Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P02794 (ferritin)
 17,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The present study analyzes the influence of the nutritional status on the functional capability of 11 institutionalized elderly living in Madrid (Spain). Nutritional status was evaluated by dietetic, anthropometric, hematological and biochemical data and functional status was evaluated considering adiposity, strength in hands and legs bent and stretched and flexibility. The most important nutritional problems that conditional functional wastages are obesity, hypercholesterolemia and protein and micronutrient deficiency. The adverse influence of obesity and hypercholesterolemia on the functional capacity of the elderly is shown by the inverse relationship between flexibility and strength in hands and legs with the adiposity degree, with the thickness of skin folds and the cholesterolemia. In reference to the diet's influence, there are positive correlations between food intake and most of the nutrients with hand and legs strength, and there are statistical significances for proteins, iron, zinc, magnesium and pyridoxine, and also for vitamin C, niacin, thiamin, folic acid and vitamin E. For blood values, the mayor correlation exists between functional parameters and iron, ferritin and vitamin C levels. Our results contribute to confirm the influence of nutrition on the functional capacity of the influence of nutrition on the functional capacity of the elderly and manifest the necessity of improving the elderly's diet, to prevent micronutrient deficiency and also the necessity of increasing their physical activity. Both measures will mean an important help for sanitary and functional improvement of the elderly.
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PMID:[Effect of nutrition on the functional capacity of a group of elderly Spaniards]. 134 53

Anthropometric data, nutrient intake data, and blood biochemical parameters were analyzed for 66 elementary school children living in Tokyo, Japan, and their nutritional status was evaluated focusing on three problems: (1) zinc nutriture and growth, (2) anemia with iron deficiency, and (3) lipid nutriture and obesity. The subjects' mean energy and protein intakes met the recommended levels for Japanese children. However, their zinc intake levels were inadequate at 7.2, 8.3, and 8.5 mg in grades 2 (mean age: 8 yr), 4 (10 yr), and 6 (12 yr), respectively. Mean serum zinc concentration was 0.82 +/- 0.15 microgram/ml; the percentages of subjects who showed serum zinc concentration lower than 0.68 microgram/ml, the lower limit of the normal serum zinc concentration, were 28.6, 15.4, and 5.0% in grades 2, 4, and 6, respectively. These serum zinc concentrations indicated the existence of marginal zinc deficiency in some children, particularly in grade 2, though it was not severe enough to retard growth. Their iron intake levels (8.2, 10.2, and 10.2 mg for grades 2, 4, and 6, respectively) in combination with the proportion of iron intake from animal foods (37%) were judged to be adequate because no children showed serum ferritin, serum iron, or transferrin saturation levels lower than the criteria levels recommended for iron deficiency. Moreover, no definitely anemic children were found. Daily lipid intakes were 65.7, 74.5, and 78.3 g in grades 2, 4, and 6, respectively, and the mean percentage of energy intake from lipid to total energy intake, 32%, exceeded the level recommended. Mean serum total cholesterol concentrations and the percentage of subjects with elevated cholesterol levels (greater than or equal to 200 mg/dl) were high compared with the reported values. Means of the body mass index (BMI) and Rohrer Index (RI) for the subjects were slightly higher than Japanese standards. With these parameters for obesity, triglycerides and atherogenic index were positively correlated and HDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol percentage to total cholesterol were negatively correlated.
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PMID:Nutritional assessment of a group of Japanese elementary school children in Tokyo: with special emphasis on growth, anemia, and obesity. 150 23

The effect of hypercholesterolemia on the platelet surface charge was examined in rabbits fed a lipid-rich diet (0.5% cholesterol and 5% butter). The strong anionic sites were detected with cationized ferritin (CF) pI 8.4, and the sialic acid concentration was evaluated by biochemical assays. In normal rabbits (average plasma cholesterol 0.36 +/- 0.05 mg/ml, and total platelet sialic acid 30.03 +/- 6 micrograms/mg protein) the platelet surface displayed a homogeneous distribution of CF, which also labeled the open canalicular system. Beginning with the third week of diet, at a plasma cholesterol level of 4.6 +/- 0.3 mg/ml, a reduction in the overall platelet negative charge was observed. As the diet progressed and the plasma cholesterol level increased, the CF binding to platelet surface diminished up to an almost total disappearance when the plasma cholesterol reached 18 mg/ml (the 20th week of diet). At the same time a progressive decrease in the sialic acid content up to 5.1 micrograms/mg protein was detected. These results suggest that diet-induced hyperlipidemia causes significant alterations in the platelet surface negative charge, especially in the sialic acid content.
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PMID:Changes in the platelet surface charge in rabbits with experimental hypercholesterolemia. 321 61

The adhesion of immunoglobulins (IgG) and beta-migrating very low density lipoproteins (beta-VLDL) to aortic valve cusps from normolipidemic and hypercholesterolemic rabbits is associated with cytochemical changes in the endothelial glycocalyx. Endothelial surface changes are characterized by (1) enzymatic degradations with neuraminidase (NEU), chondroitinase ABC (CABC) or AC, and heparitinase (HPT); and (2) affinity cytochemistry with avidin-ferritin, protein A-HRP, and beta-VLDL-colloidal gold. NEU facilitated IgG deposition on cells from normolipid animals; however, tandem treatment with NEU and CABC increased beta-VLDL but prevented IgG interactions. The addition of HPT was required to eliminate beta-VLDL activity. The cells lining the arterial surfaces of cusps from hypercholesterolemic animals were reactive for endogenous IgG and beta-VLDL-gold. CABC enhanced the binding of the latter but removed most of the IgG. All reactivity was prevented by CABC and HPT. These findings suggest that the reduction of sialic acid residues and exposure of deeper lying glycosaminoglycans in the endothelial glycocalyx favor the interaction of blood-borne elements at natural sites of disturbed blood flow in dietary hypercholesterolemia.
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PMID:Interactions of IgG and beta-VLDL with aortic valve endothelium from hypercholesterolemic rabbits. 332 1

The luminal surface properties of aortic and mitral valve endothelium in hypercholesterolemic rabbits were examined with the aid of cationic ferritin (CF), ferritin-lectins (FWGA, FRCA, FSBA), and low density lipoprotein-colloidal gold (LDL-Gold) conjugates. Based upon comparative studies with normocholesterolemic rabbit valves, the number of CF and wheat germ agglutinin (FWGA) particles per 100 nm of endothelial surface was found to be reduced in moderate hypercholesterolemia (450 mg/dl). Conversely, the number of Ricinus communis agglutinin (FRCA) and soybean agglutinin (FSBA) conjugates were increased. Quantitation of the CF and FWGA particles demonstrated that the endothelium lining of the valve surfaces (i.e., the arterial surfaces of the aortic cusps, AA, and the ventricular surfaces of the mitral cusps, MV) exposed to more turbulent hemodynamic conditions displayed the greatest densities of particle counts. Cholesterol levels of 400-500 mg/dl produced a loss of characteristic differences in the number of ferritin particles that existed between the two surfaces of a cusp. Especially prominent over the AA and MV surfaces, these changes represented a reduction in the anionic properties of the endothelial glycocalyx. Enzymatic digestion demonstrated the reduction in surface sialic acid residues to be one of the major factors responsible for these early changes at the blood-endothelium interface. More severe hypercholesterolemia (700-900 mg/dl) resulted in even further reductions in the number of ferritin particles over the AA and MV surfaces but enhanced the binding of LDL-Gold. Chondroitinase studies of these specimens demonstrated that the initial loss of sialic acids at moderate serum levels unmasks deeper lying components of the glycocalyx (e.g., sulfated glycosaminoglycans) and augments the attachment of LDL molecules to the endothelial surface. The findings of this study suggest that specific macromolecular changes in the endothelial glycocalyx in diet-induced hypercholesterolemia occur at vascular locales where hemodynamic forces such as eddy formations and blood stagnation impinge against the vascular wall.
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PMID:A cytochemical study of the surface properties of aortic and mitral valve endothelium from hypercholesterolemic rabbits. 372 Sep 17

Iron, a major oxidant in vivo, could be involved in atherosclerosis through the induction of the formation of oxidized LDL, a major atherogenic factor. This study was designed to test this hypothesis experimentally. Four groups of New Zealand White rabbits were included: iron-overloaded/hypercholesterolemic (group A, n = 8), iron-overloaded (group B, n = 6), hypercholesterolemic (group C, n = 6), and untreated (group D, n = 6). Iron overload was achieved by the intramuscular administration of 1.5 g of iron dextran divided in 30 doses. Hypercholesterolemia was produced by feeding rabbit chow enriched with 0.5% (wt/wt) cholesterol. Serum iron, ferritin, cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipoperoxides in serum were measured throughout the study. Lipoperoxides were measured at the end of the study in liver, aorta, and spleen homogenates. Aortas of groups A and C had multiple lesions; however, group A had greater lesional involvement than group C (P < .05). Lesions were not observed in rabbits fed normal chow (group D). As expected, serum iron and ferritin were above normal levels in groups A and B. Serum cholesterol increased in groups A and C. Lipoperoxides in liver and spleen homogenates of iron-overloaded rabbits were increased. Interestingly, iron deposits were seen by ultrastructural studies in the arterial walls of rabbits in groups A and B. Our study suggests that iron overload augments the formation of atherosclerotic lesions in hypercholesterolemic rabbits.
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PMID:Iron overload augments the development of atherosclerotic lesions in rabbits. 754 98

We hypothesized that the formation of foam cells and fatty streaks requires a postsecretory oxidative modification of lipoproteins that targets them for rapid uptake by macrophages. Lipid peroxidation may in part depend on the concentration of tissue iron, one of the major oxidants in vivo. We analyzed the relation between sonographically assessed carotid atherosclerosis and body iron stores in a population sample of 847 men and women aged 40 to 79 years. In a logistic regression analysis adjusting for age, sex, and all major vascular risk markers, ferritin emerged as one of the strongest indicators of carotid artery disease in both sexes (40 to 59 years; odds ratio, 1.54 per 100 micrograms/L; P < .001). The predictive significance of ferritin was found to be synergistic with that of hypercholesterolemia. Variations in body iron stores between sexes may partly explain evident sex differences in the expression of carotid atherosclerosis. In the elderly (> or = 60 years) the predictive significance of ferritin was found to decrease parallel to that of apolipoprotein B. The current study suggests a possible role of body iron in early atherogenesis.
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PMID:Body iron stores and presence of carotid atherosclerosis. Results from the Bruneck Study. 791 13

In 1990 Scopinaro's technique of biliopancreatic diversion with distal gastrectomy (DG) and gastroileostomy was modified. A sleeve gastrectomy with duodenal switch (DS) was used instead of the distal gastrectomy; and the length of the common channel was made 100 cm instead of 50 cm. A questionnaire and a prescription for blood work were sent to 252 patients who underwent DG a mean 8.3 years ago (range 6-13 years) and 465 patients who underwent DS 4.1 years ago (range 1.7-6.0 years). The questionnaire response rate was 93%, and laboratory work was completed for 65% of both groups. The mean weight loss after DG was 37 +/- 21 kg and after DS 46 +/- 20 kg. There were fewer side effects after DS: The number of daily stools was lower (p < 0.0002), as was the prevalence of diarrhea (p < 0.01), vomiting (p < 0.001), and bone pain (p < 0.001). Greater benefits related to several aspects of life were reported after DS than DG (p < 0.0001). The mean serum levels of ferritin, calcium, and vitamin A were higher (p < 0.001), and parathyroid hormone was lower. The yearly revision rate for excessive malabsorption was 1.7% per year after DG and 0.1% per year after DS. The two procedures were equally efficient for treating co-morbid conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia. Biliopancreatic diversion with sleeve gastrectomy/duodenal switch and a 100-cm common limb was shown to produce greater weight loss with fewer side effects.
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PMID:Biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch. 971 20

The epidemiology of maintenance dialysis patients and heart failure patients has striking similarities. Both groups have a high prevalence of comorbid conditions, a high hospitalization rate, a low self-reported quality of life, and an excessively high mortality risk, mostly because of cardiovascular causes. Observational studies in both dialysis and heart failure patients have indicated the lack of a significant association between the traditional cardiovascular risk factors and mortality, or the existence of a paradoxic or reverse association, in that obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension appear to confer survival advantages. The time discrepancy between the 2 sets of risk factors, that is, overnutrition (long-term killer) versus undernutrition (short-term killer) may explain the overwhelming role of malnutrition, inflammation, and cachexia in causing the reverse epidemiology, which may exist in more than 20 million Americans. We have reviewed the opposing views about the concept of reverse epidemiology in dialysis and heart failure patients, the recent Die Deutsche Diabetes Dialyze study findings, and the possible role of racial disparities. Contradictory findings on hyperhomocysteinemia in dialysis patients are reviewed in greater details as a possible example of publication bias. Additional findings related to intravenous iron and serum ferritin, calcium, and leptin levels in dialysis patients may enhance our understanding of the new paradigm. The association between obesity and increased death risk in kidney transplanted patients is reviewed as an example of the reversal of reverse epidemiology. Studying the epidemiology of dialysis patients as the archetypical population with such paradoxic associations may lead to the development of population-specific guidelines and treatment strategies beyond the current Framingham cardiovascular risk factor paradigm.
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PMID:Epidemiology of dialysis patients and heart failure patients. 1653 Jun 5

Hypercholesterolemia is a potential trigger of Alzheimer's disease, and is thought to increase brain levels of beta-amyloid (Abeta) and iron. However, animal models to address the mechanisms by which Abeta and iron accumulation may cause neuronal damage are poorly defined. To address this question, we fed adult rabbits a 1% cholesterol-enriched diet for 7 months. This diet was associated with increased regional deposition of both iron and Abeta peptide in the brain. Iron preferentially accumulated around Abeta plaques in the adjacent cortex, but was not found in the hippocampus. Co-localization of iron and Abeta was accompanied by apoptosis, DNA damage, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, as well as dysregulation in the level of the iron-regulatory proteins, ferritin and heme-oxygenase-1. We further demonstrate that the cholesterol diet-induced apoptosis is mediated by the activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway, involving the down-regulation of the endoplasmic reticulum chaperones, calreticulin, grp78 and grp94, and the activation of the growth and arrest DNA damage protein, gadd153. Our results suggest that BBB damage and disturbances in iron metabolism may render the cortex more vulnerable than the hippocampus to the cholesterol-induced cellular stress.
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PMID:Deposition of iron and beta-amyloid plaques is associated with cortical cellular damage in rabbits fed with long-term cholesterol-enriched diets. 1702 98


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