Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01275 (glucagon)
 26,492 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Endoscopic manometric technique was used to investigate the effects of spasmolytic drugs on the sphincter of Oddi (s.O.) motility. 41 patients were randomly divided into 4 groups. In every patient the characteristics of the s.O. was monitored before and during 5 min. period after i.v. administration of: 20 mg buscopan, 1 mg glucagon, 40 mg papaverine or 2 ml of 0.9% NaCl solution. After buscopan administration the amplitude and frequency of phasic contractions of the s.O. were decreased as well as a baseline pressure in the s.O. Glucagon reduced frequency and amplitude of phasic contractions of the s.O. without influencing the baseline pressure. Papaverine reduced only frequency of phasic contractions. Physiological saline caused no change in pressure characteristics of the s.O.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1992 Feb
PMID:[Manometric evaluation of the effects of intravenous administration of glucagon, buscopan and papaverine on the contractile activity of the sphincter of Oddi]. 152 44

Oxidative demethylation of aminopyrine and peroxidation of endogenous lipids induced by cumene hydroperoxide were studied in hepatocytes isolated from fed male rats. Glucagon and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) inhibited both processes in the concentration-dependent manner. Pretreatment of hepatocytes with 1 microM glucagon decreased oxidative demethylation by 75% and had a much smaller effect on lipid peroxidation. Preincubation with 1 microM PMA inhibited both processes by 25-30%. Phosphorylation of three isoforms of cytochrome P-450 was observed in microsomes isolated from hepatocytes incubated in the presence of [32P]orthophosphate. After incubation with PMA the phosphorylation of all these proteins was increased by 60-100%, whereas glucagon increased the phosphorylation of only one isoform. Consequences of the phosphorylation of various isoforms of cytochrome P-450 for metabolic functions of the monooxygenase system are discussed.
Acta Biochim Pol 1991
PMID:Effect of glucagon and phorbol myristate acetate on oxidative demethylation and lipid peroxidation in isolated hepatocytes. 181 31

The purpose of the study was the assessment of certain biological effects of semisynthetic human insulin compared with the presently used monocomponent preparations of porcine insulin made by the same producer. The study was carried out in a group of 10 healthy subjects (7 men and 3 women) twice: during a loading test with porcine insulin, and then during a similar test with human insulin. Both insulins were administered intravenously in doses of 0.075 units/kg body weight The physiological reactions associated with hypoglycaemia were noted, including subjective experiences and hormonal responses, among them those of glucagon, growth hormone, prolactin, adrenaline, noradrenaline and C-peptide. Semisynthetic human insulin administered intravenously was found to exert an identical hypoglycaemic effect as porcine insulin. However, it was observed that the action of porcine insulin was associated with more pronounced symptoms and more intense physiological reactions (tachycardia, body temperature fall) and a striking increase of prolactinaemia, in relation to semisynthetic human insulin.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1991 Dec
PMID:[Comparative assessment of the biological effects of semisynthetic human insulin and porcine insulin in healthy subjects]. 181 87

In 40 patients (pts) with essential hypertension (EH) the plasma levels of insulin, glucagon, gastrin and prolactin during 2 week therapy with nifedipine were evaluated. In pts with EH there were higher levels of hormones than in control subjects. During nifedipine therapy there was no elevation of the plasma hormone levels although the blood pressure was lowered. This study shows that there are other than hypertension factors in the pathogenesis of elevated hormone levels in EH.
Kardiol Pol 1991
PMID:[Essential hypertension. Treatment with nifedipine and levels of insulin, glucagon, gastrin and prolactin]. 194 46

The central effects of pancreatic glucagon and insulin given intracerebroventriculary (i.c.v.) upon sympathetic activity in the cervical trunk and adrenal nerve were examined in Wistar Kyoto rats. Glucagon i.c.v. administration led to an increase in sympathetic nerve activity in both nerves. Insulin injected into lateral ventricle caused opposite to glucagon inhibitory influence on sympathetic discharge in the cervical trunk and adrenal nerve. This two different central effects of glucagon and insulin on sympatho-adrenal system may contribute to glycemia homesthasis.
Acta Physiol Pol 1990
PMID:Opposite excitatory and inhibitory effects of central administration of glucagon and of insulin upon the sympathetic cervical and adrenal nerve activities in the rat. 213 84

In a double-blind placebo-controlled study the effect of glucagon on gastric emptying, as well as on serum concentrations of gastrin, insulin, glucose, calcium, and phosphorus after ingestion of a mixed solid-liquid meal was examined in nine normal males. An i.v. bolus of 0.5 mg of crystalline glucagon was followed by 1.5 mg infused at a constant rate over 90 minutes. The gastric emptying of a radiolabelled meal was measured with the use of a gamma camera. Glucagon evoked a marked delay in gastric emptying in all patients studied--the emptying index, Ix: 2.065 +/- 0.211 min-1 after placebo vs 0.358 +/- 0.090 min-1 after glucagon, p less than 0.01. The postprandial gastrin release was suppressed during the first 60 minutes of glucagon infusion and occurrence of the postprandial increment in the serum gastrin concentration was delayed. The integrated gastrin response did not, however, significantly change: the area under the gastrin curve, AUC0-90, 8733 +/- 1502 min.ng.l-1 after placebo vs 7434 +/- 1372 min.ng.l-1 after glucagon. A promotion of insulin release by glucagon was reflected by a significant increase in the area under the insulin curve, AUC0-90: 1842 +/- 153 min.mU.l-1 after placebo vs 3388 +/- 567 min.mU.l-1 after glucagon, p less than 0.02. Moreover, a sooner and significantly higher increase of the serum glucose level was observed during glucagon infusion when compared to the placebo situation. Glucagon did not significantly change the serum calcium level, whereas the serum phosphorus concentration was markedly lowered throughout glucagon infusion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Mater Med Pol
PMID:Effect of glucagon on gastric emptying and on postprandial gastrin and insulin release in man. 248 72

The study was carried out in three groups of rats: group I of 36 rats received methotrexate, group II of 36 rats were given methotrexate, pentagastrin and glucagon, group III of 12 rats served as control. For histological examination the ileum was taken from the animals killed on days 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 9 after the last injection of methotrexate. Besides histological examinations the mitotic index and the number of cells in crypt longitudinal-section were determined. Relatively low doses of methotrexate caused characteristic changes in the intestinal mucosa: disappearance of mitotic figures, shortening of crypts particularly on the first day after the last dose of methotrexate. On the following days regeneration processes were noted causing an excessive epithelial proliferation observed up to the 9th day after the last dose of methotrexate. This indicates that the mobilized mechanisms of epithelial proliferation stimulation exert their effect fairly long. In the group receiving methotrexate administration of pentagastrin and glucagon contributed to the increased number of mitoses in crypt epithelium and the number of cells on crypt longitudinal-section. These observations are an evidence of a beneficial effect of the hormones administered to the rats in the regeneration of the ileal epithelium damaged by the cytostatic agent.
Mater Med Pol
PMID:Intestinal epithelium regeneration in rats receiving methotrexate and a trial of regulating this regeneration with pentagastrin and glucagon. 249 Dec 70

A group of 20 patients with primary hypertension (NT) were studied for the influence of six-week propranolol therapy on the secretion of immunoreactive insulin (IR-I), gastrin glucagon (IR-G) and pancreatic polypeptide (IR-PP) induced by a high-fat test meal. The results of the examination before the therapy were compared with examination of 10 healthy persons. Before the therapy, the patients with NT revealed a decreased reactivity of IR-PP to the food stimulus. After propranolol therapy, the authors found a significant change of glucagonemia profile and pancreatic polypeptide concentration induced by a test meal. The results of the examinations made suggest a direct or indirect participation of beta-adrenergic endings in the regulation of glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide secretion in patients with primary hypertension.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1989 Jan
PMID:[Effect of propranolol therapy on the secretion of insulin, glucagon, gastrin and pancreatic polypeptide in patients with essential hypertension]. 269 15

Fasting concentration of the C peptide in serum was estimated in 150 patients with type 2 diabetes treated with insulin because of the late, true ineffectiveness of the sulphonylurea derivatives. In 36 patients selected out of the total group at random the secretion of that peptide was measured after i.v. injection of 1 mg of glucagon. Only 9 patients showed trace amounts of that peptide at morning fast (Group A--0.17 +/- 0.08 nmol/l), in 69 the secretion was normal (Sub-Group B1--0.80 +/- 0.25 nmol/l), in 48 moderately elevated (Sub-Group B2--1.67 +/- 0.10 nmol/l) and in 24 markedly elevated (Sub-Group B3--4.54 +/- 2.57 nmol/l). The increments of the peptide C concentration after glucagon stimulation were parallel to its fasting concentration, which indicated a proper reactivity of the pancreatic beta-cells in patients with normal or increased basal secretion. The patients with only trace secretion of the peptide C differed from the other by their small, normal body mass and by a longer duration of insulin treatment. Very similar insulin needs must be stressed in the patients of the Groups A and B as well as within the Sub-Groups B. In patients with hyperactivity of the beta-cells (Sub-Group B2 and B3) no differences were found, as compared with the other patients, in the prevalence of chronic diabetes complications of the micro- or macroangiopathy type, also prevalence of hypertension was equal. The results presented show that in the most patients with type 2 diabetes, with the late, true ineffectiveness of the sulphonylurea derivatives the secretory function of the pancreatic islets beta-cells remains normal or is even increased.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1989 Mar
PMID:[Functional capacity of pancreatic B cells in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 with late true ineffectiveness of sulfonylurea derivatives]. 269 67

Serum pancreatic polypeptide (hPP) concentrations ranged in normal children from 45 pg/ml to 525 pg/ml with mean value at 185 +/- 49 pg/ml. Both hPP and glucagon immunoreactivity (IRG) levels showed age-dependent decrease during childhood. In diabetic children plasma IRG concentrations were significantly increased in comparison with the healthy subjects while hPP concentrations were only slightly elevated. The age dependence of the hormones levels was completely effaced in diabetics. No significant serum hPP norm IRG values dependence on the duration of diabetes was found. IRG/hPP relations correlated with age in healthy children despite those in diabetic ones.
Mater Med Pol
PMID:Serum pancreatic polypeptide and glucagon immunoreactivity in fasting healthy and diabetic children. 269 44


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