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Query: UNIPROT:P02794 (ferritin)
 17,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum ferritin concentrations have been estimated in 30 patients with untreated megaloblastic anaemia, 27 with Addisonian pernicious anaemia. A significant difference was found between the mean serum ferritin level of the 27 pernicious anaemia patients (330 microgram/1) and of 22 normal control subjects (164 microgram/1) (P less than 0.05 greater than 0.02). There was an inverse correlation between serum ferritin and Hb concentration in men with pernicious anaemia but not in women. Serum ferritin levels were lower in 10 of 13 patients studied after 24 h of vitamin B12 therapy and in all 13 studied at 48 h after therapy. The fall continued during the haematological response to therapy. It seems likely that serum ferritin reflects reticuloendothelial iron and the high levels in untreated megaloblastic anaemia are due to the shift in iron from Hb to reticuloendothelial stores. The wide variation in serum ferritin at any given Hb level presumably reflects variation in iron stores of the individual patient.
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PMID:Serum ferritin in megaloblastic anaemia. 64 54

In order to further study the relation between transferrin receptor and erythropoiesis we examined serum receptor levels in megaloblastic anemia, which is the classic example of ineffective erythropoiesis. We studied 33 patients with unequivocal cobalamin deficiency, only 22 of whom were anemic. High serum transferrin receptor levels were found in 12 patients, all of whom were anemic and had high lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels; in contrast, only 10 of the 21 patients with normal receptor levels were anemic. Receptor correlated most strongly with LDH (r = 0.573, p < 0.001) and, inversely, with hemoglobin values (r = -0.560, p < 0.001); it also correlated with ferritin and total bilirubin levels, but not with cobalamin, MCV or erythropoietin. No association was found with the hemolytic component of megaloblastic anemia, represented indirectly by haptoglobin levels. Changes induced by cobalamin therapy were also examined in 13 patients. Transferrin receptors rose in all 6 patients who initially had high levels and in 2 of 3 patients who had borderline levels, but not in the 4 patients with initially normal levels. The receptor levels began to rise within 1-3 days, peaked at about 2 weeks and returned to normal at about the 5th wk. The findings indicate that serum transferrin receptor levels reflect the severity of the megaloblastic anemia. The elevated receptor levels rise further with cobalamin therapy, however, as effective erythropoiesis replaces ineffective erythropoiesis, and these persist until the increased erythropoiesis returns to normal.
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PMID:Serum transferrin receptor in the megaloblastic anemia of cobalamin deficiency. 147 86

In evaluating pregnant women with anemia, it is essential to do a complete history and physical examination, as well as a complete blood count with indices and a blood smear examination. Based on these findings, other tests such as ferritin and serum or red cell folate may be ordered. Because of the normal physiologic changes in pregnancy that affect the hematocrit, indices, and some other parameters, diagnosing true anemia, as well as the etiology of anemia, is challenging. Because of the increased nutritional requirements of the mother and fetus, the most common anemias are iron deficiency anemia and folate deficiency megaloblastic anemia. These anemias are more common in women who have inadequate diets and who are not receiving prenatal iron and folate supplements. Other less common causes of acquired anemia in pregnancy are aplastic anemia and hemolytic anemia associated with preeclampsia. In addition, congenital anemias such as sickle cell disease can impact on the health of the mother and fetus. Obviously, severe anemia has adverse effects on the mother and the fetus. There is also evidence that less severe anemia is associated with poor pregnancy outcome. The cause of this association has yet to be elucidated. It is important, however, to diagnose and treat anemia in pregnancy to provide for optimal health of the mother and infant.
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PMID:Anemia in pregnancy. 157 61

Erythrocyte basic ferritin (EF) concentration was determined in 64 normal subjects, 123 patients with anemia and 12 patients with leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. There was a significant difference between males and females. Other iron indices, including plasma iron (PI), total iron binding capacity (TIBC), zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP) and plasma ferritin (PF) were also determined in all the subjects and bone marrow iron stain was determined in the 135 patients. The lowest EF concentration was seen in patients with iron deficiency anemia, being significantly lower than that in normal subjects. EF concentration in patients with iron deficiency erythropoiesis was also lower than that in normal subjects and at the same time significantly different from that in patients with iron deficiency anemia. EF concentration increased prior to PF concentration in patients with iron deficiency anemia who had been treated for a period of 1-8 weeks. EF concentration in patients with anemia of chronic diseases had a significant difference as compared with that in normal subjects and in patients with iron deficiency anemia, but EF concentration in those patients who were accompanied by iron deficiency was similar to that in patients with simple iron deficiency anemia. EF concentration in some iron overloaded patients (aplastic anemia, megaloblastic anemia, MDS etc.) was significantly higher than that in normal subjects. It was demonstrated that there was a good correlation between EF concentration and bone marrow sideroblastic iron in the rank correlation analysis of the iron indices in 135 patients (rs 0.893, P less than 0.01). PF concentration had the best correlation with marrow iron (rs 0.948, P less than 0.01).
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PMID:[Evaluation of erythrocyte basic ferritin in the diagnosis of anemia]. 208

True vitamin B12/folate deficiency is more common than is currently appreciated; it appears in many guises and the classic hematological features of megaloblastic anaemia are often absent. The single most reliable predictor of megaloblastic anaemia is serum vitamin B12/folate concentration, but this determination in a screening program for all patients is difficult in terms of laboratory overload and cost. Early recognition of nutritional anaemias is, however, mandatory and we undertook this study to explore the possibility of identifying, on a demographic basis or because of routine laboratory results, a group of subjects at risk for vitamin B12/folate deficiency. Results obtained in simultaneous radioassay of serum B12 and folate levels and erythrocyte folate concentration in 1.200 hospitalized patients are presented. Coexisting iron deficiency was excluded by ferritin assay. We found no significant difference between males and females and no correlation between serum folate and B12 concentrations and aging. Low serum folic and cobalamin levels were found in 53% of patients with macrocytosis and elevated MCH, even in the absence of anaemia. These observations suggest that increased MCV and MCH may be present before a related anaemia and that serum folate and cobalamin levels must be monitored early in these patients to prevent a deficiency.
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PMID:[Folate and vitamin B12 deficiency. Characterization of parameters for early diagnosis]. 260 38

1. We present the results of a study of the prevalence of anemia and its causes in the population of Ecuador. The following parameters were used: blood cytology, reticulocyte count, serum iron, iron binding capacity, ferritin, folic acid and vitamin B 12 concentration. 2. The study was carried out on 4 groups: 426 individuals of both sexes and all ages from the rural population of the lowlands, with a warm and humid climate; 226 individuals from the highlands, with a cold and dry climate; 1000 individuals of the urban working group from the lowlands; and 1000 individuals of the urban working group from the highlands. All subjects were chosen randomly. 3. The prevalence of anemia was 31.4% in the rural group from the lowlands, 27.9% in the rural group from the highlands, 5.5% in the urban group from the lowlands, and 2.7% in the urban group from the highlands, with an overall estimated prevalence of 20.6% for the population of Ecuador as a whole. Iron deficiency was the most frequent cause of anemia (91.3%; 18.7% of the total population), followed by bone marrow failure (6%; 1.2% of the total population), hemolysis (2.2%; 0.5% of the total population), and finally megaloblastic anemia (0.5%; 0.1% of the total population). 4. Since iron deficiency with and without anemia is very frequent, we believe it is justified to establish mechanisms for food iron enrichment for liable groups such as children and pregnant women from marginal areas.
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PMID:Prevalence of different types of anemia in Ecuador. 326 72

The laboratory evaluation of anemia begins with a complete blood count and reticulocyte count. The anemia is then categorized as microcytic, macrocytic or normocytic, with or without reticulocytosis. Examination of the peripheral smear and a small number of specific tests confirm the diagnosis. The serum iron level, total iron-binding capacity, serum ferritin level and hemoglobin electrophoresis generally separate the microcytic anemias. The erythrocyte size-distribution width may be particularly helpful in distinguishing iron deficiency from thalassemia minor. Significant changes have occurred in the laboratory evaluation of macrocytic anemia, and a new syndrome of nitrous oxide-induced megaloblastosis and neurologic dysfunction has been recognized. A suggested approach to the hemolytic anemias includes using the micro-Coombs' test and ektacytometry. Finally, a number of causes have been identified for normocytic anemia without reticulocytosis, including normocytic megaloblastic anemia and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
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PMID:Laboratory evaluation of anemia. 357 35

In order to develop a diagnostic approach to the common problem of anemia associated with alcoholism, 121 chronic alcoholics admitted to a general medical service with a low hematocrit were evaluated. Multiple contributing causes of anemia were present in most patients. Megaloblastic marrow change was found in 33.9% of patients, sideroblastic change in 23.1%, absent iron stores in 13.2%, aggregated macrophage iron in 81.0%, and acute blood loss in 24.8%. The MCV was of little value in predicting the presence of megaloblastic change unless markedly elevated (greater than 110 fl). In 15 of 41 patients with megaloblastic marrow morphology (36.6%) the MCV was normal or low. Among 40 patients with MCV values between 100 and 110 fl, megaloblastic change was not present in the bone marrow smears of 24 (60.0%). Neutrophil hypersegmentation was 95% specific but only 78% sensitive for megaloblastic change; in contrast, the presence of macroovalocytosis was 90% sensitive but only 68% specific. Serum lactic dehydrogenase, plasma folate, and erythrocyte folate levels had such low sensitivities and specificities for megaloblastic change as to be of little predictive value. Hematologic responses to folic acid were often inadequate in patients with megaloblastic morphologic changes, apparently because of associated acute and chronic illness. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that 2 mechanisms account for the development of megaloblastic hematopoiesis in alcoholics: induction of folate deficiency and a direct toxic effect of alcohol on erythroid precursors independent of folate depletion, as reflected by the presence of normal plasma and erythrocyte folate levels in several patients with megaloblastic change. In no patient was sideroblastic change the sole apparent cause of anemia. Megaloblastic hematopoiesis and aggregated macrophage iron frequently accompanied sideroblastic change. Examination of the blood smear revealed siderocytes in one-third of patients with sideroblastic marrows and dimorphic erythrocyte morphology in the majority. Dimorphic blood smears, however, were neither sensitive nor specific for sideroblastic change. Serum iron concentrations were usually not elevated in the group with sideroblastic abnormalities. In predicting marrow iron stores, serum iron and iron-binding capacity concentrations were often non-diagnostic or misleading. Serum ferritin levels less than 100 ng/ml, however, showed 100% sensitivity and 95% specificity for absent marrow iron stores despite the frequent presence of abnormal liver function. On the basis of our findings, practical guidelines have been formulated for the evaluation and therapy of anemia in alcohol
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PMID:Anemia in alcoholics. 374 28

The spectre of methods for the diagnostics and differentiation of haemolytic anaemias, particularly for the establishment of congenital, autoimmune haemolytic, drug-conditioned and other anaemias is treated. The clear delimitation of an iron deficiency from a disturbance of the iron distribution is advantageously to be achieved by iron staining of the bone marrow and by a determination of serum ferritin. The value of the diagnostic methods in megaloblastic anaemia is classified according to newer knowledge, in which case the vitamin-B12-absorption test and the serum level determination of vitamin B12 by no means range in the first place. Long-term culture results of haematopoietic stem cells are particularly evident in the aplastic syndrome of the bone marrow and further haematological diseases concerning the establishment of the intensiveness of proliferation. The classification of the acute leukemias demands conventional as well as cytochemical staining methods; recently, it is essentially improved using monoclonal antibodies. In leukemias cytogenetic investigations are more and more attracted to the estimation of the prognoses. In lymphogranulomatosis among others functional disturbances of the cellular immunity, in the group of the non-Hodgkin-lymphomas haematological, protein-analytic and immunological laboratory investigations are methods supporting the diagnosis. Altogether is to be established that the haematological diagnostics has become more and more perfect, in which case apart from new techniques old approved methods are still further used.
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PMID:[Rational hematologic diagnosis with reference to modern laboratory procedures]. 409 May 58

The basic ferritin content of red cells was measured in patients with untreated megaloblastic anaemia. The red cell ferritin of 10 patients with anaemia and vitamin B12 deficiency (mean 579, range 68-2616 attogram (ag)/cell); and of 8 patients with folate deficiency (mean 792, range 141-2373 ag/cell) were significantly elevated (P less than 0.001) compared with normal subjects (mean 10.7, range 4-47 ag/cell) and showed a significant correlation with pre-treatment levels of plasma ferritin and less so with percent transferrin saturation. Following vitamin replacement elevated red cell ferritin levels decreased during the period of reticulocytosis and was normal in 9 patients evaluated after 6 months. The magnitude of increase in red cell basic ferritin levels observed in untreated megaloblastic anaemia is comparable to that of subjects with idiopathic haemochromatosis and suggests that interpretation of this index for iron overload should take into consideration concomitant body folate or vitamin B12 status.
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PMID:Red cell basic ferritin content of patients with megaloblastic anaemia due to vitamin B12 or folate deficiency. 650 36


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