Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P02794 (ferritin)
 17,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A radioimmunoassay has been developed to measure ferritin bound to the surface of isolated human peripheral blood mononuclear white blood cells (PBMs) in order to investigate the possible relationship of this phenomenon to breast and other forms of cancer. The assay measures the specific binding (%SP) of affinity-purified 125I-labeled rabbit anti-Hodgkin's spleen ferritin antibody to isolated patient PBMs. A preliminary prospective, preclinical trial on 300 patients was run which included: (a) normals, benign breast disease, and medical/surgical patients as non-cancer controls; (b) postoperative primary cancer and advanced cancer in clinical remission as post cancer controls; and (c) both early preoperative breast cancer patients and cancer patients with localized recurrences or active disseminated disease as test groups. The mean %SP for the non-cancer control groups was in the range of 4.3 to 5.1 (n = 187), which was identical to that for inactive cancer or postoperative cancer, which was no evidence of recurrence. Using a %SP normal cutoff level of 6.5, which resulted in a false-positive rate of approximately 10% for both non-cancer and post-cancer control groups, only 27% of early preoperative cancers (n = 22) gave elevated %SP values. These results suggest that measurement of ferritin-PBM is inappropriate for early disease diagnosis. In contrast, 91% of patients with advanced active breast cancer and 73% of those patients with other types of advanced cancers, including tumors of ovarian, lung, colon or esophageal origin, showed elevated %SP values more than double those of post-cancer controls. The mean %SP value in active advanced cancer was 10.8 for breast (n = 12) and 10.6 for all other solid tumors investigated (n = 34). Paired patient comparisons of ferritin-PBM and plasma carcinoembryonic antigen in breast cancer showed elevations in 91% of the patients for ferritin-PBM and 67% for carcinoembryonic antigen. Overall, these results suggest that patients with advanced cancer display elevated levels of ferritin on the surface of their PBMs and that this measurement may be a useful adjunct in monitoring and evaluating the clinical status of cancer patients.
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PMID:Measurement of ferritin-bearing peripheral mononuclear blood cells in cancer patients by radioimmunoassay. 674 24

Splenic lymphocytes of mice, immunized with membrane-enriched fractions of metastatic human mammary carcinoma tissues, were fused with the NS-1 non-immunoglobulin-secreting murine myeloma cell line. This resulted in the generation of hybridoma cultures secreting immunoglobulins reactive in solid-phase radioimmunoassays with extracts of metastatic mammary carcinoma cells from involved livers, but not with extracts of apparently normal human liver. As a result of further screening of immunoglobulin reactivities and double cloning of cultures, 11 monoclonal antibodies were chosen that demonstrated reactivities with human mammary tumor cells and not with apparently normal human tissues. These monoclonal antibodies could be placed into at least five major groups on the basis of their differential binding to the surface of various live human mammary tumor cells in culture, to extracts of mammary tumor tissues, or to tissue sections of mammary tumor cells studied by the immunoperoxidase technique. Whereas a spectrum of reactivities to mammary tumors was observed with the 11 monoclonal antibodies, no reactivity was observed to apparently normal cells of the following human tissues: breast, lymph node, lung, skin, testis, kidney, thymus, bone marrow, spleen, uterus, thyroid, intestine, liver, bladder, tonsils, stomach, prostate, and salivary gland. Several of the antibodies also demonstrated a "pancarcinoma" reactivity, showing binding to selected non-breast carcinomas. None of the monoclonal antibodies showed binding to purified ferritin or carcinoembryonic antigen. Monoclonal antibodies of all five major groups, however, demonstrated binding to human metastatic mammary carcinoma cells both in axillary lymph nodes and at distal sites.
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PMID:A spectrum of monoclonal antibodies reactive with human mammary tumor cells. 678 31

An oncofetal pancreatic antigen (OPA) has been identified and purified from the blood of patients with pancreatic cancer. Characterisation studies on OPA have shown that it is a protein of molecular weight 40 000 with alpha2 electrophoretic mobility. OPA is clearly different from alpha-fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen, ferritin, acute phase reactants, and normal serum proteins. A rocket immunoassay has been developed allowing the quantitation of OPA in serum; it has been applied to samples from over 700 individuals with a variety of conditions. Elevated levels of OPA have been found in 42 of 48 (88%) patients with biopsy-proven pancreatic cancer and in a much smaller percentage of patients with other cancers or with other conditions considered in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. The studies indicate that serum OPA measurements may be useful as a preliminary screening test for pancreatic cancer and for monitoring the course of the disease.
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PMID:Partial characterisation of an oncofetal pancreatic antigen. Its role in the differential diagnosis and therapy of patients with pancreatic cancer. 702 32

Up to fifteen plasma proteins were measured before treatment in 249 women presenting with lumps in the breast. Concentrations showed considerable overlap between the various clinical stages, and were often normal even in metastatic disease. A discriminant function is proposed, based on measurement of C-reactive protein, beta 2-microglobulin, carcinoembryonic antigen and ferritin and calculation of a score for each subject. High-risk scores resulted for all 18 patients with Stage 4 (i.e., metastatic) disease, and the number of Stage 1 patients attaining high scores was consistent with the reported incidence of development of metastases in such a group. Follow-up studies are in progress.
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PMID:Biochemical aids to the staging of breast cancer. 703 64

The various histologic components of 39 germ cell tumors of the testis were studied with indirect labeled immunoperoxidase technique for the presence of the following tumor-associated antigens: alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), alpha 1-antitrypsin (A1AT), chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), specific pregnancy beta 1-glycoprotein (SP1), human placental lactogen (HPL), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and ferritin (Fe). Embryonal carcinoma components were positive for AFP in 9/16, for A1AT in 6/16, for CEA in 2/16, and for Fe in 14/16. All yolk-sac tumor components were positive for AFP and Fe, and 8/13 contained A1AT and 2/13 CEA. Epithelium in teratoid components was positive for AFP in 5/14 cases, for A1AT in 8/14, for CEA in 7/14, and for Fe in 8/14. Syncytial trophoblast in choriocarcinoma components and syncytial giant cells were all positive for HCG, SP1 and HPL. In addition, tumor giant cells in two nonseminomatous tumors and in one seminoma contained HCG. Otherwise, all pure seminomas were negative for all antigens, except for Fe, which was positive in 12/16 cases. Demonstration of this functional aspect of germ cell tumors of the testis may clarify problems of classification and elucidate histogenesis. Furthermore, immunohistochemical demonstration of tumor-associated antigens is of value in the management of the patient as an indicator of which tumor markers should be used for monitoring the treatment. In addition, the presence of tumor-associated antigens may be used in prognostic evaluation.
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PMID:Distribution of tumor-associated antigens in the various histologic components of germ cell tumors of the testis. 719 54

Studies on the purification, characterization and clinical application of pancreatic oncofetal antigen were reported. This antigen was purified from fetal pancreas, and migrated in the beta-region on electrophoresis. Its molecular weight was about 80 x 10(4) daltons on gel filtration with a Sephacryl S-300. This antigen is clearly different from other oncofetal antigens such as alfafetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen or ferritin. Clinically, this pancreatic oncofetal antigen was positive in sera of 68.4% of the patients with pancreatic cancer. However, elevated level of this antigen was also observed in the sera of some patients with biliary tract cancer, colon cancer or gastric cancer. The antigen was also found in pancreatic juice obtained from patients with pancreatic cancer in almost the same incidence as in their sera. It is suggested that a pancreatic oncofetal antigen assay of sera and pancreatic juice in combination with other oncofetal antigens is valuable for the diagnosis and monitoring the clinical course of pancreatic cancer.
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PMID:A pancreatic oncofetal antigen: its partial purification and clinical application. 726 7

Serum concentrations of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), ferritin, and calcitonin were measured in 107 patients with breast cancer, 80 of whom had overt or occult metastatic disease. CEA and ferritin values were statistically higher in those patients with metastases. In contrast, there was no correlation between calcitonin concentrations and the stage of the disease. All 27 subjects with CEA concentrations greater than 80 microgram/liter and 32 of 40 with values between 41-80 microgram/liter had metastatic disease. Ferritin was a definite but less sensitive discriminator, with metastatic disease present in all nine patients having concentrations greater than 400 microgram/liter. Such metastases were invariably hepatic. When the two measurements were used as a combined discriminant, the diagnostic accuracy increased somewhat. All 32 patients with CEA concentration greater than microgram/liter and/or a ferritin concentration greater than 400 microgram/liter had metastatic disease; the same was true for 32 of the 42 subjects with CEA concentration between 41-80 microgram/liter and/or a ferritin concentration between 200-400 microgram/liter. The measurements had prognostic value, both when assessed alone and together, with a median survival from the time of study significantly shorter in those with the highest values.
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PMID:Significance of serum concentrations of carcinoembryonic antigen, ferritin, and calcitonin in breast cancer. 728 63

A large number of markers associated with breast cancer have been tested for potential usefulness in the initial diagnosis, the evaluation of prognosis, the detection of recurrence and the assessment of response to therapy. Useful but limited information has been obtained in some of the cases by measuring the levels of a number of markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen, ferritin and haptoglobin. None of the known markers are specific for breast cancer and no single marker is elevated in all patients with advanced disease. Studies with multiple markers may provide better coverage. A great deal of attention is being focused on the level of immune complexes that are found in 30 to 50% of the patients. It has been claimed that immune complex levels tend to rise in patients with advanced disease, but these claims await further confirmation. The only makers likely to be useful for early diagnosis are tumor-associated antigens (TAA). Several putative TAA have been identified, but clinical trials employing TAA are still a long way off. Identification of breast cancer TAA may be facilitated by current analyses of immune complexes isolated from patients. Preliminary results of such analyses suggest that immune complexes recovered from patients with breast cancer may contain antigens not present in patients with nonmalignant diseases.
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PMID:Markers in breast cancer. 730 74

Hepatoblastoma, although rare, is the most common primary malignant neoplasm of the liver in children. In this paper we describe a case of hepatoblastoma with unusual cytologic features and present the histologic, immunocytochemical and ultrastructural features of this neoplasm. A 7-month-old girl presented with a large hepatic mass and metastatic nodules in both lungs. Intraoperative biopsy revealed a hepatoblastoma. Aspiration biopsy yielded a highly cellular aspirate with cords of pleomorphic cells embedded in a mucoid matrix. Histologic sections showed a diffusely infiltrative neoplasm composed of sheets and cords of highly pleomorphic cells. The neoplastic cells stained strongly positive for cytokeratin CAM 5.2 and AE1 and focally positive for alpha-fetoprotein, ferritin, carcinoembryonic antigen and vimentin. Ultrastructurally, the neoplastic cells had abundant intercellular junctions and intracytoplasmic aggregates of intermediate filaments. A mucoid matrix, to our knowledge, has not been reported as a finding on aspiration biopsy. This patient presented with pulmonary metastases, and thus we think the mucoid matrix may be a marker of a more aggressive variant of hepatoblastoma. This case illustrates additional cytologic features of hepatoblastoma and the usefulness of aspiration biopsy in the rapid diagnosis of this rare tumor.
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PMID:Hepatoblastoma. Report of a case with cytologic, histologic and ultrastructural findings. 751 34

The value of pre-treatment serum tumour marker levels in 85 consecutive patients of newly diagnosed metastatic breast cancer was prospectively assessed for predicting response to therapy and survival. The markers studied were carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), orosomucoid (ORO), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C reactive protein (CRP), ferritin (FERR), human milk fat globule membrane 1 and 2 (HMFG1 and 2), CA 15-3 and NCRC-11. There was no correlation between serum marker levels and response to therapy. Only serum concentrations of CRP (P = 0.02), FERR (P = 0.001), HMFG1 (P = 0.004) and HMFG2 (P = 0.04) were predictive for survival. The prognostic significance of HMFG1 was restricted to a minority of patients (7%) with extreme values of these serum markers.
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PMID:Pre-treatment serum levels of tumour markers in metastatic breast cancer: a prospective assessment of their role in predicting response to therapy and survival. 758 94


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