Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01350 (gastrin)
 9,683 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In dogs prepared with isolated, innervated antral pouches, intraduodenal perfusion with liver extract at pH 7, with the atrum buffered at pH 7, resulted in a significant release of gastrin selectively from the antrum and from the duodenum. Acidification of the meal to pH 1 abolished both antral and duodenal gastrin release, whereas acidification of the antrum abolished only the antral gastrin response. After antrectomy, liver extract at pH 7 caused a diminished but significant release of duodenal gastrin. These studies provide evidence that an intestinal meal may release (in addition to a specific intestinal phase hormone) gastrin from the intestine, and from antrum, by means of a pH-sensitive mechanism which may involve a humoral agent (enterobombesin?) from the small bowel.
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PMID:Release of antral and duodenal gastrin in response to an intestinal meal. 2 38

Histamine H2-receptor antagonists metiamide and cimetidine were used in the treatment of severe peptic ulceration in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. The ulcerations were completely healed in all four patients after treatment lasting from six weeks to four-and-a-half-months. Two patients developed recurrent ulcer after the treatment had stopped, but responded to a second course. One patient developed hepatitis B during cimetidine treatment and it is possible that the course of the hepatitis was unfavourable affected by cimetidine. But no other side effects were noted nor was there a significant change in basal serum-gastrin concentration or an increase in H+ secretion. Total gastrectomy remains the treatment of choice in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, but cimetidine should be considered if the patient refuses operation or operation is not feasible because of a poor general state.
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PMID:[Treatment of peptic ulcer in the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome with histamine H2-receptor antagonists (author's transl)]. 2 85

The effects of two doses of NaCl and NaHCO3 as well as of Al(OH3) and AlCl3 respectively, on serum gastrin concentrations and intragastric pH were compared in duodenal ulcer patients. Also the effect of one dose of an AlPO4 containing commercial antacid on serum gastrin concentration and intragastric pH was studied in duodenal ulcer patients and in a control group. Care was taken to induce swallowing at the times the substances were given through an orogastric tube. The study showed that antacids elicited significantly greater gastrin responses than their non-buffering chloride compounds and that the rise of gastrin after a single dose of antacid was small but significant in duodenal ulcer patients and insignificant in non-ulcer controls. Several factors as rising intragastric pH, individual responsiveness, duodenal ulcer state, vagal influences, the participating ions and their amount contribute to the rise of gastrin after antacids.
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PMID:The action of antacids on serum gastrin concentrations in man. 2 92

Intraruminal administration of zinc sulphate at 100 and 200 mg Zn/kg bodyweight resulted in central and peripheral effects in sheep. Feed intake was reduced, pH of the duodenal contents elevated and the secretion of acid from isolated pouches of the abomasum doubled. Suggested explanations include a local inhibitory effect of zinc on abomasal acid secretion elevating duodenal pH and a resultant increased release of gastrin stimulating secretion from the pouches.
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PMID:Effects of intraruminal administration of zinc on gastric acid secretion in sheep. 2 16

H2-Histamine receptor blocking agents metiamide and cimetidine were assessed in seven patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (serum gastrin greater than 300 microgram/ml, basal acid output greater than 15 meq/h, ratio of basal acid output to maximal acid output greater than 0.5). Intravenous or oral administration of the drugs lowered acid secretion by at least 70% in all cases. Subsequent treatment of six patients for 3 to 15 months (oral therapy) and one patient for 1 month (intravenous therapy) showed that the drugs abolished symptoms in all seven, abolished diarrhea in five, allowed ulcer healing in six, and were well tolerated without adverse effects in seven. No patient failed to respond to the drug, although one died from tumor progression and two required total gastrectomy for complex reasons. The results indicate that patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome can be managed medically and, in light of current mortality trends, gain little from the extra risks attending total gastrectomy.
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PMID:H2-Histamine receptor blocking agents in the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Experience in seven cases and implications for long-term therapy. 2 4

A specific receptor for gastrin I has been demonstrated in the rat stomach fundus. Specific binding of 125I-labelled gastrin I was localised to particles sedimenting between 250--20 000 X g. Saturation of binding sites occurred with a gastrin concentration of 10(-11) M in an assay system containing 0.6--1.7 mg/ml of homogenate protein. Gastrin binding was shown to be reversible, temperature- and pH-dependent, and susceptible to tryptic digestion. Electron microscopic and enzymatic studies showed the binding fraction to contain predominantly mitochondria. Preincubation of the homogenate with 10(-8) M cholecystokinin or secretin inhibited gastrin binding to a greater extent than an equimolar concentration of pentagastrin. Cimetidine, a histamine receptor antagonist, did not affect binding of gastrin to the receptor.
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PMID:A specific gastrin receptor site in the rat stomach. 2 75

The gastric acid output was studied in the 11 patients of hyperparathyroidism before and after parathyroidectomy. The gastric acid output before operation was almost equal to the normal control in our hospital. After the correction of serum calcium by parathyroidectomy, the gastric acid output and serum gastrin were decreased. The decreased gastric acid output was recovered as the days passed since operation and approached to the preoperative level. The acid output in hyperparathyroidism was less in the case whose activity of alkaline phosphatase was more, which suggested that the calcium deposition on gastric mucosa might damage the parietal cell as the result of long lasting hypercalcemia.
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PMID:The further investigation on the gastric acid secretion in the primary hyperparathyroidism. 2 34

Guanylate cyclase in the guinea pig fundic mucosa occurred in two enzymatic forms: a "soluble" form and a particulate form. The mean basal activity of the soluble fraction measured in the presence of 300 micrometer guanosine-5'-triphosphate and 5 mM MnCl2 was 72.6 +/- 5.3 pmoles of cyclic GMP per mg of protein per min. Guanylate cyclase activity was dependent on Mn2+; it was increased by sodium azide (NaN3), CaCl2, cysteine, secretin, and cholecystokinin, but it was not influenced by gastrin, histamine, cholinergic esters, prostaglandins E1 and A1. NaN3 (1 mM) decreased the apparent Km for MnCl2 and potentiated the effects of MgCl2. The activity of the particulate fraction represented about 14% of that of the supernatant fraction. The guanylate cyclase activity of that fraction was not modified by NaN3, gastrin, cholinergic agents, secretin, or cholecystokinin. Cysteine inhibited its activity. These data do not support the hypothesis that cyclic GMP acts as a second messenger for the action of cholinergic agents and gastrin in the guinea pig gastric mucosa.
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PMID:Effect of Ca2+, Mg2+, NaN3, cholinergic agents, and gastrointestinal hormones on the guanylate cyclase from guinea pig gastric mucosa. 2 35

Cimetidine inhibits basal and nocturnal acid secretion and acid secretion stimulated by histamine, pentagastrin, caffeine, insulin, sham feeding, and food. Cinetidine (300 mg) inhibits basal acid secretion in duodenal ulcer patients by 95% for at least 5 hr. When taken at bedtime, cimetidine inhibits nocturnal acid secretion by greater than 80% for most of the night. Cimetidine markedly inhibits food-stimulated acid secretion and is more effective than anticholinergic drugs. However, to get adequate suppression of food-stimulated acid secretion throughout the day, cimetidine should be given with each meal. Cimetidine has no effect on nocturnal serum gastrin concentration, but, when stimulated by food, serum gastrin concentration is higher after cimetidine than after placebo.
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PMID:Effect of H2-receptor antagonists on gastric acid secretion and serum gastrin concentration: a review. 2 38

Gastroduodenal ulceration occurred in 45 patients during the post-transplantation period in a series of 500 transplantations of 434 patients. The mortality rate of this complication was high, 42%. Bleeding and perforation were the main problems. These complications occurred frequently during treatment for acute rejection. Present day prophylaxis, which is based on the use of antacids, seems to be inadequate for controlling these complications. Other possibilities for reducing the incidence of gastroduodenal ulceration in transplant patients are discussed. Since increased serum gastrin concentrations are often observed in these patients, prophylactic treatment should be based on preoperative evaluation of gastric secretion and serum gastrin determinations. The new histamine (H2) blocking agents should be evaluated in these patients.
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PMID:Peptic ulceration in kidney transplantation. 2 27


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