Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P01350 (gastrin)
 9,683 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gastrin-17 induces hypocalcemia in the rat without stimulating calcitonin release. The gastrin-induced hypocalcemia persisted after thyroparathyroidectomy or parathyroidectomy. In contrast, gastrectomy or extirpation of the acid-producing part of the stomach prevented the hypocalcemic effect, suggesting the involvement of the proximal stomach in the gastrin-evoked lowering of blood calcium. The drop in blood calcium upon injection of gastrin-17 did not reflect a loss of calcium via the gastric juice or via the urine. Extracts of the acid-producing mucosa of the rat stomach had a hypocalcemic effect. The extracts were purified by gel chromatography and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Digestion with leucine aminopeptidase destroyed the hypocalcemic activity, while trypsin had no effect, suggesting a peptide (or peptides) with an unprotected NH2 terminus and without basic amino acid residues (or with protected basic amino acids). Both gastrin-17 and the mucosal extract stimulated the uptake of 45Ca into bone (radius and sternum). Gastrin-17 was without effect in rats that had undergone gastrectomy, while the mucosal extract was equally effective in gastrectomized and unoperated rats. We suggest that the effects of gastrin-17 on blood calcium and on calcium transfer into bone are indirect and that gastrin-17 stimulates the release of a peptide hormone, tentatively named gastrocalcin, from the acid-producing mucosa of the stomach. Gastrocalcin stimulates the uptake of 45Ca into bone, thereby causing hypocalcemia.
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PMID:Gastrin releases a blood calcium-lowering peptide from the acid-producing part of the rat stomach. 270 48

Two patients with intestinal metaplasia of the stomach, whose distribution was exclusively confined to the fundic gland area, are presented herein. The first, a 51-year-old male, had been treated for pernicious anemia for 14 years when he was found to have gastric cancer. His serum gastrin level was quite high, whereas his gastric acid output was markedly low. The polypoid cancer in the fornix of the stomach, which had been removed endoscopically, revealed tubular adenocarcinoma with its invasion limited to the mucosa. The resected stomach showed no residual carcinoma but had numerous minute foci of intestinal metaplasia, diffusely distributed but exclusively confined to the fundic gland area, by macroscopic observation using the leucine aminopeptidase-alkaline phosphatase double staining method. The intestinal metaplasias were all of the complete type, and the parietal and chief cells were almost completely lost. The second patient, a 76-year-old male without pernicious anemia, underwent total gastrectomy for two polypoid cancers in the body of the stomach. The resected specimens, in addition to two hyperplastic polyps in the transitional area, showed the same distribution of intestinal metaplasia as seen in the first patient.
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PMID:Intestinal metaplasia of the stomach confined to the fundic gland area. Report of two cases. 368 36

In Wistar rats kept for 15, 30 and 60 days in a hypokinetic state in special cages, alteration of some gastrointestinal glands was studied by means of histochemical and electron microscopic methods. After 15-30 days of hypokinesia, a decrease was found in the muco-polysaccharide content of the submaxillary, gastric and duodenal glands. The intestinal goblet cells appeared vacuolated. The oxyntic cells, which secrete HCl, as well as the G antral cells, which secrete gastrin, were in an active state. The hypokinetic rats exhibited increased gastric secretion. The electron microscopic aspect of the principal cells corresponded to augmented pepsin secretion. The enterocytes showed an increase in their leucine aminopeptidase, acid phosphatase and glucose-6-phosphatase content. In the submucosa of the fundus of the stomach an accumulation of eosinophils was observed. These modifications were more striking after 15 than after 30 days, and disappeared after 60 days of hypokinesia. These morphological and functional changes may be explained by glucocorticoid hypersecretion corresponding to a stress reaction.
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PMID:The gastrointestinal tract in hypokinetic rats. 1200 6