Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P02794 (ferritin)
 17,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In our study alcoholic patients with and without cirrhosis have a decreased serum zinc. They also have increased serum copper and iron with an increase in the serum ferritin. There is no evidence of selenium deficiency in either alcoholic group. Alcohol when given with zinc in a single dose to normal volunteers increases the serum zinc and therefore appears to increase the absorption of zinc.
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PMID:Trace elements and alcohol. 401 73

The diagnostic potential of the combined use of zinc-protoporphyrin (ZPP), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and haemoglobin measurements for discriminating between iron deficiency anaemia, beta-thalassaemia minor and lead poisoning has been studied. Lead poisoning could be identified by ZPP greater than 50 micrograms/dl in the presence of normal MCV or ZPP greater than 150 micrograms/dl in the presence of microcytosis (MCV less than 80 fl) with a sensitivity of 97% and specificity 94%. Beta-thalassaemia minor was identified by the coexistence of microcytosis and ZPP less than 50 micrograms/dl with a sensitivity of 91% and specificity 79%. Iron deficiency anaemia defined by the combination of microcytosis and ZPP ranging from 50 to 150 micrograms/dl was identified with a sensitivity of 95%, but the specificity was only 51%, with many of the patients overlapping with thalassaemia minor. This problem did not exist in iron-deficiency anaemia with haemoglobin less than 10 g/dl as at that range no patients with uncomplicated thalassaemia minor have been encountered. A great advantage of the combined use of ZPP, MCV and haemoglobin for the initial screening of microcytic anaemia is its ease of performance and low cost. However, this information should only be regarded as presumptive evidence of disease, requiring subsequent confirmation by appropriate direct measurements such as transferrin saturation, serum ferritin, haemoglobin electrophoresis, or blood lead determinations.
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PMID:Combined use of zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP), mean corpuscular volume and haemoglobin measurements for classifying microcytic RBC disorders in children and young adults. 407 41

Recently, the study of the physiological role of the essential trace elements is being emphasized. Some environmental and disease factors has been demonstrated to perturb trace element homeostasis. A number of recent studies have described alterations in serum copper levels (SCLs) and serum zinc levels (SZLs) in human cancer patients and the relationship between the magnitude of their perturbation and disease activity. This report describes SCLs, SZLs and SCL/SZL ratios in patients with malignant neoplasms of the urogenital tract at various clinical stages and the relationship of the levels of these trace elements to disease activity. According to SCLs before treatment, patients with renal cell carcinoma appeared to be separated into two groups, normal SCL group and higher SCL group. In the higher SCL group, patients generally displayed increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP, alpha 2 globulin, beta 2 microglobulin, ferritin and CEA. In this group, SCL was a useful index of disease activity. In the normal SCL group, SCLs remained within normal limit even in patients with advanced disease. In renal cell carcinoma, SZLs did not reflect disease activity. In transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract, patients with metastasis had significantly elevated SCLs and significantly decreased SZLs, compared with normal controls or patients without metastasis. In transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, no distinct relationships were observed between these trace elements and extent of malignancy. But there was a trend toward increasing SCLs and decreasing SZLs with progressing stage and SCL/SZL ratios fairly reflect stage of disease. Patients with prostatic cancer had nearly normal SCLs and SZLs, although there were a few exceptions. Testicular cancer patients with distant metastasis had significantly elevated SCLs and initially high SCLs decreased in patients responding to therapy and increased again in relapse. SZLs and, hence, SCL/SZL ratios had no relationship to activity of testicular cancer. Currently there is no satisfactory way of following the progress of malignancies of the urogenital tract except prostatic cancer with elevated acid phosphatase and non-seminomatous testicular tumors until the secondary tumor can be detected radiographically. Our study suggests that these trace element might be a useful indicator of disease activity of some of the urogenital malignancies.
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PMID:[Serum copper and zinc levels in patients with malignant neoplasm of the urogenital tract]. 408 94

A study was conducted at Charity Hospital, New Orleans, among 272 adolescent pregnant women to ascertain the relationship of pregnancy outcome to plasma zinc level measured once at the time of enrollment. Regression analyses were performed on zinc status versus parameters concerning success of pregnancy corrected for gestational stage at specimen collection. Analysis of variance was performed on groups according to presence or absence of complications, with analyses of covariance used to analyze dichotomous groups. Low, though widely variable, plasma zinc levels were found (mean = 58 +/- 12.6 micrograms/dl). Zinc values differed significantly by gestational stage at collection, the regression coefficient indicating a decline of 0.07 micrograms/dl/day. Plasma zinc level correlated significantly with Hb, red blood cells, ferritin, and folic acid. As to course of pregnancy, women experiencing hypertension/toxemia were found to have significantly lower plasma zinc level. Among infants displaying congenital defects at birth those with undescended testes and metatarsus varus were delivered by mothers whose plasma zinc was well below the mean for the group. These findings indicate the need to investigate the influence of dietary patterns and zinc intake on maternal plasma zinc level and pregnancy outcome, further delineating the role of zinc in human reproduction, particularly hypertension of pregnancy.
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PMID:Plasma zinc in hypertension/toxemia and other reproductive variables in adolescent pregnancy. 611 62

Acute iron loading of rats, by intraperitoneal administration of iron-dextran (500 mg Fe/kg body wt 18-20 h before killing) decreased by 30% the rate of conversion of 5-amino-[14C]levulinate ([14C]ALA) into heme as measured with a recently described procedure for liver homogenates (1981. Biochem. J. 198: 595-604). The decrease in conversion of labeled ALA into heme caused by iron loading was shown to be due to a 70-80% decrease in activity of ALA dehydrase. The decrease in activity of ALA dehydrase caused by iron loading was not associated with a decrease in hepatic concentrations of GSH, nor could it be reversed by addition of dithiothreitol, Zn2+ or chelators of Fe2+ and Fe3+. Addition of FeSO4, ferric citrate, or ferritin to homogenates of control liver had no effect of activity of ALA dehydrase. The decrease in activity of ALA dehydrase, caused by iron-dextran, was mirrored by a reciprocal increase in ALA synthase. Iron-dextran potentiated the induction of ALA synthase by allylisopropylacetamide. However, this potentiation could be dissociated from the decrease in ALA dehydrase caused by iron loading.
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PMID:Iron and the liver: acute effects of iron-loading on hepatic heme synthesis of rats. Role of decreased activity of 5-aminolevulinate dehydrase. 618 58

Rats were injected with 1 mg of Zn2+ as zinc sulfate or 2 mg of Cd2+ as cadmium sulfate per kg of body weight on a daily basis. After seven injections, ferritin and metallothionein were isolated from the livers of the rats. Significant amounts of zinc were associated with ferritin. Incubation of such ferritin with apoenzymes of calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase, yeast phosphoglucomutase, and yeast aldolase restored their enzymic activity. The amount of zinc injected was insufficient to stimulate significant synthesis of metallothionein, but similar experiments with injection of cadmium did stimulate the synthesis of metallothionein. The amount of Zn2+ in ferritin of Cd-injected rats was greater than that in ferritin in Zn-injected rats, which was greater than that in ferritin of normal rats. Thus at comparable protein concentration ferritin from Cd-injected rats was a better Zn2+ donor than was ferritin from Zn-injected or normal animals. Ferritin is a normal constituent of several tissues, whereas metallothionein is synthesized under metabolic stress. Thus ferritin may function as a "metal storage and transferring agent" for iron and for zinc. It is suggested that ferritin probably serves as the initial chelator for Zn2+ and perhaps other metal ions as well and that under very high toxic levels of metal ions the synthesis of metallothionein is initiated as the second line of defense.
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PMID:Ferritin: a zinc detoxicant and a zinc ion donor. 621 27

Ferritin binds a large quantity of Be2+ (Price D.J. and Joshi, J.G. J. Biol. Chem. 258 (1983) 10873) as well as other divalent metal ions. Therefore the ability of this protein to protect enzymes against or reverse the inhibition by metal ions was studied. Evidence presented here shows that the inhibition by Be2+ of the enzymes Na+K+ATPase, alkaline phosphatase and phosphoglucomutase is reversed by ferritin. Be2+ can be transferred reversibly between phosphoglucomutase and ferritin depending upon the relative concentrations of the 2 proteins. Ferritin also reactivated phosphoglucomutase inhibited by Zn2+, Cu2+, or Cd2+. Incubation of ferritin containing Be2+ with 4-10 fold molar excess of phosphoglucomutase (with respect to Be2+) removed 90% of the Be2+ from ferritin. The rates of inactivation of phosphoglucomutase by Be2+ donated by apoferritin or ferritin were identical. Based upon these observations it is suggested that Be2+ bound to the protein shell and to the iron core are in equilibrium with each other with the equilibrium favoring ferritin-Be2+ complex.
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PMID:Ferritin: protection of enzymatic activity against the inhibition by divalent metal ions in vitro. 633 Sep 34

Rat liver homogenates in 0.1 M Tris, pH 7.5, were heated to 80 degrees C, cooled immediately, and centrifuged at 24,000 X g, and 7Be2+ was added to the supernatant. Twenty-five per cent of the radioactivity was bound to a single protein. It was purified to homogeneity and identified to be ferritin as judged by different criteria. These were sucrose density gradient centrifugation, electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel of the native or sodium dodecyl sulfate-treated protein, reactivity to antibodies, isoelectric focusing, and total amino acid composition. Comparative study of the ability of ferritin or apoferritin to bind Cd2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, and Be2+ was conducted by using a gel equilibrium technique, Centifree micropartition technique, and microcentrifuge desalting technique. Ferritin could be saturated with Cd2+ or Zn2+ or Cu2+ but not with Be2+ even after 800 g atoms of Be2+ were bound. None of the bound Be2+ was dialyzable at 4 degrees C in 0.05 Tris acetate buffer, pH 8.5, but at pH 6.5 over 80% of the bound metal ion was dialyzed after 72 h. By contrast, apoferritin bound similar amounts of all four metal ions, some of which were dialyzable. By spectrophotometric titrations at pH 6.5 of Be2+ with sulfosalicylic acid (SSA), BeKDSSA was calculated to be 5.0 X 10(-6) M and by competition of sulfosalicyclic acid and ferritin for Be2+ the BeKDferritin was calculated to be 6.8 X 10(-6) M.
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PMID:Ferritin. Binding of beryllium and other divalent metal ions. 641 22

A comprehensive immunologic and serologic analysis was performed on 31 untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease. Immune evaluations stressed T-cell functional activity and included traditional parameters (PHA responsiveness and delayed hypersensitivity skin reactivity), as well as newer functional assays (T-cell colony formation, chemotaxis, spontaneous and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity, and concanavalin A-induced suppressor cell activity (CISA). Serum factors included ferritin, prostaglandins, zinc, copper, immune complexes, and thymic hormone activity. Every patient exhibited at least one T-cell or serum abnormality. The greatest percentage of patients exhibited T-cell defects in chemotaxis (85%), colony formation (81%). and PHA reactivity (64%). Immune defects were more common with advanced disease but were not related to absolute T-cell or monocyte count, skin test anergy, or abnormalities of T mu/T gamma cell proportions. Linear relationships were identified among abnormalities in the three assays employing mononuclear cells (PHA, colony formation, CISA) which may have reflected the inhibitory influence of monocytes present in the mononuclear cell preparations. Low serum zinc correlated with marked impairment of T-cell chemotaxis. Elevated prostaglandins were associated with high PHA reactivity and with depressed colony formation. Our results indicate that many complex factors, including intrinsic T-cell defects, contribute to the impaired immunity associated with Hodgkin's disease.
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PMID:Multivariate analysis of T-cell functional defects and circulating serum factors in Hodgkin's disease. 645 60

The effect of iron depletion on blood lead levels was studied in a group of 558 schoolchildren aged 10 to 18 residing in two West Bank Arab villages with a high prevalence of excessive lead exposure and clinical lead poisoning. Thirty percent of the subjects studied had whole-blood lead levels greater than 30 micrograms/dl, and 45% had whole-blood zinc erythrocyte protoporphyrin greater than 50 micrograms/dl. The percentage of abnormal blood lead values in subjects with normal serum ferritin and transferrin saturation (31%) was similar to that in subjects with one (28%) or two (25%) abnormal iron parameters. Likewise, there was no correlation between serum ferritin and blood lead levels in individual patients (r = 0.059). Normal distribution plots and mean levels of blood lead (27.3 micrograms/dl) were identical in the iron-deficient and iron-replete groups. These findings indicate that iron depletion does not affect blood lead levels and suggest that in man, unlike in experimental animals, iron depletion may not have a significant effect on lead absorption.
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PMID:Iron depletion and blood lead levels in a population with endemic lead poisoning. 651 30


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