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Query: UNIPROT:P01275 (glucagon)
 26,492 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of beta-selective blockade with metoprolol on the glucagon blood plasma level during insulin-induced hypoglycemia were studied in 20 control dogs, and 20 alloxan diabetic dogs. The results indicate that the sensitivity to exogenous insulin is increased in alloxan diabetes glucose counterregulatory mechanisms are impaired. After insulin administration glucagon concentration increased much more and quicker in the control group than in diabetic dogs. Beta-blockade with metoprolol increased glucagon secretion in both groups.
Pol Tyg Lek
PMID:[Effects of beta-selective blockade on levels of glucagon in blood plasma during insulin-induced hypoglycemia]. 270 37

In nine splenectomized male dogs a splenic artery, -splenic vein shunt was made. Before splenectomy and 3, 6 and 18 months after arterialization of portal blood, different metabolic and endocrine parameters were estimated. Long-term arterialization of portal blood was followed by only insignificant increase of portal vein pressure but a significant drop of pCO2 and increase of pO2 in portal blood was recorded. Simultaneously, a significant decrease of the erythrocyte count, hematocrit value, serum cholesterol and uric acid levels, and a shortening of the T1/2 of insulin and glucagon were found. In contrast, long-term arterialization of portal blood was followed by a significant increase of serum triglycerides, alpha2-globulins, plasma renin activity, cortisol, gastrin and 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and by slight carbohydrate intolerance. No morphological abnormalities in the liver and kidney tissue were found. Data presented in this paper suggest usefulness of a splenic artery-splenic vein shunt in the treatment of some metabolic disorders and of the failing hepatocytes.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Metabolic effects of long-term arterialization of portal blood. 309 52

Diazoxide was used to prevent the high insulin secretion after glucagon administration to rabbits. Using of this benzothiadiazine allowed to investigate an effect of glucagon on the blood glucose, free fatty acids and triglycerides without raised insulin. The concentration of serum glucose was increased in all experiments (with or without diazoxide infusion), however both normoinsulinemic and hyperinsulinemic rabbits showed return to the control value in the end of experiments. In the case of FFA the high level of insulin was necessary to return their concentration to the control value. Glucagon alone had no effect on serum TG level.
Pol Arch Weter 1987
PMID:[Use of diazoxide in the studies of the effect of glucagon on the blood serum levels of glucose, free fatty acids and triglycerides in rabbits]. 333 61

In 1978 it was observed that an aqueous extract of the submaxillary salivary glands of rats contained a protein substance which was able in vitro to mobilize free fatty acids and glycerol from the adipose tissue of rat epididymis. Using a Sephadex G-100 column it was possible to demonstrate in the aqueous extract of rat submaxillary salivary glands three protein fractions with molecular weights 72 000 D, 52 000 D and 14 000 D. Each of these fractions could stimulate lipolysis and the optimal protein concentration in the incubation fluid was 10(-6)M. In an alkaline medium the protein fractions exerted a greater lipolytic effect. In relation to adrenaline, ACTH, glucagon, the lipolytic effect of the studied fractions was about 30% lower.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:A lipolytic factor from the submaxillary salivary glands of the rat. 609 57

Administration of insulin 1 i.u./100 g of body weight to hypothermic rats causes a fall of glucose and lactate levels in the serum and a rise in myocardial glycogen level in relation to the group of control rats kept at room temperature and to the group of rats subjected only to hypothermia. Beta-adrenergic blockade (propranolol 0.6-1 mg/kg) caused no changes in the levels of carbohydrate metabolites in the serum of hypothermic rats but raised the myocardial glycogen level by 42% in relation to the animals subjected only to hypothermia. Simultaneous administration of both these agents during hypothermia produces a fall of the serum levels of glucose and pyruvate with a rise in the level of lactate, and raises the glycogen level in the myocardium (by about 161%) and in the skeletal muscle (by 54%) in relation to the rats subjected to hypothermia alone. Insulin and/or propranolol fail to prevent glycogen reserve exhaustion in the liver of hypothermic rats which could be due to activation of non-blocked alpha-adrenergic receptors or to the action of yet another glycogenolytic agent, e.g. glucagon, during hypothermia.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Effects of insulin and beta-adrenergic blockade on certain indicators of carbohydrate metabolism in the blood and tissues of rats during short-lasting hypothermia. 613 94

Short-lasting hypothermia during thiobutabarbital general anaesthesia causes no decrease of the absolute ATP level in the blood and liver of rats. The adenylate energy charge in the tissues is relatively high - 0.86 in the liver and 0.85 in the muscles, which might be an evidence of a significant "energy sparing" during moderate hypothermia (26 +/- 1 degree C). Somatostatin in a dose of 20 micrograms/kg of body weight given to the rats during hypothermia decreased the ATP level, the ATP/ADP ratio and the adenylate energy charge in the studied tissues, especially in the liver, evidencing increased intensity of catabolic processes caused by the inhibitory action of somatostatin on the release of insulin and glucagon, among other hormones, and on the change of the insulin/glucagon ratio.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Somatostatin effect on the level of adenyl nucleotides in the blood and tissues of rats during short-lasting hypothermia. 614 95

The serum of hypothermic animals shows in vitro the ability of mobilizing fatty acids from the adipose tissue. This ability is quantitatively comparable to the lipolytic activity of glucagon but is lower than that of adrenaline. Propranolol decreases the lipid-mobilizing activity in the serum of hypothermic animals in vitro. Similarly insulin added to the medium with the serum of hypothermic animals decreased the lipid-mobilizing activity.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Effect of certain factors modifying the lipid-mobilizing activity in vitro in the serum of rats during hypothermia. 638 43

The effect of glucagon given intravenously on pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion and gastric mucosal blood flow was studied in anaesthetized cats with gastric fistula. In parallel the catecholamines content in the gastric mucosa was measured. A continuous infusion of glucagon (25 ng/kg/h) caused a significant decrease of acid output (on the average by 33%) and gastric mucosal blood flow (by 40%). In these studies a concomitant increase in noradrenaline content of gastric mucosa was always seen (on the average by 108%). By determining the change in the ratio of blood flow to secretory rate a reduction in mucosal blood flow was found to be primary to the fall in secretion. The studies indicate that the inhibitory effect of glucagon on pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion is due to restriction of mucosal blood flow. The results confirm also earlier data that glucagon stimulates the release of catecholamines.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Effect of glucagon on pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion and mucosal blood flow in cats. 654 27

The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of alpha and beta adrenoceptor blockade on gastric acid secretion, mucosal blood flow (GMBF) and catecholamine content of the gastric mucosa during glucagon-induced inhibition of gastric acid secretion. The secretory response to continuous infusion of pentagastrin (6 micrograms/kg/h) was reduced by regitine (0.5 mg/kg/h) and propranolol (25 micrograms/kg/h). Glucagon (25 ng/kg/h) further slightly decreased HCl secretion. GMBF was also significantly inhibited by regitine and propranolol. Administration of glucagon continued decreasing of the GMBF. By determining the change in the ratio of blood flow to secretory rate, this reduction in mucosal blood flow was found to be secondary to a fall in secretion. In these studies a concomitant increase in noradrenaline content of the gastric mucosa was observed: after regitine by 50%, after propranolol--by 32.5%, after these blockers given simultaneously--by 75%. The level of noradrenaline was higher after subsequent administration of glucagon. Our results indicate that more than one component is responsible for the inhibitory effect of glucagon on pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Effect of alpha and beta adrenoreceptor antagonists on glucagon-induced inhibition of gastric acid secretion in cats. 654 89

The investigations were carried out on white rats determining the level and synthesis of acetylcholine (ACh) in the cerebral cortex, striatum, and in some experiments also in the brain stem. Thyroxine administered subcutaneously increased ACh synthesis in the cerbral cortex and reduced it in the striatum without changing the level of ACh in these structures. After thyroxine administration in vitro these changes were not observed. Intraperitoneal insulin caused no changes in the level and synthesis of ACh while in vitro ACh synthesis was increased in the cortex as well as striatum after insulin. Glucagon, hydrocortisone, adiuretin and oxytocin had no effect on ACh level and synthesis in the tested structures.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Investigations on the effects of certain hormones on acetylcholine metabolism in the central nervous system. 700 85


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