the mechanism of toxicity known at the molecular level. To evaluate the potential ecological risk of
2,4-D
, we assessed the biological parameters including the survival rate, adult sex ratio of emerged adults, and mouthpart deformities in Chironomus riparius after long-term exposure to
2,4-D
. The larvae were treated with 0.1, 1 or, 10microgL(-1) of
2,4-D
for short- and long-term exposure periods. The sex ratio was changed in C. riparius exposed to only 10microgL(-1) of
2,4-D
, whereas mouthpart deformities were observed as significantly higher in C. riparius exposed to 0.1microgL(-1) of
2,4-D
. Survival rates were not significantly affected by
2,4-D
. Furthermore, we evaluated the molecular and biochemical responses of biomarker genes such as gene expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs), ferritins and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) in C. riparius exposed to
2,4-D
for 24h. The expressions of HSP70, HSP40, HSP90 and GST levels in C. riparius were significantly increased after exposure to a 10microgL(-1) concentration of
2,4-D
, whereas
ferritin
heavy and light chain gene expressions were significantly increased at all concentrations of
2,4-D
exposure. Finally, these results may provide an important contribution to our understanding of the toxicology of
2,4-D
herbicide in C. riparius. Moreover, the
2,4-D
-mediated gene expressions may be generated by
2,4-D
is the causative effects on most probable cause of the observed alterations. These biological, molecular and morphological parameters and the measured parameters can be used to monitor
2,4-D
toxicity in an aquatic environment.
...
PMID:Biological and molecular responses of Chironomus riparius (Diptera, Chironomidae) to herbicide 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid). 2013 40
