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Query: UNIPROT:P01275 (glucagon)
 26,492 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sodium propionate (2.5 mmol/kg) was infused rapidly via a jugular vein into each of 13 multiparous Holstein cows at 7 wk postpartum for observation of clearance of propionate. Associated concentration changes of acetate and glucose in blood plasma and glucagon and insulin in blood serum were quantified. This dose elevated concentrations of propionate, which declined subsequently at an exponential rate (.108 min-1). Concentrations of glucagon and insulin were increased in the sampling immediately following infusion, yet subsequent decline of insulin concentrations acted to decrease the molar ratio of insulin:glucagon as propionate returned to preinfusion concentrations. Analysis of sample means disclosed a negative correlation -.82 between glucose and molar ratio of insulin:glucagon. These experimental observations suggest that a supraphysiological dose of propionate has an immediate effect on the pancreas to alter endocrine secretion in the lactating cow.
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PMID:Endocrine changes with infusion of propionate in the dairy cow. 638 31

Two experiments were designed to assess the potential utility of the propionate challenge test (PCT) as an index of gluconeogenic capacity. In Expt. 1, the dose-response to jugular propionate infusion was assessed in a duplicated 4 x 4 Latin square experiment with 8 lactating dairy cows. Sodium propionate (4.5 mol/L, pH 7.4) was infused in an intrajugular bolus at 0 (saline), 0.52, 1.04, or 1.56 mmol/kg body weight (BW), and jugular blood was sampled over the following 2 h. Peak propionate concentration in plasma and area under the curve for plasma glucose both increased linearly with increasing propionate dose (P < 0.01). Plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentration was elevated by all propionate treatments at 20 min postinfusion (P = 0.03), and plasma cortisol concentration tended to increase (P < 0.10) after propionate infusions. Experiment 2 was designed to study the effect of short-term differences in fed state on responses to propionate infusion. Lactating dairy cows (n = 8) were included in a duplicated 4 x 4 Latin square design with a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Sodium propionate (1.04 mmol/kg BW) or saline was infused either before feeding (0900) or 2 h after feeding (1300). Fed cows consumed 4.4 +/- 1.4 kg dry matter before the PCT. Although fed cows had a significantly higher preinfusion plasma propionate concentration, fed state did not influence postinfusion changes in plasma propionate, glucose, insulin, glucagon, or FFA concentrations. Liver glycogen concentration decreased significantly after propionate, but not saline infusion (P < 0.05). Short-term differences in fed state do not affect the physiological responses to PCT. However, glucagon release after jugular administration of propionate is likely supraphysiologic, and postinfusion lipolysis and glycogenolysis suggest that stress responses may alter PCT measurements. Although the PCT may help to diagnose liver dysfunction, it is not a useful index with which to assess differences in gluconeogenic capacity.
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PMID:Propionate challenge tests have limited value for investigating bovine metabolism. 1677 59