Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P01350 (gastrin)
 9,683 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We describe the clinical and pathological findings in two Japanese men with small cell carcinoma of the prostate; case 1 was 58 years old and case 2 was 24 years old. Case 1 was initially diagnosed as a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the prostate, stage D2, with marked elevation of serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and CA 19-9 levels. The patient had undergone castration and systemic chemotherapy. After three courses of chemotherapy, tumour markers were normalized. However, 6 months later serum levels of tumour markers again rose, and biopsy of the prostate revealed a small cell carcinoma component in the adenocarcinoma of the prostate and benign prostate hypertrophy. The patient was again treated with systemic chemotherapy but died within 1 year after relapse. In case 2, the patient presented with initial symptoms of lumbago and dysuria, and an enlarged prostate was radiologically diagnosed. Shortly after admission he developed ileus, and an exploratory laparotomy revealed a large tumour arising from the prostate and invading the peritoneal cavity. This tumour was pathologically diagnosed as a small cell carcinoma. The patient died shortly thereafter without responding to chemotherapy. Immunohistological evaluation was done using a panel of antibodies against NSE, chromogranin A, CEA, CA 19-9, prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), leukocyte common antigen (LCA), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), calcitonin, serotonin, gastrin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and glucagon. CEA was intensely positive in the tumour lesions from case 1, and NSE and ACTH were focally positive, and calcitonin, serotonin, CA 19-9, and PSA were weakly positive only in several cells in the tumour lesions from case 1. In the tumour lesion from case 2, NSE was intensely positive, and chromogranin A was weakly positive. These findings support the neuroendocrine nature of this neoplasm.
 ...
PMID:Two cases of small cell carcinoma of the prostate. 900 36

The clinical and pathological features of metastatic prostate cancer with normal level of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were investigated. Four patients with metastatic prostate cancer had serum PSA within the normal range at the diagnosis. All tumors were poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma. Endocrine therapy was performed as the initial therapy in all patients. Despite subsequently treatment, all cases died of prostate cancer at 2, 8, 9 and 38 months. During disease progression, 3 of 4 patients had elevated serum markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA19-9, CA15-3, CA125, neuron-specific enolase and pro-gastrin releasing peptide. Immunohistochemical examination of the initial biopsy specimens revealed that 4 and 3 cases were positive for CEA and chromogranin A, respectively. In advanced prostate cancer patients with low PSA level, those markers may aid in the follow up of disease.
 ...
PMID:Metastatic prostate cancer with normal level of serum prostate-specific antigen. 1507 91

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer in men worldwide, but it exhibits a highly variable biological behavior ranging from indolent to highly aggressive disease. The standard conventional imaging for staging PCa consists of CT, MRI, and bone scans, but this imaging has suboptimal accuracy for extraprostatic tumor detection, particularly in the scenario of early biochemical relapse when the prostate-specific antigen levels are still low indicating a low volume of recurrent disease. This gap between known disease (as indicated by a rising prostate-specific antigen) and the failure to detect it on conventional imaging, has led to the development of novel imaging probes most of which have positron emitting radioactive tags. In the last decade, multiple PET probes have demonstrated promising performance in detecting sites of recurrence and extent of disease in patients with PCa. The landscape of available PET radiotracers is changing rapidly and includes radiolabeled choline, anti1-amino-3-18F-fluorocyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid (18F-fluciclovine), bombesin, dihydrotestosterone, and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) ligands, among others. Of these, radiolabeled PSMA-PET agents have shown the most encouraging results in terms of sensitivity and are likely to become universally available for imaging PCa within a few years Other PET radiotracers such as bombesin-based radiotracers and antagonist of gastrin releasing-peptide receptor (RM2) are emerging as possible alternatives for PCa imaging. This review article discusses the current and near-future of PET molecular imaging probes.
 ...
PMID:New Targets for PET Molecular Imaging of Prostate Cancer. 3122 55