Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P02794 (ferritin)
 17,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The hypothesis according to which iron overload could be harmful has been extensively and controversially discussed in the literature. One underlying pathological mechanism may be elevated oxidative stress. Thus, we studied the correlation between hemochromatosis and an established marker of oxidative stress, 8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha (8-iso-PGF2alpha, iPF2alpha-III, 15-F2t-IsoP). We enrolled 21 patients with hemochromatosis, positive for the homozygous C282Y mutation in the HFE gene, and 21 healthy controls frequency-matched by age and gender in a case-control study design. The objective was to show that iron overload in HFE-related hemochromatosis is associated with increased oxidative stress assessed through 8-iso-PGF(2alpha) urinary excretion, and that oxidative stress is impacted by iron-removal treatment (phlebotomy). Study parameters were transferrin saturation, 8-iso-PGF(2alpha) urine excretion, transferrin, ferritin, serum iron, and vitamins A and E for all participants. Iron concentration in the liver and non-transferrin-bound iron were measured in patients only. We found a significant difference in 8-iso-PGF2alpha in patients (245 [interquartile range 157-348] pg/mg creatinine) compared with controls (128 [106-191] pg/mg creatinine, P = 0.002). Vitamin A was significantly reduced in cases (0.34 [0.25-1.83] microg/ml compared to 3.00 [2.11-3.39] microg/ml, P < 0.001), while vitamin E did not show a significant difference in cases (14.7 [11.5-18.1] microg/ml) compared with controls (14.9 [13.1-19.2] microg/ml, P = 0.52). After phlebotomy treatment and normalization of the iron parameters in the hemochromatosis group, serum vitamin A levels were significantly increased (1.36 [1.08-1.97] microg/ml, P = 0.035 vs. baseline, P < 0.001 vs. controls) and 8-iso-PGF2alpha urinary excretion was lowered to control levels (146 [117-198] pg/mg creatinine, P = 0.38 vs. controls). In our study, HFE-related hemochromatosis was associated with increased oxidative stress and hypovitaminemia A in C282Y homozygotes. The increased oxidative stress was reversible by normalization of the iron load by phlebotomy. Thus, phlebotomy is an effective and adequate means for reducing oxidative stress in these patients.
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PMID:Increased urinary excretion of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha in patients with HFE-related hemochromatosis: a case-control study. 1654 87

Historically, food fortification programs were often undertaken with little attention to issues such as micronutrient bioavailability, optimal levels of addition, or efficacy or to monitoring impact on nutritional status, health, and human function. Several developments in recent years have enabled substantial progress to be made in the design and evaluation of fortification programs. The methodology for estimating the prevalence of inadequate nutrient intakes in a population and tolerable upper intake levels has been established and can be used as the basis for estimating desirable amounts of nutrient addition. More attention is being paid to assessing the bioavailability of nutrients (especially minerals) using stable and radioactive isotopes, and bioavailability of iron compounds can be estimated from changes in total body iron calculated from the ratio of transferrin receptors to serum ferritin. Procedures for quality control of the fortification process have been established. New approaches to monitoring the impact of fortification over time include assessment of liver retinol stores using retinol isotope dilution. In summary, the design and evaluation of food fortification programs now requires a series of formative research procedures on the part of nutritionists, which were not often expected or conducted in the past.
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PMID:New approaches for designing and evaluating food fortification programs. 1654 76

Anemia and co-existing deficiencies of zinc, iron, iodine, and vitamin A occur among children in many developing countries including NE Thailand, probably contributing to impairments in growth, immune competence, and cognition. Sustainable strategies are urgently required to combat these deficiencies. We assessed the efficacy of a micronutrient-fortified seasoning powder served with a school lunch on reducing anemia and improving the micronutrient status of rural NE Thai children. Children (n = 569) aged 5.5-13.4y from 10 schools were randomly assigned to receive a seasoning powder either unfortified or fortified with zinc (5 mg), iron (5 mg), vitamin A (270 microg), and iodine (50 microg) (per serving) and incorporated into a school lunch prepared centrally and delivered 5 d/wk for 31 wk. Teachers monitored school lunch consumption. Baseline and final micronutrient status, hemoglobinopathies, and infection or inflammation were assessed from blood and urine samples. For the primary outcome, anemia (based on hemoglobin), no intervention effect was apparent (odds ratio: 1.02 95% CI: 0.69, 1.51) after adjustment for design strata. The odds of zinc (based on serum zinc) and urinary iodine deficiency in the fortified group were 0.63 (0.42, 0.94) and 0.52 (0.38, 0.71) times those in the unfortified group, respectively. Fortification had no effect on serum retinol (0.61: 0.25,1.51), ferritin (1.12: 0.43, 2.96), or mean red cell volume (1.16: 0.82, 1.64). Therefore, a micronutrient-fortified seasoning powder is a promising vehicle for improving zinc, iodine, and hemoglobin status, and its potential for incorporation into lunch programs in day care centers and schools in NE Thailand warrants investigation.
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PMID:A multimicronutrient-fortified seasoning powder enhances the hemoglobin, zinc, and iodine status of primary school children in North East Thailand: a randomized controlled trial of efficacy. 1670 30

A comparative study on the nutritional status of primiparous and multiparous women in the first trimester of pregnancy was conducted in the northeastern province of Thailand, Khon Kaen, to investigate differences in protein-energy-malnutrition, iron deficiency anaemia, vitamin A deficiency and carotenoid status between both parity groups. 94 subjects were recruited at first attendance of antenatal clinic. Data about weight, height, haemoglobin and haematocrit were obtained from hospital records. Anthropometric measurements of mid-upper arm circumference and triceps skinfold were done on a sub sample. Retinol, carotenoids and alpha-tocopherol were analysed using a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method. Ferritin, transthyretin and retinol-binding protein were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Primiparous women showed lower body mass index, mid-upper arm circumference, corrected arm muscle area (P<0.001) as well as lower retinol, cholesterol and triceps skinfold (P<0.05). After adjusting for age and socio-economical status the significant difference persisted for all parameters but triceps skinfold. No significant differences of alpha-tocopherol, serum proteins, carotenoids and iron indices could be observed, even though a tendency to higher values for ferritin, haemoglobin and haematocrit was shown in multiparous women. Prevalence of protein-energy-malnutrition (body mass index <18.5 kg/m2) in the primiparous group was significantly higher compared to the multiparous group (P<0.05). Prevalence of protein-energy-malnutrition, iron deficiency anaemia and vitamin A deficiency were 15.1%,6.3% and 3.3%, respectively, in the total study population. No differences between parity groups could be observed for prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia and vitamin A deficiency.
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PMID:Nutritional status of pregnant women in Northeast Thailand. 1683 24

The study aimed to assess the prevalence of anemia and vitamin A deficiency in preschool children in rural Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study was done on eight randomly-selected sub-districts of rural Bangladesh. Children (n=1,302) aged 2-6 years were studied. Families of 43% of the study participants had a monthly household expenditure of US$ 60 or less. Fifty-six percent of the children were underweight, and 17% were severely underweight; 18% were wasted, and 1% were severely wasted; and 45% were stunted while 20% were severely stunted. The mean+/-SD serum retinol of the children was1.0+/-0.4 micromol/l, and 3% of them had serum retinol levels of <0.35 micromol/l, about one-fifth (20%) had a serum retinol level of <0.70 micromol/l and 55% had serum retinol levels of <1.05 pmol/l. The mean hemoglobin concentration of the children was 110+/-11 g/l, and 48% had a Hb of <11 g/l signifying anemia in this age group. Thirty-one percent (31 %) of children had low serum ferritin (<12 microg/l), and 14% had elevated CRP (> or = 15 mg/l) indicating the presence of a sub-clinical infection. Male and female children had similar nutritional status and biochemical profiles although boys tended to be heavier than girls (p=0.013). The proportion of children with anemia and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) declined significantly (p<0.001) with advancing age. Five percent of the study children had IDA and concomitant low serum retinol. The proportion of children with IDA and serum retinol also declined significantly with increasing age from 8% in children aged 35 months or younger, to 3% in children aged 60 months and more (p=0.025). Results of our study clearly demonstrated the public health importance of anemia and vitamin A deficiency among children of rural Bangladesh.
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PMID:Childhood anemia and vitamin a deficiency in rural Bangladesh. 1712 5

Stunting in school-age years may result in a decrease in adult size, and thus reduced work capacity and adverse reproductive outcomes. We have compared the mean intakes of energy, protein and selected growth-limiting nutrients in fifty-eight stunted children and 172 non-stunted controls drawn from 567 children aged 6-13 years attending ten rural schools in NE Thailand. Control children were selected randomly after stratifying children by age in each school. Dietary data were calculated from 24-h recalls using nutrient values from Thai food composition data and chemical analysis. Inter-relationships between stunting and sociodemographic, anthropometric and biochemical variables were also examined. Biochemical variables investigated were serum albumin, zinc, ferritin, transferrin receptor and retinol, and iodine in casual urine samples. Significantly more males than females were stunted (males, n 38, 65.5% v. females, n 20. 34.5%: P=0.025). Stunted males had lower mean intakes of energy, protein, calcium, phosphorus and zinc, and a lower mean (95% CI) serum zinc (9.19 (8.53, 9.84) v. 9.70 (8.53, 9.29) micromol/1) than non-stunted males; no other biochemical differences were noted. Stunted males also had a lower mean arm muscle area (P= 0.015), after adjusting for age, than non-stunted males. In conclusion, the lower dietary intakes of the stunted males compared to their non-stunted counterparts may be associated with anorexia and hypogeusia induced by zinc deficiency. Hence, zinc deficiency may be a factor limiting linear growth, especially among boys in NE Thailand, but more research is needed to establish whether other factors also play a role.
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PMID:Does zinc deficiency play a role in stunting among primary school children in NE Thailand? 1721 73

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I is a biomarker that may have greater utility than other conventional nutritional biomarkers in assessing nutritional, health, and fitness status. We hypothesized that the IGF-I system would directionally track a short-term energy deficit and would be more related to changes in body composition than other nutritional biomarkers. Thirty-five healthy men (24 +/- 0.3 yr) underwent 8 days of exercise and energy imbalance. Total and free IGF-I, IGF binding proteins-1, -2, and -3, the acid labile subunit, transferrin, ferritin, retinol binding protein, prealbumin, testosterone, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and leptin responses were measured. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry assessed changes in body mass and composition. Repeated-measures ANOVA, correlation analysis, and receiver operator characteristic curves were used for statistical analyses (P < or = 0.05). Body mass (-3.8%), fat-free mass (-2.2%), and fat mass (-12.9%) all decreased. Total and free IGF-I, IGF binding protein-3, and the acid labile subunit and prealbumin, but not transferrin, retinol-binding protein, and ferritin, directionally tracked the energy deficit and losses in body composition. The correlation (r = 0.43) between changes in free IGF-I and body and fat-free mass was the only significant association observed. Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis revealed that a baseline value < 1.67 for the molar volume ratio of IGF-I to acid labile subunit had an area under the curve of 0.745 and was a significant discriminator for those subjects losing >5% body mass. The IGF-I system is an important adjunct in the overall assessment of adaptation to stress imposed by high levels of physical activity superimposed on energy and sleep restriction and is more closely associated with losses in body mass and fat-free mass than other conventional nutritional biomarkers.
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PMID:Utility of circulating IGF-I as a biomarker for assessing body composition changes in men during periods of high physical activity superimposed upon energy and sleep restriction. 1741 83

The aim of our study was to evaluate relations between peritoneal dialysis (PD) adequacy and nutritional parameters of PD patients. Patients (n = 124), who finished PD treatment, were separated on 2 groups according to the mean total Kt/V for the entire PD course being below 2.0 (group I) or over 2.0 (group II). Adequacy parameters, daily intake of food products and nutritional indices were evaluated in each patient every 3-6 months during the entire PD course. Mean values of examined parameters were used for comparison of differences observed between both groups. Group I included 63 men, 16 women, age 50.3 +/- 13.8 years, PD duration 13.2 +/- 10.1 months. Group II consisted of 12 men, 33 women, age 49.1 +/- 14.9 years, PD duration 8.8 +/- 6.0 months. Due to a significant difference in sex distribution, dialysis duration and ideal body mass (IBM) between groups, statistical analysis was performed with adjustment of results to these parameters. Absolute amounts of daily intake of food components were higher in group I for animal protein, sodium, retinol, niacin, saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids and cholesterol. When daily food intake was normalized to IBM, group II showed higher both protein nitrogen appearance (I - 0.92 +/- 0.25, II - 1.12 +/- 0.45 g/kg IBM, p = 0.005) and intake of vegetable protein (I - 0.29 +/- 0.10, II - 0.34 +/- 0.09 g/kg IBM, p = 0.040), carbohydrates (I - 3.30 +/- 1.08, II - 3.80 +/- 1.34 g/kg IBM, p = 0.029), potassium (I - 33.2+/-10.6, II - 38.3 +/- 13.2 mg/kg IBM, p = 0.034), calcium (I - 5.81 +/- 2.46, II - 7.20 +/- 3.54 mg/kg IBM, p = 0.028), magnesium (I - 2.86 +/- 0.86, II - 3.41 +/- 1.36 mg/kg IBM, p = 0.004), beta-carotene (I 22.4 +/- 15.8, II - 34.9 +/- 29.1 mg/kg IBM, p = 0.002) as well as calorie delivered from protein (I - 0.22 +/- 0.04, II - 0.26 +/- 0.07%, p = 0.001) and carbohydrates (I - 0.79 +/- 0.15, II - 0.94 +/- 0.21, p = 0.000) in relation to total amount of ingested calorie. Group I showed significantly lower serum levels of albumin (I - 2.45, 1-3, II - 2.83, 1-3 scores, p = 0.023) and cholesterol (I - 5.54 +/- 1.06, II - 6.35 +/- 1.63 mmol/l, p = 0.009), but higher serum iron (I - 16.7 +/- 4.4, II - 15.8 +/- 5.2 micromol/l, p = 0.042) and ferritin (I - 615, 28-5113, II - 377, 24-3376 ng/ml, p = 0.021) concentrations as well as transferrin saturation (I - 31.1 +/- 9.2, II - 28.5 +/- 9.2%, p = 0.032). We conclude that PD patients with Kt/V over 2.0 as compared to those with Kt/V below 2.0 show tendency for better nutritional indices excluding serum iron parameters.
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PMID:[Nutritional status of peritoneal dialysis patients and parameters of dialysis adequacy]. 1742 17

Zinc supplementation has been shown to benefit linear growth. However the effect may depend on whether zinc is the most limiting nutrient. This study aims to investigate the effect of supplementation with zinc-given alone or with iron and vitamin-A in improving infantsf micronutrient status and linear growth. The study was a double-blind-community-intervention study involving 800 infants aged 3-6 months in rural East Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. Syrup consisting of zinc-alone, Zn (10 mg/d), zinc+iron, Zn+Fe (10 mg/d of each), zinc+iron+vitamin-A, Zn+Fe+vit.A (10 mg/d of each zinc and iron plus 1,000 IU vitamin-A), or placebo were given daily for six months. Outcomes measured were length, weight, and micronutrient status (haemoglobin, se-rum zinc, ferritin and retinol). Zn+Fe and Zn+Fe+vit.A supplementations benefit zinc and iron status of the sub-jects, while Zn-alone supplementation disadvantaged haemoglobin and iron status. The highest increment in vi-tamin A and haemoglobin status was shown in Zn+Fe+vit.A group. An effect on linear growth was observed among initially-stunted subjects in Zn+Fe and Zn+Fe+vit.A groups who grew 1.1-1.5 cm longer than placebo. On the other hand, in the Zn-alone group, mean height-for-age Z-score decreased to a greater extent than placebo. The between-group difference in HAZ among initially-stunted subjects was significant after four months sup-plementation. While the difference was not significant in follow-up after 6 months, the pattern remained the same where means height-for-age Z-score in Zn+Fe+vit.A and Zn+Fe groups were higher than placebo and Zn-alone groups. Given the low haemoglobin/iron status of the subjects, zinc supplementation would have positive effect on growth if the low haemoglobin/iron status is also addressed and corrected.
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PMID:Zinc-iron, but not zinc-alone supplementation, increased linear growth of stunted infants with low haemoglobin. 1746 87

Adolescent girls have high nutrient needs and are susceptible to micronutrient deficiencies. The objective of this study was to test the effect of a multiple-micronutrient-fortified beverage on hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations, micronutrient status, and growth among adolescent girls in rural Bangladesh. A total of 1125 girls (Hb > or = 70 g/L) enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial and were allocated to either a fortified or nonfortified beverage of similar taste and appearance. The beverage was provided at schools 6 d/wk for 12 mo. Concentrations of Hb and serum ferritin (sFt), retinol, zinc, and C-reactive protein were measured in venous blood samples at baseline, 6 mo, and 12 mo. In addition, weight, height, and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) measurements were taken. The fortified beverage increased the Hb and sFt and retinol concentrations at 6 mo (P < 0.01). Adolescent girls in the nonfortified beverage group were more likely to suffer from anemia (Hb <120 g/L), iron deficiency (sFt <12 microg/L), and low serum retinol concentrations (serum retinol <0.70 micromol/L) (OR = 2.04, 5.38, and 5.47, respectively; P < 0.01). The fortified beverage group had greater increases in weight, MUAC, and BMI over 6 mo (P < 0.01). Consuming the beverage for an additional 6 mo did not further improve the Hb concentration, but the sFt level continued to increase (P = 0.01). The use of multiple-micronutrient-fortified beverage can contribute to the reduction of anemia and improvement of micronutrient status and growth in adolescent girls in rural Bangladesh.
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PMID:A multiple-micronutrient-fortified beverage affects hemoglobin, iron, and vitamin A status and growth in adolescent girls in rural Bangladesh. 1770 56


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