Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P02794 (ferritin)
 17,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Polyclonal antibodies (PAb) prepared against bovine milk alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were used to develop a competitive indirect (CI) ELISA. Anti-ALP PAb were specific for milk ALP and did not react with ALP from E. coli or bovine and calf intestinal mucosa. Anti-ALP PAb were 20% cross-reactive with bovine placenta ALP. The anti-ALP antibodies also did not recognize bovine serum albumin, acid glycoprotein, ovalbumin, ferritin, and casein, although some cross-reactivity was observed with whey protein isolate. Anti-ALP PAbs reacted with deglycosylated native ALP, but did not recognize ALP denatured at 100 degrees C in 2% SDS or deglycosylated denatured ALP. When buffered solutions of milk ALP were heated at 70 degrees C, ALP activity decreased at a faster rate than ALP content determined by CI-ELISA. The ELISA differentiated between native and heat denatured ALP. Further studies are warranted to determine if an ELISA can be used to verify pasteurization of fluid milk.
 ...
PMID:Polyclonal-antibody-based ELISA to detect milk alkaline phosphatase. 1088 3

We have previously reported several studies on the loading of iron into ferritin by ceruloplasmin using proteins from rats. Loading iron into human ferritin using human serum ceruloplasmin is complicated by the fact that human ceruloplasmin is very susceptible to proteolysis (T. P. Ryan, T. A. Grover, and S. D. Aust, 1992, Arch. Biochem Biophys. 293, 1-8). The present study investigated the effect of proteolysis on the ability of human ceruloplasmin to load iron into human ferritin. SDS-PAGE revealed one major band with an apparent molecular weight of 116 kDa for a proteolytically degraded form of ceruloplasmin versus a 132-kDa band for an intact form of the enzyme. Both forms of the enzyme possessed ferroxidase activity, although that of the proteolytically degraded enzyme was approximately twofold less than that of the intact enzyme (4.9 nmol (min)-1 vs 8.3 nmol (min)-1). Only the intact form of ceruloplasmin was able to catalyze iron loading into ferritin without altering the physical characteristics of the ferritin protein during the process. Abnormal migration in nondenaturing PAGE gels, as well as a decrease in the amount of detectable ferritin protein, was observed when ferritin was incubated with iron alone or with proteolytically degraded ceruloplasmin and iron. It was concluded that the structural integrity of ceruloplasmin is required for the enzyme to effectively catalyze iron loading into ferritin.
 ...
PMID:Intact human ceruloplasmin is required for the incorporation of iron into human ferritin. 1101 27

Ferritin was purified from iron-fed Galleria mellonella hemolymph by ultra centrifugation and FPLC (Superose 6). SDS-PAGE revealed three bands of 26, 30, and 32 kDa. The ferritin 26 kDa subunit cDNA was obtained from RT-PCR using primer designed from N-terminal sequence analysis. 5'-RACE was used to obtain the complete protein coding sequence. The sequence encodes a 211 amino acid polypeptide including a 20 amino acid leader peptide. An IRE (iron-responsive element) sequence with a predicted stem-loop structure was present in the 5'-UTR of ferritin mRNA. Sequence alignment has a sequence identity with Calpodes ethlius (S)(74%), Drosophila melanogaster (50%), and Aedes aegypti (39%). Northern blot analysis indicated that there were 1.5- and 1.75-fold increases in the expression of ferritin mRNA after iron-fed fat body and midgut, respectively. Also, we confirmed that the ferritin mRNA is not expressed in adult ovary and testis. Arch.
 ...
PMID:Cloning and expression of a ferritin subunit for Galleria mellonella. 1131 31

5 years after a previous study, we followed up a group of thalassemic patients, determining DHEA-S levels in peripubertal age, with the aim of evaluating whether adrenarche maturation occurred in boys and advanced in girls. Furthermore, we evaluated the degree of bone mineral density (BMD SDS(BA)) and analyzed growth parameters calculating standard deviation score with respect to bone age (BA) of height (Ht SDS(BA)), sitting height (SH SDSBA), and subischial leg length (SLL SDSBA), body mass index (BMI) and the difference between the values of the previous and the present study (deltaBMI), thyroid function and serum markers of bone metabolism. Our results showed persistent lack of adrenarche (DHEA-S 25+/-9.5 microg/dl) in all 6 boys and the absence of pubertal signs at chronological age (CA) of 12.4+/-1.4 yr and BA of 11.1+/-1.1 yr. Only one boy, 6 months later, showed a testicular volume of 4 ml (Tanner stage G2) with an increase of DHEA-S value (181 microg/dl) at BA 12.8 yr. Body disproportion and severe degree of osteopenia (BMD SDSBA -2.41+/-0.5) were observed in all boys, even though Ht SDSBA (0.14+/-0.8) and markers of bone metabolism were within the normal range. No change in nutritional status was observed (deltaBMI 0.09+/-0.4 kg/m2). In contrast, all the thalassemic girls had DHEA-S values (172.7+/-97.7 microg/dl) within the normal range at BA 12.7 +/-0.6 yr that was similar to CA. Furthermore, the appearance of Tanner stage B2 occurred in each of them at BA, near to CA, of 10.4+/-0.9 yr, and menarche was observed in three of them at mean BA, near to CA, of 11.4+/-0.9 yr. Ht SDSBA was below normal range (-1.11+/-0.8), but SLL SDSBA and SH SDS(BA) values were reduced homogeneously, so that proportional body growth was observed. A significant change in nutritional status was observed (deltaBMI 2.69+/-0.9 kg/m2). Bone density value (BMD SDS(BA) -0.25+/-0.4) was in the normal range. There were no statistically significant differences between boys and girls for ferritin serum levels, blood consumption and desferrioxamine dosage. In conclusion, lack of change in nutritional status, measurable in the form of deltaBMI, but not BMI alone, considered an important physiological regulator of adrenarche, regardless of individual adrenal androgen secretion, could have a key role in the lack of adrenarche persisting in thalassemic boys during peripubertal age. Further follow up is necessary, in particular when boys reach puberty, because delayed adrenarche represents the most intriguing aspect in these patients.
 ...
PMID:Persistence of delayed adrenarche in boys with thalassemia. 1132 74

Ferritin, an iron-binding protein, was purified from the larval hemolymph of the wax moth, Galleria mellonella by KBr density ultracentrifugation and FPLC (Superose 6). The iron content of ferritin was determined by atomic emission spectroscopy and Ferene S stain. Native molecular mass of ferritin was estimated as 630 kDa. SDS-PAGE revealed that the ferritin consists of two major polypeptides of 26 and 32 kDa and one minor polypeptide of 30 kDa. An isoelectric point of ferritin was measured to be approximately 7.3 and only the 32-kDa subunit is glycosylated. The ferritin contains large amounts of lysine, glutamine, glutamic acid and leucine but tryptophan was not detected. Electron microscopic examination of negatively stained preparations showed an 11-nm particle in external diameter and 7-nm iron core. Ferritin is present in both the ovary and testis. Localization of ferritin by immunoelectron microscopy in ovary and testis revealed that the gold particles were located in vitelline membrane and yolk granules but not in follicular epithelium of ovary. In the testis, the gold particles were located in testicular fluid and lumen of vas deferens.
 ...
PMID:Characterization and immunological analysis of ferritin from the hemolymph of Galleria mellonella. 1142 20

Our previous studies have shown that ferritin within developing avian corneal epithelial cells is predominantly a nuclear protein and that one function of the molecule in this location is to protect DNA from UV damage. To elucidate the mechanism for this tissue-specific nuclear translocation, cultured corneal epithelial cells and corneal fibroblasts were transfected with a series of deletion constructs for the heavy chain of ferritin, ferritin-H, tagged with a human c-myc epitope. The subcellular localization of the ferritin was determined by immunofluorescence for the myc-tag. For the corneal epithelial cells, the first 10 or the last 30 amino acids of ferritin-H could be deleted without affecting the nuclear localization. However, larger deletions of these areas, or deletions along the length of the body of the molecule, resulted largely in retention of the truncated proteins within the cytoplasm. Thus, it seems that no specific region functions as an NLS. Immunoblotting analysis of SDS-PAGE-separated extracts suggests that assembly of the supramolecular form of ferritin is not necessary for successful nuclear translocation, because one deletion construct that failed to undergo supramolecular assembly showed nuclear localization. In transfected fibroblasts, the endogenous ferritin remained predominantly in the cytoplasm, as did that synthesized from transfected full-length ferritin constructs and from two deletion constructs encoding truncated chains that could still assemble into the supramolecular form of ferritin. However, those truncated chains that were unable to participate in supramolecular assembly generally showed both nuclear and cytoplasmic localization, indicating that, in this cell type, supramolecular assembly is involved in restricting ferritin to the cytoplasm. These data suggest that for corneal epithelial cells, the nuclear localization of ferritin most likely involves a tissue-specific mechanism that facilitates transport into the nucleus, whereas, in fibroblasts, the cytoplasmic retention involves supramolecular assembly that prevents passive diffusion into the nucleus.
 ...
PMID:Nuclear translocation of ferritin in corneal epithelial cells. 1149 71

We evaluated the final height achieved by 47 patients who had bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for thalassemia major. Subjects were separated into two groups: patients who received BMT before 7 years of age and patients who received BMT after 7 years of age. Parental height and genetic target height (TH) were calculated. Our data indicated a strict correlation between age at time of transplant and final adult height. The patients whose age at transplant was <7 years had a less impaired growth rate than did patients who were >7 years. Moreover, greatest loss in height was observed in subjects who had higher serum levels of transaminase and ferritin and these biochemical parameters were strictly correlated to the final adult height. Mean final adult height, however, did not differ from the genetic target height in subjects who received BMT before 7 years of age and the final height SDS corrected for TH surpasses even the TH. In contrast, the subjects who received BMT after 7 years of age, failed to achieve their full genetic potential. In conclusion, short stature is present in a significant percentage of transplanted thalassemic children. The data in this study indicate a close effect of the age at time of transplant on subsequent growth rate, but the growth impairment in these subjects remain multifactorial.
 ...
PMID:Final height of thalassemic patients who underwent bone marrow transplantation during childhood. 1150 39

Recombinant human ferritin loaded with iron via its own ferroxidase activity did not sediment through a sucrose-density gradient as a function of iron content. Analysis of the recombinant ferritin by native PAGE demonstrated an increase in altered migration pattern of the ferritins with increasing sedimentation, indicating an alteration of the overall charge of ferritin. Additionally, analysis of the ferritin by SDS-PAGE under nonreducing conditions demonstrated that the ferritin had formed large aggregates, which suggests disulfide bonds are involved in the aggregation. The hydroxyl radical was detected by electron spin resonance spectroscopy during iron loading into recombinant ferritin by its own ferroxidase activity. However, recombinant human ferritin loaded with iron in the presence of ceruloplasmin sedimented through a sucrose-density gradient similar to native ferritin. This ferritin was shown to sediment as a function of iron content. The addition of ceruloplasmin to the iron loading assay eliminated the detection of the DMPO-*OH adduct observed during loading using the ferroxidase activity of ferritin. The elimination of the DMPO-*OH adduct was determined to be due to the ability of ceruloplasmin to completely reduce oxygen to water during the oxidation of the ferrous iron. The implications of these data for the present models for iron uptake into ferritin are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Modification of ferritin during iron loading. 1159 84

It has long been assumed that iron regulates the turnover of ferritin, but evidence for or against this idea has been lacking. This issue was addressed using rat hepatoma cells with characteristics of hepatocytes subjected to a continuous influx of iron. Iron-pretreated cells were pulsed with [(35)S]Met for 60 min or with (59)Fe overnight and harvested up to 30 h thereafter, during which they were/were not cultured with ferric ammonium citrate (FAC; 180 microm). Radioactivity in ferritin/ferritin subunits of cell heat supernatants was determined by autoradiography of rockets obtained by immunoelectrophoresis or after precipitation with ferritin antibody and SDS-PAGE. Both methods gave similar results. During the +FAC chase, the concentration of ferritin in the cells increased linearly with time. Without FAC, the half-life of (35)S-ferritin was 19-20 h; with FAC there was no turnover. Without FAC, the iron in ferritin had an apparent half-life of 20 h; in the presence of FAC there was no loss of (59)Fe. Without FAC, concentrations of ferritin iron and protein also decreased in parallel. We conclude that a continuous influx of excess iron can completely inhibit the degradation of ferritin protein and that the iron and protein portions of ferritin molecules may be coordinately degraded.
 ...
PMID:Iron prevents ferritin turnover in hepatic cells. 1160 70

Plasma albumin restricts capillary water filtration. Accordingly, the glomerular ultrafiltration coefficient is higher in Nagase analbuminemic rats (NAR) than in Sprague-Dawley controls. We investigated whether the glomerular permeability to macromolecules is also enhanced in NAR. SDS-PAGE fractionation of urine proteins showed several bands with molecular masses between 60 and 90 kDa in NAR only. Acute administration of BSA to NAR led to nearly complete disappearance of these proteins from urine, an effect partially reversed when most of the exogenous albumin was cleared from circulation. The fractional clearance of 70-kDa dextran was increased in NAR, indicating a size defect. Binding of cationized ferritin to the glomerular basement membrane was decreased in NAR, suggesting associated depletion of fixed anions. The magnitude of cationic ferritin binding correlated negatively with the fractional clearance of 70-kDa dextran, suggesting that the two abnormalities may share a common pathogenic mechanism. Collectively, these results suggest enhanced glomerular permeability to macromolecules in NAR. Albumin may be necessary to maintain the normal glomerular permselectivity properties.
 ...
PMID:Enhanced glomerular permeability to macromolecules in the Nagase analbuminemic rat. 1173 11


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>