Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01350 (gastrin)
 9,683 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A hybridoma monoclonal antibody against human pepsinogen I was used to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for pepsinogen I in serum. In the two-step competitive procedure using antimouse immunoglobulin F(ab')2 fragment coupled to alkaline phosphatase, the measurable assay range was 8-256 micrograms/l. No cross-reactivity with rat pepsinogen 1, human pepsinogen II, gastrin I, bombesin, somatostatin and peptide YY was shown. However, there was slight cross-reactivity (0.09%) with porcine pepsinogen. The coefficients of variation within and between series were 7.6% and 13.0%. This enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serum pepsinogen I correlated positively with radioimmunoassay (r = 0.87, n = 92). The concentration range of serum pepsinogen I in 354 healthy controls was 15-100 micrograms/l with a lognormal distribution. Serum pepsinogen I levels were significantly higher in the subjects who developed active duodenal ulcer or active gastric ulcer, but significantly lower in those who had gastric cancer, than in control subjects.
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PMID:Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of serum pepsinogen I. 380 50

Paired indirect immunoenzyme staining based on primary antisera from the same species was performed sequentially without intermediate antibody elution. The first antigen was labelled brown by an immunoperoxidase procedure (either the two-stage indirect method, the unlabelled antibody peroxidase-antiperoxidase method, or the avidin-biotin bridge method using diaminobenzidine (DAB) and hydrogen peroxide as the substrates. The second antigen was labelled blue by applying a two-stage indirect immuno-alkaline phosphatase procedure using naphthol AS phosphate and Fast Blue BB salt as the substrate. In this way, polyclonal mucosal immunocytes were revealed in distinctly contrasting colours when stained for kappa and lambda light chains. Glucagon and somatostatin (D) cells in human pancreatic islets, and gastrin and D cells in human gastric antral glands, were likewise clearly differentiated. Conversely, a mixed colour appeared in some immunocytes after staining for alpha and kappa chains. However, unbalanced colour mixing was sometimes difficult to interpret, and additional experiments demonstrated that unwanted interactions could take place between the two sequences of reagents if the density of the DAB deposits was insufficient. These pitfalls were incompatible with unequivocal double staining in the same cell. Nevertheless, paired staining could be conveniently applied with the described procedures when prior knowledge had established that the antigens in question were located in separate cells.
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PMID:Paired indirect immunoenzyme staining with primary antibodies from the same species. Application of horseradish peroxidase and alkaline phosphatase as sequential labels. 620 74

Rats were kept undernourished from birth to 24 days of age. At 17 days of age, the undernourished animals were divided into two groups and then injected with either saline or epidermal growth factor (EGF; 20 micrograms/kg) once a day for 7 days. They were killed 12-14 h after the last injection at which time the animals were 24 days old. During the experimental period the undernourished animals were prevented from weaning. A well-nourished group (weaned) which was injected with saline from 17 to 24 days of age, was also included. Undernutrition by itself significantly decreased body weight and the weight of the oxyntic gland area, antrum, and small intestine. This was also accompanied by a parallel reduction in DNA, RNA, and protein content in the oxyntic gland and small intestine. However, administration of EGF to undernourished rats resulted in a partial reversal of the situation. In undernourished rats, EGF caused significant enhancements in body weight as well as the weight of the gastrointestinal tissues and their protein and nucleic acid content when compared with the saline-treated undernourished controls. Furthermore, the magnitude of stimulation was found to be greater in the oxyntic gland than in the small intestine following EGF administration. The antral or serum gastrin levels were not affected by EGF. In both saline- and EGF-treated undernourished rats, lactase, sucrase, and alkaline phosphatase activities (expressed as total or specific activity) were found to be significantly higher than in the well-nourished animals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Postnatal undernutrition: effect of epidermal growth factor on growth and function of the gastrointestinal tract in rats. 620 84

The effect of hydrocortisone (75 mg/kg) on antral, duodenal and pancreatic gastrin concentrations and on intestinal lactase, sucrase, maltase and alkaline phosphatase activities was investigated in suckling rats. Antral and pancreatic gastrin levels in normal 4- to 22-day-old rats were also determined. Hydrocortisone was injected daily to 7- and 10-day-old rats for 6 days. At the end of the experimental period the animals were 12 and 15 days old. Control groups were injected with saline. Hydrocortisone administration caused a profound induction in sucrase activity and markedly stimulated maltase and alkaline phosphatase activities in both age groups. After hydrocortisone administration 12-day-old rats showed a slight (28%) but significant stimulation in lactase activity, whereas in 15-day-old rats the enzyme activity was significantly decreased by 23%, compared to the respective saline control. Gastrin concentration in the antrum increased steadily between 4 and 22 days of age, whereas in the pancreas it decreased sharply from a relatively high level in 4-day-old rats to an essentially undetectable level in 22-day-old rats. Following hydrocortisone administration gastrin concentration in the antrum of 12- and 15-day-old rats was found to be significantly increased by 104 and 47%, respectively, but in the pancreas it decreased by 44 and 57%, when compared with the corresponding saline control. Hydrocortisone caused no apparent change in duodenal gastrin concentration in 12-day-old rats but produced a nonsignificant 35% increment in 15-day-old animals. The observed changes after hydrocortisone treatment are thought to be the result of an early maturation of the gastrointestinal mucosa and pancreas by the steroid.
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PMID:Effect of hydrocortisone on gastrin cell function in various tissues of suckling rats. 641 68

Chronic experiments in dogs with isolated loop of the small intestine and acute experiments in rats revealed specific interrelationships between the gastrin and the cholinergic activity: pentagastrin potentiated its effects by activation of cholinergic processes in the intestinal mucosa (increasing the acetylcholin content and the cholinesterase activity). The hormone activates the intestinal juice and enzyme secretion as well. The invertase and alkaline phosphatase activities intensify in the dense portion of the juice and in the tissue homogenate. Pentagastrin seems to exert a regulating effect upon the ecbolic processes in the ileum mucosa.
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PMID:[Cholinergic and hormonal correlations in the regulation of the secretory function of the small intestine]. 687 93

Duodenal ulcer patients with normal (n = 36) or increased (n = 24) gastric acid production during maximal pentagastrin stimulation, were examined preoperatively and at different intervals (up to 1 year) after highly selective vagotomy (HSV). Fasting levels of gastrin, parathormone, calcitonin, proteins, calcium and magnesium fractions, inorganic phosphate and alkaline phosphatase were determined in serum, those of glucagon in plasma. Both types of patients have the same gastrin levels preoperatively (approx. 36 pg-equiv./ml). Magnesium and alkaline phosphatase are significantly higher in patients with a normal secretory response than in those with hypersecretion. The postoperative gastrin increase is significantly higher in the former than in the latter, while postoperative glucagon levels drop in both groups. The analysis of calcium fractions and the dissociation constant did not show any HSV-mediated change in calcium metabolism. The magnesium levels, however, are lower one year after the operation than in the pre-operative period in patients with normosecretion. In this group parathormone and calcitonin remain unchanged while in patients with a hypersecretory response a slight (parathormone) or moderate (calcitonin) tendency towards low values can be recognized in the post-operative period. We conclude that the duodenal ulcer patients probably belong to groups with different pathophysiological behaviour which do not have identical reactions to HSV. Imbalances in the metabolism of minerals and that of related hormones could not be demonstrated up to one year after HSV.
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PMID:Gastrinemia, serum minerals and calciotropic hormones following highly selective vagotomy in duodenal ulcer patients. Results of a 1-year study. 721 25

Bile diverted into the canine stomach produced histological changes in gastric mucosa of mucus depletion, focal loss of epithelial cell height and focal epithelial degeneration that were maximal around the stoma. Bile depressed the gastric acid secretory response to both pentagastrin and histamine, but produced no change in fasting serum gastrin levels. The preparation used (cholecystogastrostomy) caused an elevation of both alkaline phosphatase and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase.
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PMID:Gastric morphological and functional changes produced by bile in the canine stomach. 729 77

Endocrine abnormalities in patients with chronic renal failure are well documented. The present study aimed to assess the influence of long-term erythropoietin (EPO) therapy on endocrine abnormalities in hemodialyzed patients. Two groups of hemodialyzed patients, each of which comprised 17 subjects, were examined. The first group was treated by EPO (EPO group) while the second one did not receive this hormone (No-EPO group). A complete biochemical and hormonal check-up was performed before and at the 3, 6, 9, and 12 month points of the study period. Normal values for the estimated parameters were obtained in appropriately selected sex- and age-matched healthy subjects. After EPO therapy, an increase of the hematocrit value from 21.8 +/- 0.9 to 32.6 +/- 0.9% was observed, which was accompanied by a significant decline of plasma ferritin and saturation of transferrin. In patients of the No-EPO group, a significant although less marked rise of the hematocrit value (21.4 +/- 0.4 to 24.2 +/- 0.6%) was also noticed. EPO therapy did not change plasma levels of electrolytes (Na, K, Ca, inorganic phosphate), osteocalcin, creatinine, glucose, and alkaline phosphatase as well as plasma concentrations of calcium-related hormones (PTH, calcitonin, 1,25[OH]2D3), vasopressin, and triiodothyronine. EPO treatment induced a significant decrease in somatotropin, prolactin, follitropin, lutropin, ACTH, cortisol, plasma renin activity, aldosterone, noradrenaline, adrenaline, dopamine, glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide, and gastrin plasma levels and an increase in plasma insulin, estradiol, testosterone, atrial natriuretic peptide, thyrotropin, and thyroxine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Function of endocrine organs in hemodialyzed patients of long-term erythropoietin therapy. 762 22

Thrombosis of the left subclavian vein occurred in a 44-year-old man. It was found to be caused by an atypical thymus carcinoid of the anterior mediastinum without carcinoid syndrome. Primary resection was not possible, but it was removed after three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin, cisplatin, vincristine and cyclophosphamide. Increased concentrations of alkaline phosphatase and parathormone were then noted. Subtotal parathyroidectomy revealed hyperplastic parathyroids. A gastrinoma was suspected from a history of peptic ulcer for many years which had persisted despite a Billroth II gastric resection 10 years ago. Serum gastrin, analysis of gastric secretion and a secretin-stimulating test confirmed the diagnosis. Recurrent episodes of weakness and syncope, in the presence of low blood sugar levels and a positive C-peptide suppression test, were interpreted as due to an insulinoma. There was no evidence of increased hypophyseal or adrenal function. Finally, in the absence of a family history, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1) was diagnosed with co-existing primary hyperparathyroidism, gastrinoma, insulinoma and thymus carcinoid. Somatostatin-receptor scintigraphy provided localization of the MEN 1 with enrichment in the thorax and abdomen.
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PMID:[Thymus carcinoid in multiple endocrine neoplasms type I]. 790 23

The effect of omeprazole on liver regeneration was studied in rats following partial (65 per cent) hepatectomy. Omeprazole 0.2 mg/kg increased the relative liver weight (weight of liver as a proportion of body-weight) and mitotic index (P < 0.05). There was no difference in food and water intake. The serum gastrin concentration was significantly higher in animals receiving omeprazole 0.2 mg/kg than in controls (P < 0.05). Omeprazole administration induced an increase in the level of serum alkaline phosphatase (P < 0.05) but had no effect on serum albumin, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and total bilirubin levels. Omeprazole stimulates liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy and this regeneration may be mediated by gastrin.
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PMID:Liver regeneration is enhanced by omeprazole in rats following partial hepatectomy. 795 55


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