Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P01350 (gastrin)
 9,683 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gastrointestinal myoelectric activity was studied in three conscious fasted dogs with electrodes surgically implanted in the stomach and small intestine, during separate and combined intravenous infusions of 13-norleucine motilin (13-nle-motilin) and pentagastrin (PG). Basal recordings confirmed the presence of regular interdigestive myoelectric complexes (MC's). 13-nle-motilin infusion below 50 ng/kg-h was without effect: higher doses up to 400 ng/kg-h resulted in the interpolation of one or more MC's in the spontaneous sequence. The rate of aboral transit of 13-nle-molitin-induced MC's did not differ significantly from that of spontaneous MC's. When MC's were abolished by feeding or PG infusion, simultaneous 13-nle-motilin administration was without effect on spike activity, but slightly attenuated the accelerating effect of gastrin on the gastric pacemaker frequency. The myoelectric events triggered by 13-nle-motilin suggest that in the conscious dog the polypeptide may not act directly on the smooth muscle cell, as it does in vitro, but through an extra-enteric neural control mechanism which is uncoupled by gastrin.
 ...
PMID:The gastrointestinal myoelectric response to 13-Nle-motilin infusion during interdigestive and digestive states in the conscious dog. 90 76

The gastrointestinal hormones influence gastric mucosal blood flow in different ways. Gastrin, secretin and pancreocymin increase gastric mucosal blood flow, glucagon, vip and somatostatin decrease it. Motilin has a special position. Given alone motilin improves gastric mucosal blood flow, wheras it reduces gastric mucosal blood flow after previous administration of pentagastrin or histamin.
 ...
PMID:[Gastrointestinal hormones and blood circulation in the gastric mucosa]. 96 Sep 10

In the gastroesophageal closing mechanism there is a digestive sphincter which as yet has only been identified by its function. This sphincter is subject to the action of gastrointestinal hormones; all hormones, except gastrin and possibly motilin have a relaxing effect. This action sets in only following administration of relatively large doses and thus corresponds to pharmacological effects. The physiological effect of gastrin long under discussion could not be proved in these tests - at least not for antral G 17. Whether or to what extent other hormones - perhaps Big gastrin - have an effect on the control of the lower esophageal sphincter under normal conditions remains yet to be determined.
 ...
PMID:[Gastrointestinal hormones and lower esophageal sphincter]. 96 Sep 15

Gastrointestinal hormones are considered to be those that are formed in the gastrointestinal tract and there, in physiological concentrations, develop their effects on motility, secretion, trophism, bloodflow and absorption. Structural analysis, synthesis or a high degree of purity after extraction, and its exact demonstration by means of a useful radioimmunoassay, form the basis for the establishment of a polypeptide as a gastrointestinal hormone. To this category belong, at the present time, gastrin, cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ) and secretin. GIP, VIP, motilin, glucagon and somatostatin are considered likely candidates. The substances gastrin and CCK-PZ, which are structurally related and have a predominantly stimulating effect, and the structurally dissimilar motilin, contrast with the partially or totally inhibiting hormones of the glucagon family, namely, secretin, VIP, glucagon-enteroglucagon, GIP and somatostatin. By the combined action of these hormones with one another and with the autonomic nervous system, the digestive processes are regulated. Disturbances in the formation of these hormones, in particular an overproduction, give rise to disease syndromes that can now be diagnosed and, in part, treated by surgery. The therapeutic application of gastrointestinal hormones has now also become a possibility.
 ...
PMID:[Gastrointestinal hormones]. 96 Sep 54

Under endoscopic control, biopsy specimens were taken from the oxyntic gland area of the stomach before and after administration of pentagastrin, synthetic secretin, and 13-norleucine motilin (13-nle-motilin), respectively. In 29 volunteers, the basal rate of 14C-leucine incorporation into mucosal protein averaged 41.2 +/- 7.7 X 103 cpm/mg protein (mean +/- S.D.). One and 4 hours after s.c. administration of pentagastrin (6 mug/kg body weight), values were significantly increased (p less than 0.05) by 18.9 and 21.8%, respectively, with respect to the basal level. One hour after an intravenous shot of 2 CU per kg body weight of secretin, gastric mucosal protein synthetis was not substantially inhibited, whereas a 1-hour continuous i.v. infusion of 13-nle-motilin (0.4 mug/kg body weight, hr) significantly decreased 14C-leucine incorporation rates by 17.5% (p less than 0.05). In contrast to rats, 1 hour after s.c. pentagastrin, protein synthesis in human duodenal mucosa was not altered. From these results it may be concluded that pentagastrin has a trophic influence on gastric mucosa in man. Moreover, the data presented are compatible with the hypothesis that gastrin and motilin may be involved in the regulation of human gastric mucosal protein synthesis.
 ...
PMID:Effects of in vivo administration of pentagastrin, secretin, and 13-Nle-Motilin on the in vitro incorporation of 14C-leucine into protein of human gastric mucosa. 99 30

A specific radioimmunoassay for motilin has been developed with the use of antisera to porcine motilin raised in guinea pigs. Highly purified 125-I-motilin was used as the tracer and the sensitivity range was 10 to 320 pg. No cross-reactivity was demonstrated with gastric inhibitory polypeptide, secretin, glucagon, gastrin, cholecystokinin-pancreozymin, or vasoactive intestinal peptide. In dogs with denervated pouches of the fundus of the stomach and Mann-Bollman fistulae, duodenal alkalinization resulted in an increase in gastric motor activity in the fundic pouch with a corresponding increase in serum motilin.
 ...
PMID:Radioimmunoassay for motilin. 112 96

This study in man (n = 35) deals with the effects of in vivo administration of pentagastrin, synthetic secretin, and 13-norleucine-motilin (13-nle-motillin), respectively, on the in vitro incorporation of 14C-leucine into gastric mucosal protein. From the results presented it may be concluded that pentagastrin has a trophic influence on gastric mucosa in man, too, while protein synthesis in human duodenal mucosa remains unaltered. As the incorporatin of 14C-leucine into gastric mucosal protein is inhibited both by secretion and 13-nle-motiln, it may be hypothesised that secretin and motilin act as functional antagonists of gastrin in the regulation of human gastric mucosal protein synthesis.
 ...
PMID:Protein synthesis in human gastric mucosa: effects of pentagastrin, secretin, and 13-nle-motilin. 119 72

In conscious fasted dogs, with chronically-implanted electrodes in stomach and small intestine, typical aborally-propagated interdigestive myoelectric complexes were induced by the infusion of 13-nor-leucine motilin (13-Nle-M); whereas when the normal interdigestive activity was abolished by the infusion of pentagastrin, the resulting 'postprandial' pattern of activity was not significantly modified by the administration of 13-Nle-M. Results from this study provide further evidence that Motilin as well as Gastrin may be involved in the control of gastrointestinal motility in dogs.
 ...
PMID:13-norleucine motilin versus pentagastrin: contrasting and competitive effects on gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity in the conscious dog. 121 Oct 67

The morphology and distribution of secretin (S) cells were investigated in the human and the dog. S cells were well-visualized by the indired immunofluorescence antibody technique, using a highly specific rabbit anti-secretin sera. The fluorescence reaction was not blocked by an excess amount of gastrin, cholecystokinin, glucagon, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, or motilin, whereas secretin blocked the reaction. S cells were seen in the mucosa of the antrum and duodenum in both humans and dogs, and throughout the entire length of the canine small intestine. They were not found in the mucosa of the esophagus, fundus of the stomach, or rectum. These cells were either pyramidal in shape or pearshaped and were one-third of the size of gastrin cells. The possible significance of S-cell distribution in the antrum and small intestine is discussed.
 ...
PMID:Secretion cells in the gastrointestinal tract. 127 7

Non-nutritive sucking in premature infants accelerates weight gain for unclear reasons. The effects of non-nutritive sucking on enteral hormone secretion may augment digestion and/or absorption of nutrients. Blood concentrations of gastrin, motilin, insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 were measured before and 72 h after the initiation of nasogastric feedings in 21 premature infants randomly assigned to either a non-nutritive suckling or control group. Gastrin and motilin concentrations increased significantly after feedings in all infants (mean +/- SEM) (gastrin, 41 +/- 4 to 73 +/- 9 pg/ml, p < 0.01; motilin, 141 +/- 5 to 181 +/- 3 pg/ml, p < 0.01) Pre- and post-feed insulin concentrations were greater in the non-nutritive sucking group receiving bolus feeds than in control infants who were bolus-fed (P < 0.01). Non-nutritive sucking in premature infants does not appear to alter blood concentrations of motilin, gastrin, insulin or insulin-like growth factor-1 three days after initiation of feedings. If changes in the secretion of these hormones are induced by non-nutritive sucking, they may be at a local paracrine level.
 ...
PMID:Non-nutritive sucking does not increase blood levels of gastrin, motilin, insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 in premature infants receiving enteral feedings. 129 Aug 61


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>