Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P02794 (ferritin)
 17,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Selective targeting of tumour-endothelium has been proposed as a means of therapy. The successful exploitation of this approach will rely on the identification of suitable targets expressed specifically on the tumour-associated endothelium. In an attempt to identify novel tumour-endothelium associated targets we have used differential mRNA display to identify genes up-regulated in an in vitro breast tumour-endothelial cell culture model. Confluent monolayers of human mammary microvessel endothelial cells (HuMMEC) were incubated for 5 days with MDA-MB-231 breast adenocarcinoma cell-conditioned medium (TCM). mRNAs isolated from TCM-treated and control cells were amplified using 104 combinations of four 3(') anchored T(12)VN primers and 26 'random' 10mers by RT-PCR and the products examined on DNA sequencing gels. Seventy-four sequences were cloned and the differential expression of five genes was confirmed using dot-blots. These were identified as procollagen type-IV, Tie-2/Tek receptor tyrosine kinase, NADH dehydrogenase subunit-6, and ferritin heavy-chain, which were up-regulated, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5, which was down-regulated. Increased endothelial expression of basement membrane proteins and tyrosine kinase receptors is known to occur during angiogenesis. Our data support the use of this model for further in vitro investigation of tumour angiogenesis.
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PMID:Changes in microvessel endothelial cell gene expression in an in vitro human breast tumour endothelial cell model. 1451 21

Anthracycline antibiotics, including adriamycin (ADM), are widely used to treat various human cancers, but their clinical use has been limited because of their cardiotoxicity. ADM is especially toxic to heart tissue. The mechanisms responsible for the cardiotoxic effect of ADM have been very/extremely controversial. This review focuses on the participation of free radicals generated by ADM in the cardiotoxic effect. ADM is reduced to a semiquinone radical species by microsomal NADPH-P450 reductase and mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase. In the presence of oxygen, the reductive semiquinone radical species produces superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. Generally, lipid peroxidation proceeds by mediating the redox of iron. ADM extracts iron from ferritin to form ADM-Fe3+, which causes lipid peroxidation of membranes. These events may lead to disturbance of the membrane structure and dysfunction of mitochondria. However, superoxide dismutase and hydroxyl radical scavengers have little effect on lipid peroxidation induced by ADM-Fe3+. Alternatively, ADM is oxidatively activated by peroxidases to convert to an oxidative semiquinone radical, which participates in inactivation of mitochondrial enzymes or including succinate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase. Here, we discuss the activation of ADM and the role of reductive and oxidative ADM semiquinone radicals in the cardiotoxic effect of this antibiotic.
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PMID:[Free radicals mediate cardiac toxicity induced by adriamycin]. 1457 31

Iron belongs to the most widely distributed elements and is essential for the metabolism of almost all organisms. It is required for enzymatic reactions, in particular of those involving electron transport. It also participates in the transport and storage of oxygen in tissues. Iron is present in hem-containing proteins (hemoproteins) such as: hemoglobin, myoglobin, cytochromes,cytochrome oxidases, catalases and peroxidases. It is also a constituent of proteins which do not contain hem molecule: flavoproteins (succinate and NADH dehydrogenase) and of mitochondrial aconitase. In addition, iron takes part in many metabolic processes, among others in synthesis and catabolism of some hormones, synthesis of high-energy compounds and collagen, detoxification processes and immune reactions. It also participates in formation of reactive oxygen species which may exhibit both beneficial and harmful effects. Iron occurs in aqueous solutions as ferric (Fe+++) and ferrous (Fe++) ion. Although Fe+++ is hardly soluble, the organisms evolved mechanisms allowing to acquire and utilize that element irrespectively of its valency. The iron metabolism encompasses: intake, transport, participation in metabolism and storage. The iron metabolism undergoes in a closed cycle; in the physiological state only small amount of this metal is absorbed in the alimentary duct and disposed from the organism. A number of proteins is involved in iron metabolism including: ferritin, transferrin,transferrin receptor, divalent metal transporter (DMT1), cytochrome b, ferroportin, hephaestin, hepcidin and lactoferrin (LF). A beneficial effect of LF on iron acquisition in the gut is best documented.That process involves a receptor-mediated absorption of iron-bound LF through intestinal epithelial cells. The role of LF in transfer of iron from maternal milk may be of utmost importance. Many observations indicate also that LF participates in the process of iron storage,predominantly in the liver. Contradictory data exist, however, regarding the role of LF in iron transport to other cell types and organs.
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PMID:[The role of lactoferrin in the iron metabolism. Part I. Effect of lactofferin on intake, transport and iron storage]. 1900 83

Agricultural pesticide runoff has been suspected as the cause of numerous fish kills in rivers throughout Prince Edward Island but the impact on the surrounding marine environment is unknown. Endosulfan, an organochlorine pesticide, is a potent neurotoxin and molt inhibitor used to combat the Colorado potato beetle however it has the potential to affect non-target organisms including the American lobster (Homarus americanus). Metamorphosis is a critical stage of development and the effects of contaminant exposure during this time are largely unknown in lobster. A 14day endosulfan exposure was performed to identify the effects on survival, development and gene expression in lobster larvae during metamorphosis; all of which were predicted to be negatively impacted. The higher endosulfan concentrations resulted in greater mortality and a significant increase in the number of days required to reach metamorphosis in surviving animals. A custom made H. americanus microarray was used for monitoring the changes in expression of 14,592 genes at the termination of the exposure. Genes with >1.5 fold change and identified as being significant at p<0.05 using one-way ANOVA were selected for further analysis. A total of 707 genes were identified as being significantly differentiated, however with only ~40% annotation of the array, the majority of these genes were unknown. Annotated genes of interest were involved in many processes: development, metabolism, immunity and oxidative stress response and gene regulation. Nine genes of interest (histone H1, farnesoic acid O-methyltransferase, cuticle protein, glutathione S-transferase, thioredoxin, NADH dehydrogenase, ecdysone nuclear receptor Fushi tarazu F1 (FTZ-F1), ferritin and ecdysone inducible protein E75 (EIP-E75)) were selected for RT-qPCR validation of the microarray results. The RT-qPCR method was more sensitive than the microarray yet detected similar expression patterns. The two highest endosulfan concentrations resulted in increased mortalities, developmental delays in reaching metamorphosis and significant changes in gene expression. This research provides a foundation for using microarray gene expression profiles as screening tools for exploring the impact of environmental contaminants on lobster.
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PMID:Analysis of gene expression in Homarus americanus larvae exposed to sublethal concentrations of endosulfan during metamorphosis. 2404 15