Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01350 (gastrin)
 9,683 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Plasma levels of gastrin, adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and somatotropin (STH) were determined 24 hours after pylorus ligation and after pylorus ligation and vagotomy by radioimmunoassay. Pylorus ligation increases the serum levels of these hormones, while vagotomy inhibits the production of these ones. We conclude that the antiulcerogenetic effect of surgical vagotomy is closely related with the changes in the level of these hormones.
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PMID:Gastrin, ACTH and STH after pylorus ligation and vagotomy in rats. 283 73

In the rat nephrectomy raises the serum gastrin concentration but makes the parietal cells refractory to gastrin. Pylorus ligation stimulates the gastric acid output by a long vago-vagal reflex in innervated animals and by an intramural reflex in chronically vagotomized animals. Nephrectomy reduced the acid response to pylorus ligation in vagally intact rats but enhanced it in vagotomized rats. The acid response to pylorus ligation in all the experimental groups was inhibited by a muscarinic blocker, atropine, and by an H2-antagonist, metiamide. The serum gastrin concentration was raised by nephrectomy and by vagal denervation. Histamine mobilization from gastric endocrine cells is reflected in the activity of gastric histidine decarboxylase. The enzyme activity in pylorus-ligated innervated rats was raised by pentagastrin, atropine, and metiamide. In nephrectomized rats the basal enzyme activity was high, and it was raised further, slightly but significantly, by pentagastrin. The basal enzyme activity in pylorus-ligated rats was also quite high after vagotomy, and it was raised further by pentagastrin. After vagotomy + nephrectomy the basal enzyme activity was very high; it was not raised further by pentagastrin. It appears that both vago-vagal and intramural reflexes involve a cholinergic and a histaminergic pathway, that gastrin is not important for the neurally mediated acid response elicited by pylorus ligation, and that the postulated histaminergic pathway does not involve histamine derived from the gastric endocrine-like cells.
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PMID:Mechanism of gastric acid response to pylorus ligation: effects of nephrectomy. 666 25

Effects of 4 weeks of treatment with oral cimetidine, 100 mg/kg twice daily, on gastric secretion and plasma gastrin levels were studied in rats. Pylorus ligation-induced and pentagastrin-stimulated gastric secretions were little changed at days 1, 3, and 10 after cessation of cimetidine treatment as compared to the controls. Histamine-stimulated acid secretion was significantly higher in the cimetidine-treated group than in the controls at day 3 after cimetidine treatment but was unchanged at days 1 and 10. A single oral administration of cimetidine at 100 mg/kg significantly increased plasma gastrin levels 4 hr after the treatment in refed rats but not at 2 and 8 hr later. Plasma gastrin levels significantly decreased at days 3 and 10 after cessation of cimetidine treatment as compared to the controls. Thus, while prolonged treatment with cimetidine induces a transient increase in response of parietal cells to histamine and a reduction of food-stimulated gastrin release, it does not seem to induce other appreciable changes in gastric secretion.
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PMID:Gastric secretory conditions and plasma gastrin levels in rats after prolonged treatment with cimetidine. 669 31

1. Pylorus ligation stimulated the acid output in vagally intact rats. The serum gastrin concentration and the gastric mucosal histamine content were not affected. The gastric histidine decarboxylase activity was initially slightly elevated and then greatly reduced (12-20 hr after ligation).2. Pylorus ligation stimulated the acid output in chronically, but not in acutely, vagotomized rats. Chronic vagotomy raises the serum gastrin concentration, the gastric histamine content and histidine decarboxylase activity. The serum gastrin concentration was further raised by pylorus ligation. The histamine content was initially lowered but returned to preligation values after 20 hr. The histidine decarboxylase activity first decreased, but increased to very high levels 5-6 hr after ligation. Twelve hours after ligation it was lower than before ligation.3. Following pylorus ligation pentagastrin and histamine stimulated the acid output in vagally intact and in acutely vagotomized but not in chronically vagotomized rats. By contrast, pentagastrin raised the histidine decarboxylase activity in vagally intact and in chronically vagotomized, but not in acutely vagotomized rats.4. The two major populations of endocrine cells of the oxyntic gland area (ECL cells and A-like cells) are argyrophil, store histamine and are capable of taking up exogenous DOPA and of decarboxylating it to dopamine which is retained in the cytoplasm for several hours. As evidenced by light and fluorescence microscopy pylorus ligation did not affect their argyrophilia or their ability to produce and store dopamine.5. Pylorus ligation caused ultrastructural changes in the gastrin cells of the pyloric gland area and in the histamine-storing ECL and A-like cells of the oxyntic gland area. The two endocrine cell types in the oxyntic gland area were enlarged by pylorus ligation, more so after 16 hr than after 4 hr. The size of the gastrin cells seemed unaffected. In all three cell types pylorus ligation reduced the number of cytoplasmic granules. There was no increase in the Golgi area or in the endoplasmic reticulum in any of the endocrine cell types of the oxyntic gland area. It appears unlikely that the ultrastructural changes of the ECL and A-like cells reflect an increased rate of histamine mobilization.6. The acid response to pylorus ligation probably reflects neuronal reflex mechanisms exclusively. There is no evidence that gastrin or histamine released from gastric endocrine cells mediate the response.
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PMID:Gastric acid response to pylorus ligation in rats: is gastrin or histamine involved? 709 72