Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01889 (ankylosing spondylitis)
 5,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum enzyme studies were made on 43 (37 male, 6 female) consecutive patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) activity was raised above 55 IU/l in 24 (65%) of 37 male patients (range 29-165 IU/l, mean 68) as compared with 2 (4%) out of 47 male controls (range 14-85 IU/l, mean 33: P less than 0-001); levels were greater than 35 IU/l in six (100%) out of six female patients (range 39-100 IU/l, mean 56) as against one (3%) of 35 female controls (range 3-106 IU/l, mean 16; P less than 0-001). The recognized pitfalls in interpreting CPK activity were avoided. In all of sixteen randomly selected patients isoenzyme studies confirmed that muscle is the source of the enzyme. There was a significant correlation between CPK activity and both spinal flexion and the reciprocal of finger-to-floor distance (P less than 0-5 in each case).
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PMID:Raised serum creatine phosphokinase activity in ankylosing spondylitis. 115 83

A study is presented of six patients who suffered flexion (chin-on-chest) deformity of the cervical spine on a neuropathic or myopathic basis. An awareness of this possibility is recommended, differentiating these patients from those with similar deformities due to ankylosing spondylitis, trauma, or primary degenerative change. Recognition is based on a detailed history, weakness of neck extension, electrodiagnostic studies, and muscle biopsy. A mildly elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK) was the only consistent laboratory finding. Appropriate surgical correction of severe deformity involves anterior surgical release of contracted sternomastoid muscles, halo-dependent traction, posterior vertebral inferior facet resection, and spinal fusion over an adequate length, supplemented with internal fixation. Where extension correction involves extensive vertebral body separation anteriorly, additional anterior keystone strut grafting is indicated.
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PMID:Neuro-myopathic flexion deformities of the cervical spine. 319 83

Muscle biopsy of the quadriceps femoris was carried out in 20 patients with classical ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Histological and histochemical studies revealed changes in all biopsies to a varying degree. Central migration of nuclei was present in 80%, reduced fibre size with some atrophy in 40%, localized reaction to acid phosphatase in 75% and a peripheral condensation of reaction product to NADH-TR stain in 55% of biopsies. Furthermore 14 out of 16 patients, whose quadriceps strength was measured, were found to be below the predicted values, when compared to healthy controls of similar weight, and quantitative surface electromyography in 10 showed lower mean power frequency than in controls. A raised plasma creatine kinase was found in only two patients. It is concluded that muscle changes occur in AS and these may account for some of the clinical features of the disease.
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PMID:Muscle changes in ankylosing spondylitis. 687 82

Cold therapy is commonly used as a procedure to relieve pain symptoms, particularly in inflammatory diseases, injuries and overuse symptoms. A peculiar form of cold therapy (or stimulation) was proposed 30 years ago for the treatment of rheumatic diseases. The therapy, called whole-body cryotherapy (WBC), consists of exposure to very cold air that is maintained at -110 degrees C to -140 degrees C in special temperature-controlled cryochambers, generally for 2 minutes. WBC is used to relieve pain and inflammatory symptoms caused by numerous disorders, particularly those associated with rheumatic conditions, and is recommended for the treatment of arthritis, fibromyalgia and ankylosing spondylitis. In sports medicine, WBC has gained wider acceptance as a method to improve recovery from muscle injury. Unfortunately, there are few papers concerning the application of the treatment on athletes. The study of possible enhancement of recovery from injuries and possible modification of physiological parameters, taking into consideration the limits imposed by antidoping rules, is crucial for athletes and sports physicians for judging the real benefits and/or limits of WBC. According to the available literature, WBC is not harmful or detrimental in healthy subjects. The treatment does not enhance bone marrow production and could reduce the sport-induced haemolysis. WBC induces oxidative stress, but at a low level. Repeated treatments are apparently not able to induce cumulative effects; on the contrary, adaptive changes on antioxidant status are elicited--the adaptation is evident where WBC precedes or accompanies intense training. WBC is not characterized by modifications of immunological markers and leukocytes, and it seems to not be harmful to the immunological system. The WBC effect is probably linked to the modifications of immunological molecules having paracrine effects, and not to systemic immunological functions. In fact, there is an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10, and a decrease in proinflammatory cytokine IL-2 and chemokine IL-8. Moreover, the decrease in intercellular adhesion molecule-1 supported the anti-inflammatory response. Lysosomal membranes are stabilized by WBC, reducing potential negative effects on proteins of lysosomal enzymes. The cold stimulation shows positive effects on the muscular enzymes creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase, and it should be considered a procedure that facilitates athletes' recovery. Cardiac markers troponin I and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, parameters linked to damage and necrosis of cardiac muscular tissue, but also to tissue repair, were unchanged, demonstrating that there was no damage, even minimal, in the heart during the treatment. N-Terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), a parameter linked to heart failure and ventricular power decrease, showed an increase, due to cold stress. However, the NT-proBNP concentrations observed after WBC were lower than those measured after a heavy training session, suggesting that the treatment limits the increase of the parameter that is typical of physical exercise. WBC did not stimulate the pituitary-adrenal cortex axis: the hormonal modifications are linked mainly to the body's adaptation to the stress, shown by an increase of noradrenaline (norepinephrine). We conclude that WBC is not harmful and does not induce general or specific negative effects in athletes. The treatment does not induce modifications of biochemical and haematological parameters, which could be suspected in athletes who may be cheating. The published data are generally not controversial, but further studies are necessary to confirm the present observations.
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PMID:Whole-body cryotherapy in athletes. 2052 15