Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01275 (glucagon)
 26,492 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Detailed examination was performed in 1781 subjects with occult fasting hyperglycaemia (FH), 211 known diabetics (KD), and their corresponding non-diabetic controls (80 CFH, 216 CKD), all found by screening of a well-defined population aged 60-74 years. All but one FH and 90% of KD could be classified as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) when evaluated by a glucagon-C-peptide test. Urine excretion of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin and the creatinine clearance were examined over 1 hour in the resting state. The results show that elderly non-diabetics have a wide range of albumin excretion rates. Occult fasting hyperglycaemia is associated with increased albuminuria not detectable by conventional tests for urinary proteins in males, whereas females do not have increased microalbuminuria. Known NIDDM is associated with increased albuminuria in both sexes indicating a sex difference in the threshold for albuminuria only in subjects with occult fasting hyperglycaemia. The albumin/beta 2-microglobulin excretion ratio indicates that the higher albumin excretion rates associated with occult fasting hyperglycaemia and known NIDDM are of glomerular origin.
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PMID:Microalbuminuria in elderly hyperglycaemic patients and controls. 295 Nov 94

We provide evidence for an interaction between mouse class I major histocompatibility complex antigens and insulin receptors. Antibodies against class I but not class II major histocompatibility complex antigens immunoprecipitate photoaffinity-labeled hepatic insulin receptors. Haplotype specificity is demonstrated by reciprocal precipitation using anti-class I antibodies and three strains of mice. Antibodies against the 45-kDa products of either the H-2K or H-2D locus and rabbit anti-mouse beta 2-microglobulin antibodies were shown to precipitate insulin receptors. We also demonstrate the specific binding of 125I-labeled insulin and 125I-labeled epidermal growth factor, but not 125I-labeled glucagon or 125I-labeled atrial natriuretic factor, to solubilized plasma membranes immunoprecipitated with anti-H-2K antibody. These observations suggest a specific interaction between class I major histocompatibility complex antigens and certain hormone receptors.
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PMID:Class I histocompatibility antigens and insulin receptors: evidence for interactions. 301 Mar

A high glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is often found early in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). It has been suggested that high circulating glucose, glucagon, and GH levels could play a role in this increase in GFR. On the other hand, patients with IDDM in poor metabolic control also have high circulating ketone body levels. This study was undertaken to determine whether exogenous D,L-3-hydroxybutyric acid at two infusion rates (40 and 30 mumol kg-1 min-1) for 180 min altered renal plasma flow (RPF), GFR, and the excretion rate of total protein, beta 2-microglobulin, and albumin in 11 normal (N) subjects and 11 IDDM patients in whom euglycemia was achieved and maintained using the insulin-glucose clamp technique. RPF and GFR were measured by a priming-continuous infusion of [125I]hippurate and [51Cr]EDTA, respectively. The 40 mumol kg-1 min-1 D,L-3-hydroxybutyric acid infusion increased RPF and GFR in both N and IDDM subjects. Mean RPF increased from 588 +/- 78 (+/- SD) to 706 +/- 129 mL min-1 1.73 m-2 in N and from 671 +/- 101 to 781 +/- 99 in IDDM. GFR increased from 121 +/- 11 to 151 +/- 15 ml min-1 1.73 m-2 in N and from 136 +/- 11 to 191 +/- 16 in IDDM. The filtration fraction also was significantly higher in IDDM than in N during the D,L-3-hydroxybutyric acid infusion. The 30 mumol kg-1 min-1 D,L-3-hydroxybutyric acid infusion increased RPF and GFR to a somewhat lesser extent in both groups. D,L-3-hydroxybutyric acid infusions increased the tubular reabsorption rate of ketone bodies and sodium. The increase in tubular sodium reabsorption rate was correlated significantly to that in the tubular ketone body reabsorption rate. A significant decrease in urinary pH was found during the D,L-3-hydroxybutyric acid infusion. D,L-3-Hydroxybutyrate sodium salt (30 mumol kg-1 min-1) also was infused in 5 of the 11 diabetic patients. A similar increase in GFR and RPF occurred. Both total protein and beta 2-microglobulin, but not albumin, excretion rates increased during D,L-3-hydroxybutyric acid (40 mumol kg-1 min-1) infusion in N and IDDM subjects. D,L-3-Hydroxybutyric acid infusion did not change plasma glucagon, GH, or renin activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Glomerular filtration rate is increased in man by the infusion of both D,L-3-hydroxybutyric acid and sodium D,L-3-hydroxybutyrate. 329 5

Kidney function was studied in nine, metabolically well controlled, short-term insulin-dependent male diabetics before and during glucagon infusion of 4 to 5 and 8 to 10 ng/kg/min. Glomerular filtration rate, effective renal plasma flow (steady-state infusion technique, with urinary collections, using 125I-iothalamate and 131I-iodohippurate), and urinary albumin and beta 2-microglobulin excretion rates were measured. The mean plasma glucagon concentration increased during infusion from 254 +/- 19 pg/ml to 440 +/- 31 pg/ml (low dose) and 730 +/- 52 pg/ml (high dose). Glomerular filtration rate increased in all subjects from 133 +/- 5 before the glucagon infusion to 141 +/- 4 with the low dose, and 148 +/- 7 ml/min/1.73 m2 with the high dose (p < 0.01). The increase in glomerular filtration rate correlated with the rise in plasma glucagon concentration (r = 0.67; p < 0.01). Renal plasma flow increased from 530 +/- 21 before the glucagon infusion to 555 +/- 20 with the low dose and 572 +/- 29 ml/min/1.73 m2 with the high dose (p < 0.01). Urinary beta 2-microglobulin excretion rate rose from 5.8 +/- 1.0 before infusion to 8.7 +/- 1.7 with the low dose, and 17.9 +/- 5.7 micrograms X 10(-2)/min with the high dose (p < 0.01). Urinary albumin excretion remained unchanged during the glucagon infusion. These results suggest that glucagon may contribute to the reversible elevation of glomerular filtration rate typically found in poorly regulated insulin-dependent diabetics, but not to the moderate elevation found in well controlled diabetics.
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PMID:The effect of glucagon infusion on kidney function in short-term insulin-dependent juvenile diabetics. 742 61

This is a study about objective parameters of Syndrome Differentiation of diabetic nephropathy (DN) using radio immunoassay (RIA) technique. The result showed that beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-mG), alpha 1-microglobulin (alpha 1-mG) in blood rose significantly in both groups. The group of Spleen-Kidney Deficiency and Qi-Blood Deficiency as well as the group of Yang Deficiency caused edema and upward gush of turbid Yin, there was significant difference between two groups, also there was significant difference between the two groups in measuring on atrial natriuretic factor (ANP), pancreatic glucagon (PG) in blood and beta 2-mG. Immunoglobulin G (IgG), albumin (Alb), secretory immunoglobulin A(SIg A) in urine. So above-mentioned parameters offered us some objective data on Syndrome Differentiation of DN. It is vital in guiding the Syndrome Differentiation and treatment of DN.
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PMID:[Study on objective parameters of syndrome differentiation of diabetic nephropathy]. 778 97