Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01350 (gastrin)
 9,683 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Monolayer tissue culture has been used as a system in which to study aspects of ectopic hormone secretion. Of a series of twenty-four human bronchial carcinomas, nineteen were successfully established in culture and the supernatant medium from each tested for peptide hormones by radioimmunoassay. Six tumours were found to produce adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH), four to release calcitonin (CT) and one to release both of these hormones. No growth hormone or insulin was detected throughout the series. Net in vitro synthesis of both ACTH and CT was demonstrated by recovery of more hormone during culture than was originally contained in the explanted tumour tissue. The production of hormone by four out of six proliferative cultures established, and its persistence through many subculture passages, confirms ectopic hormone production as a stable heritable characteristic of some lung tumours. The ability of hormone-producing bronchial tumour cells to respond to factors known to influence hormone output from normal endocrine cells was tested. ACTH release was stimulated in one tumour by Pitressin and CT in another by gastrin. In addition, the release of CT from the same tumour cell line was shown to be inhibited by the accumulation of high external concentrations of CT as has been reported for normal C-cells.
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PMID:Ectopic hormone production by bronchial carcinomas in culture. 21 32

Due to an apparently selective vasoconstrictive effect on the splanchnic circulation, somatostatin (SRIF) has been advocated for the treatment of variceal hemorrhage. The present study was designed to compare and contrast the systemic and splanchnic hemodynamic effects of SRIF and two of its long-acting analogs (SMS 201,995 and L 363,568) with those of Pitressin. Anesthetized pigs were subjected to laparotomy for placement of an electromagnetic flowmeter on the main trunk of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA). Systemic hemodynamic parameters of arterial blood pressure and cardiac output were monitored with thermodilution catheters. Portal venous blood was collected for measurement of plasma levels of SMS 201,995 and L 363,568 and for determination of gastrin levels during infusion of the latter analog. Experimental drugs were administered via an aortic cannula in a range (5-10 mg/kg bolus and 5-10 mg/kg/min continuous infusion) of dosages. At the higher dosages, SRIF, SMS 201,995, and L 363,568 decreased SMA blood flow (mean% +/- SD) 5.6 +/- 2.2, 1.6 +/- 4.4, and 8.0 +/- 3.8 after 10 min. None of the values achieved significance when compared to variation in baseline determinations. Pitressin (0.25 units, intravenously) produced a consistent and highly significant (P less than 0.001) reduction-in SMA flow after 5 min. Pharmacologic levels of SMS 201,995 and L 363,568 were reliably achieved in portal blood and the latter produced significant reduction (P less than 0.05) in portal venous levels of gastrin. SRIF and its long-acting analogs produced no significant splanchnic nor systemic hemodynamic effects in this model.
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PMID:Somatostatin and analogs lack splanchnic vasoconstrictive effects in anesthetized pigs. 289 Jul 95

The purpose of the workshop was to critically evaluate the use of octreotide in the management of important surgical and gastroenterological conditions. The topics covered included: (1) management of functioning gut neuroendocrine tumors, (2) new approaches to localize these tumors, (3) the place of octreotide in the treatment of variceal bleedings, and (4) the use of octreotide in postoperative conditions. Octreotide therapy has been shown to be effective in the carcinoid syndrome, in which symptom control is achieved in 85% of patients, and reduction in 5-HIAA in 60%. Although tumor regression is rarely seen, prolongation of survival probably occurs. Control of diarrhea has been achieved in 84% of patients with VIPoma treated with octreotide. Similarly, octreotide has been found to provide effective control of the necrolytic, migratory dermatitis seen in glucagonoma. By contrast, insulinomas are more resistant to somatostatin agonist therapy. In the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, octreotide is effective in alleviating symptoms and in reducing serum gastrin levels. However, its use in this syndrome has been superceded by omeprazole. Radioiodine-labelled octreotide has been very effective in in vivo imaging of neuroendocrine tumors in the abdomen, and is now considered the best available technique for localizing these tumors preoperatively. Intraoperative localization with a hand-held gamma camera is being developed. There is an exciting future possibility to use the technique to deliver therapy to tumors. Octreotide therapy has been shown to be at least as effective as and without the adverse hemodynamic effects of Pitressin in control of variceal hemorrhage. It should be regarded as one of several modalities of therapy in the condition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Somatostatin analogue therapy in functioning neuroendocrine gut tumors. 835 71