Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01889 (ankylosing spondylitis)
 5,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The mass fraction of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe). zinc (Zn), strontium (Sr) and copper (Cu) in isolated granulocytes, erythrocytes and platelets was measured using the nuclear microprobe technique. The cellular profile of metal variation was conspiciously altered in patients (n = 29) with ankylosing spondylitis compared with the profile found in age and sex matched healthy controls. Ca was accumulated in erythrocytes and granulocytes but decreased in platelets (p less than 0.001). Mg was increased in granulocytes but appeared in reduced concentrations in platelets and erythrocytes (p less than 0.001). The cellular amounts of Mn was increased in granulocytes (p less than 0.001), normal in platelets (p greater than 0.05) and subnormal in erythrocytes (p less than 0.001). Zn was reduced in all 3 cell types (p less than 0.001). Fe accumulation was evident in granulocytes and platelets (p less than 0.001). Sr was only measurable in granulocytes from patients. Cu was below the detection limit in the different cell types isolated from patients, but appeared in measurable amounts in erythrocytes and platelets from controls. The granulocyte amounts of Ca, Mg, Mn and Sr were strongly related to the acute phase reaction. Negative correlations were found between erythrocyte Mg and Zn and the inflammatory activity. The patients had increased serum levels of Cu, normal levels of Ca, Mg and Sr and decreased levels of Zn, Fe and Mn. No relationship was found between the serum concentrations of these elements and their respective cellular stores, except for a weak negative correlation between granulocyte and serum Fe.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Redistribution of minerals and trace elements in chronic inflammation--a study on isolated blood cells from patients with ankylosing spondylitis. 362 34

To assess bone mass in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) we have measured total body calcium, bone mineral content of the lumbar spine and metacarpal indices in groups of patients with AS. Mean total body calcium was reduced by 5.3% (p less than 0.05) in 20 patients compared with controls. The mean annual loss of bone, assessed over an 18 month period in 17 patients, was 2.9% (p less than 0.001). Compared to controls, bone mineral content was increased by 28% (p less than 0.05) in 8 male patients while metacarpal indices were normal in 18 male and female patients. The results of total body calcium measurements give support to the hypothesis of a minor increase in bone turnover in AS. The increased bone mineral content in the male patients may relate to syndesmophyte formation.
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PMID:Bone mass in ankylosing spondylitis. 382 Feb 4

In this review, the cardiac lesions which develop in association with the various collagen-vascular diseases are described. In rheumatoid arthritis, the most frequent lesions are: fibrous obliterative pericarditis, with pericardial deposits of calcium, fibrin, cholesterol, and rheumatoid granulomas; granulomatous or nonspecific myocarditis; valvulitis, vasculitis, and amyloid deposits. In ankylosing spondylitis, the lesions involve mainly the valves (aortic and mitral valves) and the aorta. In systemic lupus erythematosus, the predominant cardiovascular lesions are: pericarditis, Libman-Sacks endocarditis, nonspecific myocarditis, vasculitis with fibrinoid necrosis, and acceleration of atherosclerosis. In scleroderma, the main cardiac lesion is fibrosis with only scanty inflammatory cells; pericarditis and nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis also occur. In dermatomyositis/polymyositis, fibrous or fibrinous pericarditis can occur, as well as myocarditis with infiltrates of lymphocytes and plasma cells and with degeneration and necrosis of myocytes; valvulitis is uncommon except when the disease is related to mucinous adenocarcinoma. In polyarteritis nodosa, various stages of necrotizing vasculitis involve all layers of the arterial walls; foci of myocardial necrosis of various sizes can occur in association with these lesions; cardiac hypertrophy related to hypertension and pericarditis related to uremia, may also be found. In Wegener's granulomatosis, pericarditis, inflammatory infiltrates, necrotizing granulomas, and vasculitis have been observed in the heart.
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PMID:Cardiovascular lesions in collagen-vascular diseases. 391 76

The case was a 51 years old male who died of cervical spinal cord injury. On admission, X-ray disclosed distinct hyperostosis such as ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament, ankylosing spondylitis and callus luxurians of bilateral hip joints. He had no familial history. He normally developed into adult without any mental and neurological abnormalities. In the latter half of the fifth decade, he developed progressive spastic diplegia of his legs. Laboratory studies revealed evident hypocalcaemia (2.3 meq/l). Hormonal examination of the parathyroid gland was not performed. Postmortem examination of the brain (1,400 g) disclosed widely spreading numerous spherical deposits of various sizes stained deeply with hematoxilin. These deposits were positive with PAS, colloidal iron, prussian blue and Kossa's Method for calcium etc. as shown in Table 1. According to their histochemical properties, these deposits were considered to consist of both acid mucopolysaccharides and proteins to which calcium and iron have been bound later. These deposits were predominantly observed in the basal ganglia, dorso-lateral portion of the thalamus and the depth of the cerebellum. The dentate nucleus was mostly spared. To the lesser degree, these deposits were also seen around the capillaries and subadventitial space of the small vessels in the cerebral cortex, cerebral white matter, capsula interna and red nucleus. These deposits were shown to be adjacent to the capillary walls microscopically. Electron microscopy disclosed that many electron dense spherical bodies surrounding capillary were related to the basement membrane of the endothelium or pericyte.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[An autopsy case of cerebral calcification--with special reference to the morphogenesis of the calcified deposits]. 673 85

The relative effectiveness of six nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents was studied in 33 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 32 patients with ankylosing spondylitis in a double-blind, randomized, prospective study employing a six-way multiple crossover design with six-week trials of each agent. In ankylosing spondylitis, naproxen, indomethacin, and fenoprofen calcium were the most effective agents. In rheumatoid arthritis, relatively little mean difference between drugs was found. Most of this difference could be attributed to compliance factors, which favored drugs that required only a small number of pills daily. Despite the small differences in effect, patients had strong preferences. More than 85% of patients were still taking their preferred medication after a mean follow-up period of one year.
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PMID:Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. 702 17

Human leukocyte proteins from more than 150 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, together with age- and sex-matched controls, were analyzed by use of the ISO-DALT technique in two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Patients with ankylosing spondylitis, polymyalgia rheumatica, psoriatic arthritis, calcium tendinitis, post-infectious arthritis, and asymmetrical seronegative arthritis were also included as positive controls. Synthesis of several proteins, referred to by number as members of the "Rheuma" set, is shown to increase in the leukocyte preparations from patients with classical rheumatoid arthritis. Several of these proteins are specific to monocytes or granulocytes; others are of unknown cellular origin, but appear to be unique to rheumatoid arthritis. The Rheuma proteins appear to be indicators of disease activity, because their increased synthesis can be correlated with sedimentation rate and other clinical indices of rheumatoid disease activity.
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PMID:Two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis of human leukocyte proteins from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 707 65

Five spine specimens obtained at autopsy and five biopsies of sacroiliac joints from subjects with ankylosing spondylitis were submitted to microradiography and to fluorescence microscopy for detection of tetracycline. Decalcified histological sections were also prepared. Microradiography provides a link between the clinical X-ray picture and the classical decalcified section; it enables calcified cartilage, and hence the early stage of most syndesmophytes to be recognised more easily and accurately; It revealed a peculiar calcification of elastic fibers of the ligamentum flavum. Tetracycline labels showed that: in an early case of sacro-iliac arthritis, calcification of the articular cartilage might partly explain the desification of the X-ray picture; syndesmophytes were thickening at both their superficial and deep faces; thickening, lengthening and internal remodelling of the intervertebral bridges occurred together; and calcium was deposited at the end-plates as well.
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PMID:Some pathological features of ankylosing spondylitis as revealed by microradiography and tetracycline labelling. 718 97

Contrary to standard teaching in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), recent reports have documented calcification appearing as areas of increased signal intensity (SI) on T1-weighted images. Intervertebral disc calcification is a frequent finding on radiographs in chronic ankylosing spondylitis (AS). This study was performed to investigate the appearance of variable degrees of disc calcification in MRI. Thirty-six patients with AS of variable duration underwent an MRI scan of the thoraco-lumbar spine and the MR appearances, particularly of the discs, were compared with plain radiographs. Increased SI of the discs on T1-weighted images were found in 17 of 36 patients, occurring over a range of disc levels, and correlating with disc calcification on the radiographs in 78% of cases. This group tended to be older and have a longer duration of disease than those with normal appearing discs. Four different patterns of increased signal within the discs termed Type A (marginal), Type B (annular), Type C (central) and Type D (solid) were identified. In those with less than six discs involved Type A was the most common pattern. In those with more than six discs involved Type D was the most common pattern, suggesting a progression of disc involvement with more advanced disease. Although these findings will not affect the management of the disease, they do highlight the recently described phenomenon of calcification appearing as increased SI on T1-weighted images, likely to be related to the surface area of the calcium crystal. This should lead to the consideration of calcium in the differential diagnosis of increased SI on T1-weighted images. End-plate marrow changes were a relatively frequent finding in this study but did not correlate with the signal changes seen within the discs; in a number of cases they related to variable degrees of bony bridging.
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PMID:Signal changes in the intervertebral discs on MRI of the thoracolumbar spine in ankylosing spondylitis. 778 21

The majority of cases of spinal canal compromise are caused by common pathologic conditions, including degenerative spondylosis, infection, trauma, and metastatic disease. However, there are other causes of spinal canal compromise that, though unusual, may be seen in everyday practice. Congenital abnormalities of the spine that may produce spinal canal compromise include the os odontoideum, hemivertebra, diastematomyelia, and achondroplasia. Arthritides and enthesopathies such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, synovial cysts of the facet joint, calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition or hydroxyapatite deposition, and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament or ligamentum flavum may lead to narrowing of the spinal canal. Primary spinal tumors and tumorlike lesions such as hemangioma, aneurysmal bone cysts, osteochondroma, and osteoblastoma may also cause spinal canal stenosis. Finally, Paget disease of bone may compromise the spinal cord. Radiologists should be aware of these unusual musculoskeletal causes of spinal canal compromise and their radiologic and clinical features.
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PMID:Musculoskeletal causes of spinal axis compromise: beyond the usual suspects. 785 38

Bone formation is classically observed in ankylosing spondylitis, but osteoporosis can also occur. This condition has been recognized for years on radiographs. Compared with controls, osteoporosis in ankylosing spondylitis is responsible for increasing the incidence of vertebral compression fractures and also explains spinal fractures after trauma, mainly observed at the cervical level. Measurement of bone mass is useful in diagnosing osteoporosis commonly observed in the lumbar spine and the femoral neck but not in the appendicular skeleton. Osteoporosis is seen early in the disease whereas increased bone mass is observed later or due to syndesmophyte formation. Osteoporosis in ankylosing spondylitis is probably a multi-factorial condition. Contributing factors are spine immobility secondary to ankylosis, inflammatory cytokines which enhance bone resorption, prolonged use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and a deficit in sex hormone secretion. Furthermore, there is no alteration in calcium or phosphorus metabolism in ankylosing spondylitis. Finally, a study of bone morphometrics in the iliac crest region is required to better explain osteoporosis in ankylosing spondylitis.
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PMID:[Osteoporosis in ankylosing spondylitis]. 868 37


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