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Query: UNIPROT:P02794 (ferritin)
 17,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Iron and iron binding proteins are involved in various regulatory mechanisms in infections and tumors. Chronic infections and tumors are the most common reasons of anemias in hospitalized patients in industrial countries . Although a lot of investigative work has been done to identify the underlying mechanisms many details are still poorly understood. This paper gives a review of our present knowledge from experimental work, reported in the literature together with own results. The main emphasis is laid on new findings about the importance of a possible regulatory role of iron and iron bindings proteins on the surface of cells of the immune system in the immunosurveillance as well as in non immune functions. Using a cytotoxic assay with a monoclonal antiplacental ferritin antibody which was developed by C. Moroz, surface ferritin was not only detected on peripheral mononuclear cells of patients with early stages of breast cancer but also in patients with rheumatoid arthritis which has not been reported so far. Possible connections of inflammatory states with tumors are discussed regarding the results with ferritin bearing lymphocytes together with other findings about the role of cell bound iron binding proteins in conditions of tumor and inflammation.
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PMID:[Iron and iron binding proteins in inflammations and tumors]. 660 34

In order to evaluate the diagnostic and pathogenetic importance of s-ferritin and p-lactoferrin in the anemia of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 38 patients were examined. Twenty-one out of 38 randomly selected anemic patients with classical or definite RA had iron deficiency, as estimated from the iron content in stained bone marrow aspiration. S-ferritin concentrations below 60 micrograms per litre had sensitivity and a specificity for iron deficiency of 86% and 88%, respectively, which was much better than such commonly used variables as s-iron, p-transferrin, MCV, and MCHC. Although this cut-off level is higher than in patients without inflammatory disease, s-ferritin was not correlated to disease activity. In 7 out of 8 patients, the s-ferritin level rose during iron therapy. P-lactoferrin values were within the normal range and did not vary with the anemia or with disease activity. Thus p-lactoferrin appears to be of no pathogenetic importance in the anemia of RA.
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PMID:Serum ferritin and the assessment of iron deficiency in rheumatoid arthritis. 665 99

The various erythrocyte indices, serum iron, unsaturated iron binding capacity, serum ferritin and sideruria after desferrioxamine were measured in a group of 30 patients with active Rheumatoid Arthritis and anemia. The patients were subdivided into two groups of 23 and 7 subjects based on the presence or absence of marrow iron stores, respectively. Significant differences in the mean values of unsaturated iron binding capacity (P less than 0.001), serum ferritin (P less than 0.01) and sideruria after desferrioxamine (P less than 0.001) were observed between the two groups of patients by statistical analysis. Unlike the other indices, the values assessed in the first and the second group of patients as for the above parameters did not overlap. A negative correlation index and a positive one of high significance (P less than 0.001) was found between the values of serum ferritin and those of unsaturated iron binding capacity and sideruria after desferrioxamine, respectively. The above results demonstrate that even in active Rheumatoid Arthritis a concomitant iron deficiency can be diagnosed by means of non-invasive, quantitative and easily reproducible methods.
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PMID:[Sideropenic anemia in rheumatoid arthritis: diagnostic usefulness of serum ferritin, unsaturated transferrin and induced urinary siderosis]. 667 30

Oxygen free radicals are probably involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The enzymes involved in protection against oxygen free radicals and H2O2 (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) were measured. Superoxide dismutase was not increased, glutathione peroxidase was slightly and catalase was strongly elevated in RA synovial fluid (SF) compared with control SF. Although these enzymes are present in SF, the activities are insufficient to protect against oxygen free radicals and H2O2. In contrast to transferrin, ferritin was increased in RA synovial fluid. Ceruloplasmin was also elevated. When rat liver microsomes were used as a target for oxygen free radicals, serum and SF were both protective. Gel filtration experiments showed that the fraction pattern in which there was maximal protective potential against lipid peroxidation corresponded closely to the level of ceruloplasmin. After removal of ceruloplasmin from serum or SF, about 70% of the protective capacity disappeared. It is concluded that ceruloplasmin is an important protector against oxygen free radicals.
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PMID:Protective factors against oxygen free radicals and hydrogen peroxide in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid. 674 61

While the prevalence of iron deficiency has remained relatively constant, there has been continuing refinement in its laboratory recognition, especially with the recent introduction of serum ferritin and FEP measurements. It is helpful to classify iron deficiency into three stages. Storage iron depletion is identified by marrow examination or serum ferritin, iron deficient erythropoiesis by TS, FEP, or MCV, and iron deficiency anemia by hemoglobin concentration or therapeutic iron trial. Combinations of these measurements have been used in prevalence studies to obtain a quantitative measure of body iron stores. The optimal laboratory approach to diagnosing iron deficiency depends on the clinical setting. In the office or outpatient clinic, iron depletion is best recognized by the serum ferritin, although the TS, FEP, and MCV are helpful in gauging its severity. In hospitalized patients with overt anemia, the TS, FEP, and MCV are much less helpful because similar changes are seen in the anemia of chronic disease. Examination of marrow iron remains the method of choice, especially in patients with infection, chronic disease, malignancy, or liver disease, although in many clinical situations the same information can be obtained from a serum ferritin. Serial measurements of serum ferritin have been particularly useful in monitoring patients at high risk of iron deficiency such as those with rheumatoid arthritis, chronic inflammatory bowel disease, or chronic renal failure.
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PMID:Clinical evaluation of iron deficiency. 676 40

20 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were treated with oral iron for 6 months and hematological parameters including serum ferritin levels and iron absorption were studied. 13 patients (group 1) had iron deficiency as estimated by low serum ferritin concentration (less than or equal to 30 micrograms/l); the other 7 patients (group 2) revealed normal ferritin levels. After treatment with oral iron, patients of group 1 show a significant increase in serum ferritin, serum iron, hematocrit, erythrocytes, and hemoglobin, a significant decrease in transferrin, and diminished iron absorption. In contrast, in group 2 there was no change in the above-mentioned parameters. The evaluation of iron stores by serum ferritin levels is limited to patients with inactive rheumatoid arthritis. Patients with active disease show hyperferritinemia which no longer represents the iron stores. In this case patients with active rheumatoid arthritis and iron deficiency could reveal normal serum ferritin values.
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PMID:[Serum ferritin as an indicator for iron substitution in patients with chronic polyarthritis]. 688 Apr 14

Erythropoietic activity and mean red-cell lifespan were measured using 59Fe-transferrin in 32 anaemic patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in 20 haematologically normal subjects. Marrow iron turnover (MIT) in the patients was normal and in only 11 was red-cell lifespan less than 70 d. Ineffective iron turnover (IIT) was significantly increased in those patients in whom there was evidence of iron deficiency (serum ferritin less than 12 microgram/l) but in the remaining patients IIT was significantly less than in the normal subjects. In a further 19 patients with simple iron deficiency anaemia IIT was significantly increased. The marrow response to chronic inflammatory disease is clearly distinct from that seen in simple iron deficiency and this suggests different pathogenic mechanisms for these two anaemias.
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PMID:Erythropoiesis in the anaemia of rheumatoid arthritis. 706 8

Thirty anaemic patients with active rheumatoid arthritis were each given 800 mg of iron , as iron dextran, intramuscularly over an interval of four weeks. The haemoglobin concentration rose significantly within two months in 26 of the patients but this was followed by a significant fall to the pre-treatment level nine months after treatment. The response to iron therapy was not related to the initial haemoglobin concentration, serum iron concentration, transferrin saturation nor to the amount of storage iron, whether assessed by bone marrow stainable iron or the serum ferritin concentration. There was an unexpected fall in the serum ferritin concentration within the first two months after treatment in half of the patients and this was followed by a rise towards the pre-treatment level during the following seven months, such that there was no apparent addition to the amount of storage iron over the period of the study. The possible mechanisms for these findings are discussed. A response to parenteral iron therapy in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis should not be regarded as evidence of iron deficiency and only by correction of the underlying inflammatory process will lasting improvement in the anaemia be obtained.
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PMID:Parenteral iron therapy in the anaemia of rheumatoid arthritis. 707 60

Biochemical evaluation of iron depletion due to bleeding is difficult in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with inflammatory anaemia. The authors have tried to assess the usefulness of serum ferritin (SF) level measurements--considered a reliable index of iron stores--by comparing the values obtained with true iron stores, as determined by Perls' test on bone marrow. The study involved 50 RA patients with anaemia and raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). The poor correlation (r = 0.51) observed between the two tests in this population was mainly due to differences in ESR. SF levels and Perls' test results correlated better in patients with an ESR above 50 mm/h. (r = 0.69) than in patients with an ESR above 50 mm/h. (r = 0.44). The mean ESR values were higher than those found in patients without inflammatory syndrome. SF levels, therefore, are unreliable in patients with inflammatory syndrome, and no practical conclusion concerning iron stores can be drawn from the finding of a normal SF level. In the present study, only SF levels higher than 250 ng/ml were associated with positive Perls' tests. The behaviour of ferritin in the presence of inflammation may explain the results obtained.
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PMID:[Anemia in rheumatoid polyarthritis. Value of serum ferritin for the estimation of iron stores]. 715 83

Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic disease in which anaemia is common. The origin of the anaemia is usually multifactorial. Iron deficiency, a defect of release of iron from the reticulo-endothelial system is discussed. Ferritin content of monocytes, lymphocytes and polymorphs is found altered and mostly elevated in monocytes affected by serum iron deficiency. In all cell types iron uptake is related to transferrin saturation. Alterations against normal subjects in iron uptake, ferritin synthesis and iron incorporation into ferritin are mostly found in patients with serum iron deficiency.
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PMID:Serum ferritin and iron uptake by peripheral blood leucocytes in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. 718 34


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