Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P01350 (gastrin)
 9,683 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Early detection of breast cancer is a prerequisite for treatment success and improvement of survival. In tumors under 10mm diameter the standard morphological methods of imaging such as sonography, mammography and MRI imaging are of lesser specificity and loose sensitivity. Under 5mm detection of breast cancer remains a chalenge. Since recent years scinti-mammography using perfusion weighted enrichment of 99m-Tc-MIBI for imaging has become a standard technique indetection of breast cancer. It is superior when ever small lesions with increased perfusion are to be expected. it is used specially in dense breast patients. Other functional methods such as F-18-FDG-PET, C-11-Methionine-PET and the use of Ga-68-Somatostatin- or Ga-68-Bombesin-PET have been discussed for the early detection and therapy control of breast cancer patents. Especially the high specific low background receptor-PET imaging exels over the standard methods because of its ability to detect lesions even below 2 mm, as it has been shown for the Ga-68-DOTA-somatostatins. Because simple exchange of the diagnostic PET isotope against a therapeutical isotope like Lu-177, Y-90, Ga-67 or Cu-67 the receptor PET is directly linked to radio-peptide therapy. As the studies of J. C. Reubi et alii have been shown several peptide receptors are expressed in breast cancer, like the sms receptors and the gastrin releasing peptide receptors (bombesin receptors). One of the most widely expressed receptors expressed in breast cancer, which tends to be relatively selective, is NPY1 receptor. Intensive work had been done on the development of peptide ligands by A. Beck-Sicklinger and her group. These new developed peptides are very promising in combination with somatostatin and bombesin derivatives. Dedicated breast pet devices in combination with these high specific tracers have great potential to open and entire new quality in early detection of breast cancer and may lead to its radiopeptide therapy.
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PMID:From scinti-mammography and metabolic imaging to receptor targeted PET-new principles of breast cancer detection. 1764 85

A 40-year-old man admitted to our hospital with diarrhea underwent abdominal computed tomography (CT) which showed multiple masses in the liver and pancreatic tail. Although there were no abnormal accumulations with fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F) positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), (68)Ga-DOTATOC-PET/CT detected obvious abnormal accumulations for the both lobes of liver and pancreatic tail tumors. The serum gastrin was markedly high, and liver tumor biopsy demonstrated the presence of malignant cells with round nuclei that were positive for gastrin and somatostatin receptor. The patient was diagnosed with pancreatic tail gastrinoma with multiple liver metastases and treated with octreotide, everolimus, and a proton pump inhibitor which functionally controlled tumor growth. This case demonstrates (68)Ga-DOTATOC-PET/CT as a useful modality for the localization, qualitative diagnosis, and treatment of gastrinoma.
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PMID:(68)Ga-DOTATOC-PET/CT for effective diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic tail gastrinoma with multiple liver metastases: a case report. 2674 58

A 46-year-old Chinese woman was admitted to our hospital because of presence of space-occupying lesions in the liver for 2 months in April, 2015. She had a family history of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) and physical examination is unremarkable. Previously, she has performed surgery for primary pituitary tumor in 2002 and radiosurgery for its recurrence. Around December 2014, she suffered from abdominal discomfort associated with regurgitation and gastroscopy revealed "gastroduodenal ulcers", along with elevated gastrin. Next, both magnetic resonance and computed tomography imaging showed multiple intrahepatic lesions, the PET-CT unveiled uptake pattern of 18F-FDG in duodenum and multiple intrahepatic lesions, resembling the appearance of metastatic gastrinoma. The octreotide scan gave identical results. The parathyroid SPECT scans showed abnormal concentrations of radioactivity in right parathyroid. She also had an elevated serum chromogranin A (CgA) level. There was medical evidence to show that she is metastatic MEN1. Although multiple liver metastases, they were considered to be resectable after MDT consultation. The intraoperative exploration found a 1.5 cm tumor on the surface of the tail of the pancreas, a 12 cm retroperitoneal lipoma and two liver metastases, sized 3.5 cm and 1.5 cm, respectively. All these tumors were completely removed. For pancreatic tumor, pathological findings met the diagnostic criteria of neuroendocrine tumor (NET) (G2). Immunohistochemistry revealed neuroendocrine areas were diffusely positive for ATRX, DAXX, SSR2, SSR5 and CgA. For lipoma, the FISH results were negative for CDK4 and MDM2 genes. Postoperatively, adjuvant therapy with octreotide was applied. This case suggested that, as for metastatic gastrinoma, a potentially curative surgical debulking should be considered when a resection of complete or more than 90% of metastatic lesions along with the primary site could be achieved, which is helpful to control symptoms and delay the subsequent need for therapy.
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PMID:Metastatic multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: report of one case. 2813 39

The Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor (GRPR) is over-expressed in estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast tumors and related metastatic lymph nodes offering the opportunity of imaging and therapy of luminal tumors. 68Ga-RM2 binding and 18F-FDG binding in tumoral zones were measured and compared using tissue micro-imaging with a beta imager on 14 breast cancer samples (10 primaries and 4 associated metastatic lymph nodes). Results were then assessed against ER expression, progesterone receptor (PR) expression, HER2 over-expression or not and Ki-67 expression. GRPR immunohistochemistry (IHC) was also performed on all samples. We also retrospectively compared 68Ga-RM2 and 18F-FDG bindings to 18F-FDG SUVmax on the pre-therapeutic PET/CT examination, if available. 68Ga-RM2 binding was significantly higher in tumors expressing GRPR on IHC than in GRPR-negative tumors (P = 0.022). In ER+ tumors, binding of 68Ga-RM2 was significantly higher than 18F-FDG (P = 0.015). In tumors with low Ki-67, 68Ga-RM2 binding was also significantly increased compared to 18F-FDG (P = 0.029). Overall, the binding of 68Ga-RM2 and 18F-FDG displayed an opposite pattern in tumor samples and 68Ga-RM2 binding was significantly higher in tumors that had low 18F-FDG binding (P = 0.021). This inverse correlation was also documented in the few patients in whom a 18F-FDG PET/CT examination before surgery was available. Findings from this in vitro study suggest that GRPR targeting can be an alternative to 18F-FDG imaging in ER+ breast tumors. Moreover, because GRPR antagonists can also be labeled with lutetium-177 this opens new avenues for targeted radionuclide therapy in the subset of patients with progressive metastatic disease following conventional treatments.
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PMID:Comparison of the binding of the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRP-R) antagonist 68Ga-RM2 and 18F-FDG in breast cancer samples. 3064 33

A 17-year-old girl with World Health Organization grade IV glioblastoma with primitive neuronal components (histone H3 G34-mutant and IDH1 wild type) underwent whole-body FDG PET/CT staging due to vertebral metastases on initial MRI. PET/CT revealed extracranial metastatic disease with spinal leptomeningeal dissemination, osseous metastases, and peritoneal seeding via a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Glioblastoma is uncommon in pediatric patients and particularly those with primitive neuronal components. Extracranial metastases from glioblastoma are more common in those with primitive neuronal components. This case demonstrates the utility of FDG PET/CT for revealing distant metastases from glioblastoma.
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PMID:Extracranial Metastases From Glioblastoma With Primitive Neuronal Components on FDG PET/CT. 3187 29