Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01350 (gastrin)
 9,683 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The mechanisms controlling secretion of glucagon and other pancreatic hormones were studied in a patient affected with multihormone-secreting islet-cell tumor. Fasting glucagon levels (3,000 pg./ml.) rose to 10 ng./ml. following arginine stimulation. While oral glucose load and intravenous glucose infusion did not suppress glucagon secretion, insulin administration induced a prompt depression in glucagon levels. Glucagon, insulin, and gastrin levels were suppressed by somatostatin while calcium infusion caused a paradoxical increase. It is suggested that only some of the stimulation-inhibition mechanisms were conserved in this case of glucagon-secreting pancreatic tumor.
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PMID:Suppression and stimulation mechanisms controlling glucagon secretion in a case of islet-cell tumor producing glucagon, insulin, and gastrin. 0 26

The relationship between the serum gastrin and calcium concentrations has been examined in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type I. Variations in gastrin concentrations were induced by metiamide and secretin; calcium concentrations were altered by parathyroidectomy and by calcium infusion. Changes in the serum gastrin concentrations were not accompanied by changes in the serum calcium concentration. However, alteration of the serum calcium was accompanied by significant parallel changes in the serum gastrin. It is concluded that acute changes in the serum calcium may induce changes in the serum gastrin. Parathyroidectomy in these patients produced a fall in the serum gastrin, but the ability to produce large quantities of gastrin remains. It is postulated that the thyro-parathyroid hormones may modulate the relationship between calcium and gastrin.
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PMID:The relationship of the serum gastrin and calcium concentrations in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type I. 1 Oct 29

The effect of the gastric alkaline tide on serum-ionized calcium levels was determined in human subjects. Gastric acid seretion was stimulated by a standard steak meal, human synthetic gastrin, and betazole hydrochloride. Ionized calcium levels fell to a similar extent after each stimulus. The mean decrease in calcium ion concentration in all experiments was 5.4% of the basal concentration. The fall in serum calcium ion concentration was highly correlated with the rise in serum pH. We speculate that increased formation of calcium bicarbonate complex in the serum as well as increased binding of ionized calcium by serum protein accounts for the surprisingly large effect of the alkaline tide on serumionized calcium levels.
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PMID:The effect of the alkaline tide on serum-ionized calcium concentration in man. 1 62

Twenty-three patients with hyperparathyroidism from six families with the multiple endocrine adenomatosis (MEA) I-syndrome were tested by secretin provocation. In nine cases this led to increases in serum gastrin ranging from 298 to 13 300 pg/ml, whereas the maximum rise in gastrin in the other 14 patients was 32 pg/ml. In all nine patients with marked gastrin responses to secretin, the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome was diagnosed by gastric acid hypersecretion and large increases in gastrin after calcium administration. Six of these nine patients had, at most, minor postprandial rises in gastin and two had demonstrable tumors. In 34 normal subjects, 23 nonaffected members of families with MEA I-syndrome, and 42 patients with various diseases the maximum gastrin response to secretin was 21 pg/ml. We conclude that secretin provocation is helpful in the diagnosis of the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, especially when basal serum gastrin levels are only slightly elevated.
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PMID:Secretin-stimulated serum gastrin levels in hyperparathyroid patients from families with multiple endocrine adenomatosis type I. 1 40

The gastric acid output was studied in the 11 patients of hyperparathyroidism before and after parathyroidectomy. The gastric acid output before operation was almost equal to the normal control in our hospital. After the correction of serum calcium by parathyroidectomy, the gastric acid output and serum gastrin were decreased. The decreased gastric acid output was recovered as the days passed since operation and approached to the preoperative level. The acid output in hyperparathyroidism was less in the case whose activity of alkaline phosphatase was more, which suggested that the calcium deposition on gastric mucosa might damage the parietal cell as the result of long lasting hypercalcemia.
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PMID:The further investigation on the gastric acid secretion in the primary hyperparathyroidism. 2 34

Differential stimulating effects on the parietal cell of dogs by calcium, magnesium and sodium were noted only at an alkaline pH. Acid inhibited the parietal cell, and antral perfusion did not cause gastrin stimulation at any pH level. The pH of the milieu of the parietal cell appears to be a more critical regulator of acid secretion than physiologic antral gastrin variation.
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PMID:Cation and hydrogen ion effect on canine acid and gastrin output. 2 82

The clinical symptomatology of the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and the pathologic anatomy of gastrinomas are reviewed. Experience with 17 patients with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome is presented with special reference to stimulation tests (secretin, glucagon, calcium infusion, test meal) and to localization and immunohistologic, ultrastructural, and biochemical findings in gastrinomas. Multiple hormone production by the tumors is frequent. The ultrastructure and the Sephadex G-50 gel filtration patterns of immunoreactive gastrin in sera and tumors are not uniform and are not related to localization of the tumors in the pancreas or duodenum or to the gastrin concentration. Hyperplasia of the pancreatic islets is a frequent finding in gastrinoma patients, suggesting that hypergastrinemia may stimulate islet growth.
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PMID:Pathomorphologic, biochemical, and diagnostic aspects of gastrinomas (Zollinger-Ellison syndrome). 4 19

Using a 12-hour infusion of salmon synthetic calcitonin (S-CT), distinct and sustained inhibition of gastric acid and pepsin secretion has been demonstrated in 4 normal subjects, 3 patients with peptic ulcer disease and 3 high risk patients. In 3 patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, treated in the same way, elevated serum gastrin was reduced by about 50% and acid secretion by more than 90%. In healthy volunteers oral administration of human synthetic CT (H-CT) led to reduction in basal and pentagastrin-stimulated acid and pepsin secretion by about 50%, lasting for more than 2 hours after the instillation of CT. In 4 subjects receiving CT intravenously, slight nausea and headache were registered, while there were no side effects after the oral route. Serum calcium did not change after i.v. or oral administration of CT. Wheras therapeutical applications of CT, given by i.v. route, seem to be restricted to selected cases, i.e. acute gastric ulcerations with imminent or existent bleeding, the eventual benefit or orally administered CT in peptic ulcer disease should be evaluated in controlled long-term trials.
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PMID:Long-term effects of calcitonin on gastric secretion in normals, peptic ulcer and high risk patients. 6 56

Gastrin release was studied in 5 hypergastrinemic patients, both during calcium infusion and EDTA infusion. In each patient, gastrin decreased in conjunction with the fall in plasma calcium, and increased during calcium infusion. Plasma gastrin and calcium levels were strongly correlated.
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PMID:Modulation of gastrin release by acute changes in plasma calcium. 10 96

Mechanical length-tension properties and response to neurohumoral agents were compared for proximal and distal colonic muscle. Resting tension during stretch, acetylcholine-stimulated tension, and the total tension were determined. Proximal circular muscle developed a maximum total tension of 0.96 +/- 0.18 kg/cm2 (mean +/- SE) compared to 0.86 +/- 0.06 kg/cm2 for the distal colon (P greater than 0.05). Resting tension was 0.33 +/- 0.03 kg/cm2 for the proximal colon and 0.05 +/- 0.01 kg/cm2 for the distal colon at the length of optimal acetylcholine-stimulated tension (Lo) (P less than 0.01). Longitudinal muscle showed a similar difference for the proximal and distal colon. The high resting tension in the proximal colonic muscle was reduced by nitroprusside or calcium-free Krebs with EGTA. Dose-response curves to acetylcholine, histamine, phenylephrine, and isoproterenol were similar for the muscle of either part of the colon. Gastrin or cholecystokinin had no effect on the muscle. In summary, the circular or longitudinal muscles of the proximal and distal colon have different length-tension properties but only minimal differences in response to neurohumoral agents.
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PMID:Comparison of proximal and distal colonic muscle of the rabbit. 11 18


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