Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P01350 (gastrin)
 9,683 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Multi-autocrine loops of the epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor alpha (TGF alpha), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and TGF beta system are expressed in human gastrointestinal carcinomas. In esophageal and gastric carcinomas, they evidently play an important role in tumor progression. Gastrin, one of the major gut hormones, may also act as an autocrine growth factor for gastric and colonic carcinomas. The HST1 and INT-2 genes, belonging to the fibroblast growth factor gene family, are coamplified in approximately 50% of primary tumors and in all the metastatic tumors of esophageal carcinoma. TGF alpha and EGF are the ligands of the tumor cells that overexpress EGF receptor in esophageal carcinomas. The synchronous expression of EGF and its receptor, as well as TGF alpha and ras p21, is evidently correlated with the depth of tumor invasion, metastasis and prognosis of gastric carcinomas. Amplification of c-erbB-2 and EGF receptor genes has been observed in many metastatic sites of gastric carcinomas regardless of histological type. In addition to TGF alpha and EGF, TGF beta and PDGF A chain produced by tumor cells may stimulate collagen synthesis not only by fibroblasts but also by tumor cells themselves, resulting in extensive progression and diffuse fibrosis of scirrhous gastric carcinomas. Moreover, TGF alpha or EGF and estrogen may also play a cooperative role in the development of scirrhous gastric carcinoma. In colorectal carcinoma, it has been shown that the accumulation of several alterations in ras genes and p53 genes is most important for the conversion of adenoma to carcinoma. Critical genetic changes, including activation of oncogenes, mutation and deletion of tumor suppressor genes and disturbances in transcriptional regulatory sequences, may bring about aberrant expression of growth factors and their receptors in gastrointestinal carcinomas. The understanding of the significance of EGF-related growth factors in tumor progression provides a framework for a biological approach to the therapy of human gastrointestinal carcinomas. 8-Cl-cAMP, which inhibits expression of oncogenes and TGF alpha, may be useful not only for cancer therapy but also for the study of cell differentiation.
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PMID:Growth factors and oncogenes in human gastrointestinal carcinomas. 215 13

In an effort to clarify the effect of pancreatic juice diversion (PJD) on the gastric acid and gut hormone secretion, models of PJD and non-PJD were prepared in dogs with Heidenhain pouch (HP). Two types of operative procedures, pancreatico-jejunostomy with Roux-Y reconstruction as a PJD model (RY group), and pancreatico-jejuno-duodenostomy using interposed jejunum as a non-PJD model (INT group) were carried out. The results were obtained as follows. 1. Both endocrine and exocrine function of the pancreas were preserved by either procedure. 2. Gastric acid secretion from HP after test meal ingestion was significantly increased postoperatively in RY group and was not affected in INT group. 3. Postprandial secretion of gastrin was not affected by these operative procedures in both RY and INT group. Secretion of GIP was significantly suppressed in RY group and was not changed in INT group. Secretion of enteroglucagon was significantly increased in both groups. These results indicate that significant increase of postprandial gastric secretion as shown in RY group is conceivably based on the significant suppression of GIP secretion produced by PJD.
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PMID:[Effect of pancreatic juice diversion on gastric acid and gut hormone secretion]. 369 41

Transition Therapeutics (through its acquisition of Waratah Pharmaceuticals), in collaboration with Novo Nordisk, is developing E1-INT, an injectable islet neogenesis therapy comprising an epidermal growth factor analog and a gastrin analog, for the treatment of insulin-dependent (type 1) and non-insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetes. The compound is currently undergoing phase II clinical trials.
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PMID:E1-INT (Transition Therapeutics/Novo Nordisk). 1625 25