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Query: UNIPROT:P02794 (ferritin)
 17,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A nutritional anaemia survey was carried out on 610 11-year-old coloured, black and white schoolchildren in urban and rural communities in the western Cape. The mean (+/- 1 SD) haemoglobin concentration was 13.0 +/- 1.2 g/dl. The coloured and black subgroups considered together had a significantly lower mean haemoglobin concentration than the white subgroup (12.8 +/- 1.2 g/dl v. 13.4 +/- 1.0 g/dl) (F = 37.47; P less than 0.0001). The urban population as a whole had a significantly lower geometric mean (1 SD range) serum ferritin concentration than the rural population (25.6 (13.5-48.6) micrograms/l v. 34.1 (21.3-54.6) micrograms/l) (F = 42.94; P less than 0.0001). The lowest geometric mean serum ferritin values were found in the urban coloured (23.1 (11.5-46.4) micrograms/l) and urban black schoolchildren (23.7 (13.2-42.6) micrograms/l), with figures of less than 12 micrograms/l in 11.7% and 12.5% respectively. Although 28% of the children had red cell folate values below the recommended lower limit of normal (175 ng/ml), probability plot analysis of the data suggested that folate deficiency was not a major problem in the study population. The calculated daily iron and folate intakes were below the age-related recommended dietary allowance (RDA) in all the subgroups, yet anaemia was relatively uncommon. These findings suggest that the RDA values are too high. Overall the prevalence of nutritional anaemia was low and only the urban coloured subgroup showed significant second populations with low haemoglobin and serum ferritin measurements.
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PMID:Nutritional anaemia in 11-year-old schoolchildren in the western Cape. 335 29

A nutritional anaemia survey was carried out in 224 pregnant coloured first-time attenders at Coronation Hospital antenatal clinic in Johannesburg during the second quarter of 1986. None had received any form of nutritional supplementation during pregnancy. Haemoglobin concentrations less than 11 g/dl were present in 18.9% of women in the third trimester of pregnancy, while 64% had a saturation of transferrin value of less than 16% and 68% a serum ferritin level less than 12 micrograms/l. Calculations suggested that mean iron stores in the first trimester were 228 mg, with 37.5% of women having absent stores. Comparable figures in the second and third trimesters were 74 mg and -92 mg respectively. The fact that many were iron deficient in the first trimester indicates a high frequency of iron deficiency in non-pregnant women in this population group. Although 20.8% of the women had red cell folate values below the normal range for non-pregnant subjects, folate deficiency did not appear to be a significant problem. Vitamin B12 deficiency was very uncommon.
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PMID:Nutritional anaemia in pregnant coloured women in Johannesburg. 335 30

Frequency of anaemia was estimated by two methods for 254 menstruating women living in South-eastern Algeria. One method defines the frequency of anaemia as the percentage of women with haemoglobin concentrations below the cut-off point defined by WHO (12 g/dl). The second method defines the frequency of anaemia as the percentage of women whose haemoglobin values are shifted downwards relative to a Gaussian distribution of haemoglobin of nonanaemic women. The conventional cut-off point probably tends to overestimate the true frequency of anaemia: 7% of women with haemoglobin concentration less than 12 g/dl were not found as anaemic using the cumulative frequency method. The contribution of iron deficiency folate deficiency and inflammatory process was estimated using the cumulative frequency distribution after excluding respectively women with biological evidence of iron deficiency (serum ferritin of 12 micrograms/l or less, transferrin saturation less than 15% and/or MCV less than 80 fl), of folate deficiency (red blood cell folates less than 100 micrograms/l) and of inflammatory process (C. Reactive Protein more than 12 mg/l, orosomucoid more than 1.4 g/l or white cell counts of more than 10,000/mm3). According to this method iron deficiency represented the most important cause of anaemia in the context of our sample: iron deficiency contributed to 77% of anaemia. Folate deficiency and inflammatory processes do not in themselves appear to contribute to anaemia.
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PMID:Evaluation of the frequency of anaemia and iron-deficiency anaemia in a group of Algerian menstruating women by a mixed distribution analysis: contribution of folate deficiency and inflammatory processes in the determination of anaemia. 338 32

We assessed the nutritional status of 302 menstruating women living in three urban, semi-rural and rural areas of eastern Algeria. The anthropometric data and the biochemical measurements (serum levels of total proteins, albumin, transferrin and prealbumin) have shown the absence of protein malnutrition and the evidence of problems of overweight, whatever the criterion used (body mass index or relative weight). There were no differences according to the residence. Anemia (defined by WHO references) was observed in 28% of urban women, 19% of semi-rural women and in 32% of rural women. Iron deficiency (defined by the association of serum ferritin level of 12 micrograms/l or less and transferrin saturation less than 15%) was observed in 29, 27 and 22% of the cases, respectively. Folate deficiency (defined by concentration of red blood cell folates of less than 100 micrograms/l) was observed in 48, 45 and 22% of cases, respectively. Finally, 81% of anemia were associated with biochemical evidence of iron and/or folate deficiency.
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PMID:[Assessment of the nutritional status of Algerian women in the reproductive age living in an urban, rural and semi-rural area]. 349 8

Iron status, folacin status, haemoglobinopathies, malarial infection and intestinal parasitosis frequencies were assessed in a representative sample of 586 subjects living in a rural district of South Benin. Anaemia according to WHO reference values for haemoglobin was observed in 42 per cent of subjects. The prevalence was higher in children and menstruating women. Iron deficiency, defined by two or more abnormal values in the four independent indicators of iron status used (transferrin saturation, erythrocyte protoporphyrin, serum ferritin, and mean corpuscular volume) was present in 30 per cent of subjects. Half of the anaemias were associated with iron deficiency. Folate deficiency was associated with anaemia in 20 per cent of subjects. Anaemia, iron and folacin status were not significantly related to the degree of malarial infection nor to the type of haemoglobin. Although hookworm infection was very common, there was no significant relationship between egg count and haemoglobin level or haematological parameters of iron and folacin status. The lack of correlation can be explained by the low wormload observed.
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PMID:Relationship between anaemia, iron and folacin deficiency, haemoglobinopathies and parasitic infection. 353 63

An assessment of iron and folic acid status, blood thick film and haemoglobin (Hb) electrophoresis was performed on 126 pregnant women (and their newborn infants) and in ninety-five menstruating women in Cotonou (Benin). Anaemia (according to the World Health Organization (1972] was observed in 55% of pregnant women and in 39% of menstruating women. Fe-deficiency was defined as a low serum ferritin concentration (12 micrograms/l or less), combined with a low transferrin saturation (less than 16%) or a high erythrocyte protoporphyrin level (more than 3 micrograms/g Hb), or both. A moderate elevation in the serum ferritin concentration (between 13 and 50 micrograms/l), associated with a low transferrin saturation or a high erythrocyte protoporphyrin level, or both, indicated Fe-deficiency in an inflammatory context. Fe-deficiency was present in 73% of pregnant women and in 41% of menstruating women. Folate deficiency (defined as erythrocyte folate below 160 micrograms/l) was observed in 45% of pregnant women. In pregnant women, anaemia was associated with Fe-deficiency in 83% of cases and with folate deficiency in 48% of cases. Haemoglobinopathies were mainly heterozygous and did not seem to contribute significantly to anaemia. Intensity of malaria was not related to Hb level, but Plasmodium falciparum was found in 99% of subjects. Hb concentration and mean corpuscular volume were significantly lower in babies born of Fe-deficient mothers than in babies born of Fe-sufficient mothers. Hb concentration in newborn infants was positively correlated with maternal serum ferritin.
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PMID:Nutritional anaemia in pregnant Beninese women: consequences on the haematological profile of the newborn. 355 28

Iron deficiency anemia has more serious consequences on the health of people in developing than developed nations. In Karachi Pakistan 300 subjects were examined to determine the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia: 100 children (49 males and 51 females) aged 2-6 years; 100 females aged 17-21 years with no history of pregnancy; and 100 females aged 25-35 with at least 1 prior pregnancy. Most subjects came from the lower to middle income groups, with only 10% from the higher income bracket. Blood samples were taken to measure serum ferratin, serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), red cell indices and films. Results showed that anemia was present in 47% of the children, a 30% of the adult females. More than half of both children and adult females had serum ferritin levels measuring below normal. Elevated iron binding capacity and reduced serum iron levels were found in many subjects. In the children, iron deficiency may be superimposed on folate deficiency. As a result, low levels of serum ferritin go hand in hand with iron depletion, and this is directly dependent upon the diet and socioeconomic conditions of the populace.
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PMID:Iron depletion and anaemia: prevalence, consequences, diagnostic and therapeutic implications in a developing Pakistani population. 362 93

Serum ferritin, folate, cobalamin and hemoglobin concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay, radioisotopic assay, radioassay and an automated hematology analyser respectively, and then analysed in 221 normal full-term pregnant women in order to evaluate the incidence and the prevalence of nutritional anemia in pregnancy. None of them had received any hematonic during their pregnancy. Their mean age was 27.68 years and the mean duration of pregnancy was 39.51 weeks. Twenty-three (10.41%) of these previously non-anemic pregnant women had clinical anemia after full-term pregnancy. Of the 23 women, 11 (47.83%) had iron-deficiency anemia, with serum ferritin less than 12 micrograms/l; another 11 women had some degree of iron depletion, with serum ferritin less than 20 micrograms/l. So in 22 of the 23 anemic women (95.65%) the cause of anemia may correlate to iron depletion. The remaining one had folate-deficiency anemia. No pure cobalamin deficiency anemia was found in this study. Among the 198 non-anemic normal full-term pregnant women, 92 (46.46%) had iron depletion (serum ferritin less than 20 micrograms/l), of whom 35 (17.68%) had severe iron deficiency, with serum ferritin less than 12 micrograms/l. Another 3 had folate deficiency and 3 had cobalamin deficiency. By including all the anemic and non-anemic pregnant women, 114 (51.58%) of them had some degree of iron depletion. In other words, pregnancy can produce a considerable degree of iron depletion in more than half of the previously non-anemic women.
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PMID:Serum ferritin, folate and cobalamin levels and their correlation with anemia in normal full-term pregnant women. 366 65

In order to develop a diagnostic approach to the common problem of anemia associated with alcoholism, 121 chronic alcoholics admitted to a general medical service with a low hematocrit were evaluated. Multiple contributing causes of anemia were present in most patients. Megaloblastic marrow change was found in 33.9% of patients, sideroblastic change in 23.1%, absent iron stores in 13.2%, aggregated macrophage iron in 81.0%, and acute blood loss in 24.8%. The MCV was of little value in predicting the presence of megaloblastic change unless markedly elevated (greater than 110 fl). In 15 of 41 patients with megaloblastic marrow morphology (36.6%) the MCV was normal or low. Among 40 patients with MCV values between 100 and 110 fl, megaloblastic change was not present in the bone marrow smears of 24 (60.0%). Neutrophil hypersegmentation was 95% specific but only 78% sensitive for megaloblastic change; in contrast, the presence of macroovalocytosis was 90% sensitive but only 68% specific. Serum lactic dehydrogenase, plasma folate, and erythrocyte folate levels had such low sensitivities and specificities for megaloblastic change as to be of little predictive value. Hematologic responses to folic acid were often inadequate in patients with megaloblastic morphologic changes, apparently because of associated acute and chronic illness. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that 2 mechanisms account for the development of megaloblastic hematopoiesis in alcoholics: induction of folate deficiency and a direct toxic effect of alcohol on erythroid precursors independent of folate depletion, as reflected by the presence of normal plasma and erythrocyte folate levels in several patients with megaloblastic change. In no patient was sideroblastic change the sole apparent cause of anemia. Megaloblastic hematopoiesis and aggregated macrophage iron frequently accompanied sideroblastic change. Examination of the blood smear revealed siderocytes in one-third of patients with sideroblastic marrows and dimorphic erythrocyte morphology in the majority. Dimorphic blood smears, however, were neither sensitive nor specific for sideroblastic change. Serum iron concentrations were usually not elevated in the group with sideroblastic abnormalities. In predicting marrow iron stores, serum iron and iron-binding capacity concentrations were often non-diagnostic or misleading. Serum ferritin levels less than 100 ng/ml, however, showed 100% sensitivity and 95% specificity for absent marrow iron stores despite the frequent presence of abnormal liver function. On the basis of our findings, practical guidelines have been formulated for the evaluation and therapy of anemia in alcohol
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PMID:Anemia in alcoholics. 374 28

Of the 85 female marathon runners examined in this study, 14 (16%) had serum ferritin levels below 40 ng/ml but only two (2%) had iron deficiency anaemia (haemoglobin below 12 g/dl); 28 (33%) had serum folate levels below 4.8 ng/ml and of these two (2%) had haemoglobin levels below 12 g/dl and 13 (15%) had mean corpuscular volumes greater than 95 fl. One week after treatment with oral folate (5 mg/day) or iron (50 mg of elemental iron/day), serum ferritin and folate levels were normal but maximum oxygen uptake, maximum treadmill running time, peak blood lactate levels and the running speed at the blood 'lactate turnpoint' were not changed from values measured during an identical test performed 1 week earlier. These parameters were also unchanged in a third exercise test performed after a further 10 weeks of treatment. Serum folate or serum ferritin levels in a control (placebo-treated) group with initially high serum ferritin or folate levels fell with placebo treatment but maximum treadmill running time, maximum oxygen uptake values, peak blood lactate levels and the running speed at the blood 'lactate turnpoint' were unchanged. We conclude that biochemical evidence of iron and folate deficiency is relatively common in female distance runners; that 1 week of treatment corrects the biochemical evidence of folate and iron deficiency but that such treatment does not influence maximal exercise performance nor does it alter blood lactate levels during exercise. In the absence of iron deficiency anaemia, iron therapy for reduced serum ferritin levels, or folate therapy for low serum folate levels, may not improve maximal treadmill performance even in trained runners.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The effect of iron and folate therapy on maximal exercise performance in female marathon runners with iron and folate deficiency. 382 89


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