Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01889 (ankylosing spondylitis)
 5,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Though it may be true that, in the absence of a dependable cause, there is no single cure for inflammatory diseases of the locomotor system, nevertheless there is no reason for therapeutic nihilism. Much can be done to induce a remission in the disease while at the same time suppressing inflammation, relieving pain, preventing or correcting deformities, easing stiffness and increasing muscular control of the joints. However, no drug regime can be expected to achieve this, and reliance on drugs alone invariably leads to disappointing results, both for the doctor and patient. Hence every patient also should have a properly organized and supervised regime of physical methods of treatment. The relative value of rest or exercise remains controversial, and different considerations play a role in some of the disease processes. Thus in patients with active rheumatoid synovitis there seems no doubt that at first, extra rest to the inflamed joints is essential, but as the disease process is brought under control, the patient can be mobilized and made more active. In patients with ankylosing spondylitis, the emphasis should be placed on activity and exercise.
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PMID:Rheumatic disease: exercise or immobilization? 30 27

Mononuclear cells infiltrating synovial membranes in chronic synovitis were characterised both in situ and in cell suspensions by surface markers and histochemical techniques. T-lymphocytes were the predominant infiltrating cell in rheumatoid arthritis as well as in other forms of chronic arthritis, including ankylosing spondylitis and arthritis associated with Crohn's disease. B-lymphocytes were found exclusively in rheumatoid synovial membranes. These cells were demonstrable both in true germinal centres and, focally and diffusely, in nodular mononuclear infiltrates lacking the histochemical characteristics of germinal centres. The synovial lining cells, unlike mononuclear phagocytes, had no demonstrable receptors for C3 and Fc.
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PMID:Characteristics of mononuclear cell populations in chronically inflamed synovial membranes. 32 37

This review presents a historical account of the treatment of rheumatoid and other degenerative diseases with copper complexes. Clinical data obtained from 1940 to 1971 are provided for about 1,500 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (acute or chronic), rheumatic fever, ankylosing spondylitis, staphlococcal spondylitis, gonococcal arthritis, chronic gouty arthritis, polyarticular synovitis, coxitis, disseminated spondylitis, arthritis with psoriasis, Reiter's syndrome, lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis, arthrosis deformans, erythema nodosum, sciatica (with and without lumbar involvement), cervical spine-shoulder syndrome or lumbar spine syndrome. The drugs used in these studies were Dicuprene, Alcuprin, Cuprimyl, and Permalon, a copper-salicylate preparation. A detailed presentation of toxicities associated with the use of these copper complexes is included.
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PMID:Treatment of rheumatoid and degenerative diseases with copper complexes: a review with emphasis on copper-salicylate. 36 63

Cholesterol crystals were identified in 16 synovial fluids from 12 patients who were seen over the 14-year period 1964 through 1977. Ten of the 12 patients had rheumatoid arthritis of a median duration of 12 years. One patient had ankylosing spondylitis and another had iliopectineal bursitis without other joint disease. The fluids were usually turbid, white, or yellow in color and of thick consistency. When the synovial fluid concentration of cholesterol was determined, it was higher than the serum level. The swollen joints and bursae did not respond favorably to simple aspiration or corticosteroid injections but did to surgical synovectomy. No relationship was found between synovial fluid accumulation of cholesterol crystal and previous intra-articular corticosteroid therapy, serum lipoprotein abnormalities, intra-articular hemorrhage, or generalized arteriosclerosis. The results suggest that local factors are most important in the development of synovial fluid cholesterol crystals, but the exact mechanisms are unknown. The presence of cholesterol crystals in synovial fluid should suggest a severe persistent synovitis, knowledge of which may be helpful in diagnosis and planning therapy.
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PMID:Synovial effusions containing cholesterol crystals report of 12 patients and review. 44 7

Patients with a total of 112 chronic knee effusions unresponsive to the usual conservative methods of therapy were treated with intra-articular injections of radioactive gold and followed from 6 months to 5 years. Most patients in the study had rheumatoid arthritis but others had ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, intermittent hydrathrosis and undiagnosed synovitis. After 6 months 81% showed improvement. This figure diminished to approximately 70% at 1 and 2 years, 60% at 3 and 4 years and 50% at 5 years. The mose beneficial results were seen in patients with intermittent hydrarthrosis. Twelve patients with a synovial cyst and/or rupture improved. Patients with thin synovia and anatomic stage I or II disease did best, but those with stage III disease also did well. After the injection 33% of the patients had a reactive synovitis. A variable amount of radioactive material escaped from the knee to the regional lymph nodes and general circulation.
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PMID:Treatment of persistent knee effusions with intra-articular radioactive gold. 112 18

The wrist is frequently involved in the course of inflammatory rheumatism. The clinical and radiological features of the arthritis may guide the diagnosis when wrist involvement is isolated. The rheumatoid wrist may associate articular and tendon sheath synovitis, nerve compressions, muscle atrophy and deformities. X-rays reveal increased volume of the soft tissues, followed by cartilaginous destruction. Magnetic resonance imaging may detect the lesions early in their course. RS3PE, rheumatoid arthritis of the elderly, never induces destructive lesions. Still's disease is distinguished from rheumatoid arthritis by the predominant involvement of the radiocarpal and intercarpal joints with relative sparing of the metacarpo-phalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints. Jaccoud's hand may be observed in the course of lupus with metacarpo-phalangeal dislocation of capsulo-ligamentous origin without cartilaginous destruction. Wrist involvement is often asymmetrical in ankylosing spondylitis. In psoriatic rheumatism, arthritis of the wrist is similar to that observed in rheumatoid arthritis, but demineralization is less common and occurs later and constructive lesions are associated with pinching.
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PMID:[Rheumatic wrist]. 128 5

Neutrophil Fc gamma receptor (Fc gamma R) signalling responses were compared in healthy subjects, patients with definite rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis, and osteoarthritis. The patients with A were subdivided into those with active synovitis and those with quiescent disease. Basal intracellular calcium ion concentrations in patients with inactive RA were significantly higher than in control subjects, which in turn were greater than in patients with active RA. Transient cytosolic calcium ion fluxes were observed after binding Fc gamma RII or Fc gamma RIII with specific monoclonal antibodies and cross linking with the F(ab')2 fragment of antimouse IgG. Response times were significantly faster for Fc gamma RII than for Fc gamma RIII. Peak concentrations of intracellular calcium ions after neutrophil stimulation were comparable for Fc gamma RII and RIII in healthy subjects. Neutrophils in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and osteoarthritis responded to Fc gamma R triggering, but in the group with active RA fluxes of calcium ions were severely depressed. Neutrophils isolated from patients with RA with quiescent disease showed exaggerated responses when compared with controls. Expression of all three Fc gamma R types on neutrophils from patients with active RA, as measured by monoclonal antibody binding, was comparable with control cells. Impairment of neutrophil Fc gamma R cytosolic signalling in active RA could reflect a receptor signalling defect with potential effects on Fc mediated functions, or a fundamental defect in calcium ion homeostasis within these cells.
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PMID:Impairment of neutrophil Fc gamma receptor mediated transmembrane signalling in active rheumatoid arthritis. 153 94

Immune complexes have been reported in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and may implicate infectious agents. Serum samples from 49 patients with AS were assayed for immune complexes by polyethylene glycol precipitation, followed by radial immunodiffusion and pepsinogen binding immunoassay. Both methods showed increases in IgA containing immune complexes, which correlated with serum IgA and with IgA rheumatoid factor concentrations, but did not show increases in other immune complex components. Increased immune complexes were associated with peripheral joint synovitis, but showed no correlation with other clinical or laboratory indices of disease activity. Immune complexes from nine AS serum samples and one AS synovial fluid were electrophoretically separated then probed with anti-Klebsiella pneumoniae, but AS specific antigens were not identified. This study did not suggest a major role for immune complexes in AS without peripheral disease, nor provide serological evidence for the involvement of klebsiella antigens.
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PMID:Immune complexes in ankylosing spondylitis. 154 45

Classification criteria for most of the disorders belonging to the spondylarthropathy group already exist. However, the spectrum of spondylarthropathy is wider than the sum of these disorders suggests. Seronegative oligoarthritis, dactylitis or polyarthritis of the lower extremities, heel pain due to enthesitis, and other undifferentiated cases of spondylarthropathy have been ignored in epidemiologic studies because of the inadequacy of existing criteria. In order to define classification criteria that also encompass patients with undifferentiated spondylarthropathy, we studied 403 patients with all forms of spondylarthropathy and 674 control patients with other rheumatic diseases. The diagnoses were based on the local clinical expert's opinion. The 403 patients included 168 with ankylosing spondylitis, 68 with psoriatic arthritis, 41 with reactive arthritis, 17 with inflammatory bowel disease and arthritis, and 109 with unclassified spondylarthropathy. Based on statistical analysis and clinical reasoning, we propose the following classification criteria for spondylarthropathy: inflammatory spinal pain or synovitis (asymmetric or predominantly in the lower limbs), together with at least 1 of the following: positive family history, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, urethritis, or acute diarrhea, alternating buttock pain, enthesopathy, or sacroiliitis as determined from radiography of the pelvic region. These criteria resulted in a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 87%. The proposed classification criteria are easy to apply in clinical practice and performed well in all 7 participating centers. However, we regard them as preliminary until they have been further evaluated in other settings.
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PMID:The European Spondylarthropathy Study Group preliminary criteria for the classification of spondylarthropathy. 193 Mar 11

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) permits visualization of anatomic structures not appreciated by conventional radiographic imaging and may quantify inflammatory disease and its progression with greater sensitivity than available techniques. We therefore compared MRI with clinical evaluation and with radiographic examination of 17 patients with inflammatory arthritis of the knee. We sought to determine anatomic integrity of bone, cartilage, menisci, and ligaments, and to quantify joint effusion and synovial proliferation. Patients studied had rheumatoid arthritis (10 patients), juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (4 patients), ankylosing spondylitis (1 patient), and monoarticular arthritis (2 patients). In all patients MRI revealed clinically important abnormalities not detected by physical or conventional radiographic exams. These included proliferative synovitis (13 patients), cartilage thinning (2 patients), cartilage erosion (8 patients), bone infarction (1 patient), meniscal injury (1 patient), and synovial invagination into bone (1 patient). Also MRI indicated inflammatory disease to be quantitatively greater than had been appreciated on clinical examination or routine X-ray studies--proliferative synovitis (12 patients), erosion (7 patients), effusion (8 patients), cartilage thinning (11 patients), and ligamentous/meniscal damage (1 patient). These findings led to reassessment of anatomic staging and influenced therapeutic decision for these patients. Thus MRI provides clinically important information about joint integrity and inflammatory disease, with a sensitivity and resolution considerably beyond conventional techniques.
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PMID:Magnetic resonance imaging in patients with inflammatory arthritis of the knee. 233 54


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