Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P02794 (ferritin)
 17,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To study the disease process in the brain in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE), sequential changes in ferritin, creatine kinase (CK), and neopterin in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of two patients with SSPE were compared with the changes in the clinical signs and symptoms and the findings by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). On the basis of changes in various substances in the CSF, especially ferritin, CK and neopterin, we concluded that the high-intensity area in MRI might be evidence of local inflammation and the resulting cell damage. Ferritin, CK and neopterin seemed to be biochemical markers in patients with SSPE for detection of the extent of lesions, and their measurement may provide information useful for evaluation of the therapeutic response.
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PMID:Ferritin, creatine kinase, and neopterin in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. 149 51

This investigation demonstrates that low concentrations (25 microM) of free and transferrin-bound iron reduce the efficiency of the interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) signal in the human myelomonocytic cell line THP-1, as seen by decreased production of neopterin, reduced degradation of tryptophan, and impaired expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigens. This inhibitory effect of iron, which is not due to an enhanced cytotoxicity towards THP-1 cells, is increased by enhancement of iron concentrations in a dose-dependent relationship and can be partially reversed by increasing amounts of the cytokine. The iron-mediated inhibition of the effects of IFN-gamma is fully reversed when iron is administered concomitantly with equimolar concentrations of the iron chelator deferoxamine. Furthermore, deferoxamine alone is even able to enhance the efficiency of the IFN-gamma signal. Our data provide evidence that there is an inverse correlation between the intracellular amount of iron, which is not bound to ferritin, and the activity of the IFN-gamma signal. This suggests that iron withholding by the immune cells in the course of inflammatory disorders may also contribute to the enhancement of the cytopathic effect of IFN-gamma. This speculation is confirmed by the observation of high concentrations of immune activation markers such as IFN-gamma and neopterin and low serum iron levels in patients with hypoferric anemia in the course of chronic inflammation.
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PMID:Iron modulates interferon-gamma effects in the human myelomonocytic cell line THP-1. 158 6

In this study, we investigated a possible association between the degree of macrophage activation - as measured by serum neopterin concentrations - and disturbances of iron metabolism, determined by the concentrations of ferritin and serum iron, in patients with malignant disorders. Additionally we evaluated correlations between these factors and the degree and type of anaemia. Seventy-three patients, who suffered from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) (n = 43), Hodgkin's disease (n = 11), myeloma or monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (n = 9), myelodysplastic syndrome (n = 1), and solid tumours (n = 9), were examined. Mean neopterin levels were raised in all groups, patients with NHL showing the highest concentrations. Ferritin but not neopterin concentrations were higher in males than in females. A significant correlation was found between neopterin and ferritin concentrations (p less than 0.01). Considering only female patients the strength of the correlation was the same (p less than 0.02). In addition, we found inverse correlations of neopterin with haemoglobin and iron concentrations (all p less than 0.01). Similar relationships existed in patients during follow-up. Our results support the hypothesis of an association between the degree of activation of macrophages and the development of anaemia by a shift or iron towards the storage sites.
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PMID:Association between the activation of macrophages, changes of iron metabolism and the degree of anaemia in patients with malignant disorders. 164 56

At present, no sufficient therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma is available. Several immunotherapeutical protocols have been studied, success rates, however, were inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to assess the pretherapeutic immunological status of 13 patients with metastatic and 16 patients with nonmetastatic renal cell carcinoma and of 15 healthy volunteers. Determined were differential blood counts, lymphocyte subpopulations, beta 2-microglobulin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), neopterin, immunoglobulin, fibronectin and ferritin. Additionally, these parameters were recorded for monitoring an immunotherapeutical approach with the xenogeneic biological response modifier Keyhole limpet hemocyanine (KLH) in 10 patients with metastatic and in 5 patients with nonmetastatic disease. The pretherapeutic immunological status of patients with metastatic disease was characterized by significantly reduced T4-, T8- and B-cell counts. Significantly increased were granulocyte counts, beta 2-microglobulin, neopterin and TNF. In patients who did not suffer from metastases, only beta 2-microglobulin and neopterin were increased significantly. During immunotherapy, in patients with metastases, there was a decline of lymphocyte subsets and of the T4/T8-ratio, which correlated with progress of the disease. Humoral immune parameters showed no changes compared to pretherapeutic values. In patients who did not suffer from metastases, cellular immune parameters showed stable values during immunotherapy; neopterin, beta 2-microglobulin and TNF increased considerably. These findings indicate immunosuppression in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma, increasing with progression of the disease and possibly impairing the immunostimulating effects of biological response modifiers during immunotherapy. In conclusion, the clinical response of metastatic renal cell carcinoma to immunotherapy might be improved if the immunostimulant is combined with agents suitable to overcome immunosuppression, i.e. low doses of cyclophosphamide or inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis. In addition, assessment of immune parameters for monitoring the actual immune status of a patient and the immunological effects of therapy was found to be a necessary part of immunotherapy.
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PMID:Immune status and immune therapy of renal cell carcinoma. 221 64

The object of this study was to determine the known laboratory parameters, tumor markers and immunomodulatory substances in 69 ascites of various etiology, and to test their diagnostic significance. The usual parameters such as protein content, LDH ratio, albumin quotient and albumin gradient, fibronectin, cholesterol and cell count did not reliably differentiate the etiology in each particular case, although the mean values of the various groups differed significantly. Even cytological investigation was negative in 6 out of 29 malignant ascites. Neither were the immunomodulatory substances such as neopterin, beta 2-microglobulin and interleukin-2 receptors suitable for differentiation. In patients with carcinoma of the prostate the values of prostate-specific antigen were significantly increased in ascites. The best separation between benign hepatic or cardiac ascites and malignant ascites was provided by ferritin (sensitivity 97%, specificity 100%). The values in benign hepatic or cardiac ascites were lower than 150 ng/ml and those in malignant ascites higher than 170 ng/ml.
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PMID:[Tumor markers and immunomodulator substances in ascites--their value as screening and diagnosis parameters]. 247 98

Chronic anemia of cancer can be corrected in approximately 50% of the cases by treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO). Early prediction of responsiveness would avoid the emotional and financial burden of ineffective medical intervention. Eighty patients with chronic anemia of cancer undergoing treatment with rHuEPO (150 U/kg, 3 times per week by subcutaneous injection; after 6 weeks without response, 300 U/kg) participated in this study. Response was defined as a gain of at least 2 g/dL hemoglobin (Hb) within 12 weeks. Multivariate discriminant analysis and logistic regression analysis of response were performed on routine blood tests; serum levels of EPO, iron, ferritin, transferrin, and its receptor; World Health Organization (WHO) performance status; various cytokines; neopterin; stem cell factor; C-reactive protein; and alpha 1-antitrypsin. At baseline, none of these factors showed sufficient prognostic power. The following predictive algorithm was developed: (1) If after 2 weeks of therapy both the serum EPO level is > or = 100 mU/mL and Hb concentration has not increased by at least 0.5 g/dL, unresponsiveness of the patient is very likely (predictive power, 93%); otherwise, response may be predicted with an accuracy of 80%. (2) If both the serum level of EPO is less than 100 mU/mL and Hb concentration has increased by > or = 0.5 g/dL, response is highly probable (predictive power, 95%). (3) Alternatively, a serum ferritin level of > or = 400 ng/mL after 2 weeks of rHuEPO therapy strongly indicates unresponsiveness (predictive power, 88%), whereas a level less than 400 ng/mL suggests response in 3 of 4 patients.
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PMID:Prediction of response to erythropoietin treatment in chronic anemia of cancer. 788 86

Anemia of cancer patients is multifactorial but often resembles anemia of chronic inflammatory disorders. We investigated the possibility of measurably increased parameters of inflammation in the serum of cancer patients and examined the correlation of hemoglobin levels, serum iron, and markers of inflammatory response in 201 cancer patients. Serum levels of CRP, ferritin, s-IL-2R, neopterin levels and TNF were assayed with ELISA tests. Statistically significant correlations were found between hemoglobin levels, CRP (Pearson's R = -0.451; p < 0.0001), serum iron (R = 0.326) and ferritin levels (R = -0.449). No significant correlations were seen between hemoglobin levels and neopterin or s-IL-2R. The correlation between hemoglobin levels in cancer patients and elevated markers of inflammatory responses, such as CRP, suggest that cytokines involved in the inflammatory responses may be at least partially responsible, directly or indirectly, for anemia in cancer patients.
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PMID:[Tumor-induced anemia and markers of inflammation]. 780 92

A 52-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of a skin rash, high fever and myalgia. She had been diagnosed ten years ago by a dermatologist as having MCTD (mixed connective tissue disease). At the time of admission a diagnosis of active SLE was made by fulfilling four of the 1982 ARA criteria together with increasing levels of anti-DNA antibody and low levels of complements. Prednisolone (PSL) given orally in an initial dosage of 60 mg/day was effective during the first 6 weeks. Then a high fever, skin rash and pancytopenia appeared without active findings of SLE. Infection caused by bacteria, fungus or virus was suspected, but no infectious agent was present in cultures derived from blood or other sources. Antimicrobic drugs used were not effective at all. The clinical picture was suggestive of a drug allergy, but no causative drug was found. A diagnosis of hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) was made because of the increased number of unusual hemophagocytic cells in the bone marrow. High levels of serum ferritin and neopterin, which are known to reflect macrophage activation, supported the diagnosis of HPS. HPS is characterized by activated phagocytosis presumably induced by hypersecretion of cytokines. Malignant lymphoma and infection are the two representative diseases which may cause HPS. Recently, an acute lupus HPS was reported in patients with active SLE. Here we reported a case of reactive HPS observed in a patient with SLE who had been receiving high dose PSL. Symptoms and findings of the patient gradually disappeared in several weeks after rapid reduction of the PSL dose.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Hemophagocytic syndrome observed in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus]. 797 30

The pathogenesis of anaemia associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection is still far from being understood. It cannot be explained by direct effects of the virus on the haematopoietic system. Recent data suggest a role for immune activation. In a cross-sectional study we compared blood cell counts, haemoglobin and erythropoietin levels of 63 HIV-seropositive individuals with immune activation markers (interferon-gamma, serum and urine neopterin, and beta 2-microglobulin) and with parameters or iron metabolism (serum iron, transferrin, free iron binding capacity, ferritin). We found significant correlations between the concentrations of haemoglobin and the immune activation markers and erythropoietin concentrations. Additional significant correlations existed between the parameters of iron metabolism and haemoglobin levels, and ferritin correlated inversely with transferrin. In sum, low haemoglobin levels in patients were associated with enhanced cellular immune activation, as seen by increased interferon-gamma, neopterin and beta 2-microglobulin, and with changes of iron metabolism: low haemoglobin was associated with low transferrin and free iron binding capacity and high ferritin levels. Endogenous release of cytokines such as interferon-gamma-inhibiting erythropoiesis may be one underlying cause of anaemia in these patients.
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PMID:Association between immune activation, changes of iron metabolism and anaemia in patients with HIV infection. 844 Mar 63

Few human monoblastic cell lines have been characterized to date. We have established the SigM5 cell line from a patient with acute monoblastic leukaemia (FAB M5a). Original leukaemic cells had a karyotype of 47,XY,+8, whereas the cell line showed a stemline clone of 81,XX,Y,Y,1,4,6,7,+8,+8,9,10,10,11,13,16,19[cp], with a minor sideline also present. Cytochemical staining was strongly positive with alpha-naphthylbutyrate acetate esterase, particulate positive with Sudan black and weakly positive for myeloperoxidase. Cells were positive for CD13, CD15, CD18, CD23, CD33, CD38, CD45, CD68 and myeloperoxidase. CD14 expression was 3-15%. SigM5 constitutively secreted interleukin (IL)-2, IL-8, IL-10, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, ferritin, lysozyme, N-elastase and neopterin upon stimulation with interferon (IFN)-gamma. Cells expressed the proinflammatory mediator macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). All NADPH oxidase subunits were constitutively present, but nitroblue tetrazolium reduction was only detectable upon activation with IFN-gamma. SigM5 monoblasts were sensitive to arsenic trioxide (As2O3) previously not described to induce apoptosis in monoblastic cells. Differing considerably in morphology, immunophenotype and sensitivity to arsenics from the widely used cell lines U937, HL-60 and THP-1, SigM5 is a new monoblastic cell line useful for studying leukaemogenesis, monocyte differentiation and tumour cell susceptibility to arsenic compounds.
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PMID:Establishment and characterization of an arsenic-sensitive monoblastic leukaemia cell line (SigM5). 1084 31


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