Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01275 (glucagon)
 26,492 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of Glucagon on 35 cholangiographic studies was examined. Relief of spasm at the choledochoduodenal sphincter resulted in consistently improved demonstration of this area. Diminished spasm-induced pain was also recorded. The use of intravenous Glucagon is recommended for cholangiographic studies where there is total biliary obstruction, or where there is unsatisfactory demonstration of the choledocho-duodenal area.
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PMID:Glucagon as a hypotonic agent in cholangiography. 42 23

The authors review 15 cases of acute oesophageal obstruction arising from food (meat) or mucilage (3 cases). Obstruction was usually observed in the lower third of the oesophagus whereas in cases with stenosis due to caustic agents (2 cases), or tuberculosis (1 case), the middle third was affected. The obstruction is mainly related to the presence of a dyskinesia with or without an associated hiatus hernia. A transient isolated spasm of the lower oesophageal sphincter was present in three cases (20%). Urgent radiological examinations are essential for diagnostic and therapeutic reasons. An intravenous injection of glucagon must be given systematically and the patency of the oesophagus checked immediately afterwards. One patient was found to have two perforations of the oesophagus at different levels and these were thought to be due to different reasons. That in the cervical region was caused by a swallowed bone, the other was the probable consequence of the fibroscopic examination.
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PMID:[Acute oesophageal obstruction from food or mucilage: a report on 15 cases (author's transl)]. 50 96

We have found intravenous glucagon useful in overcoming the spasm of the rectal stump that one sometimes encounters while performing transanal end-to-end anastomosis using the EEA stapling device.
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PMID:Use of glucagon in conjunction with the end-to-end anastomosis (EEA) stapling device for low anterior anastomoses. 52 27

The effect of glucagon on human colonic myoelectrical activity is described. By means of intraluminal, serosal, and surface electrodes, recordings from all areas of the large bowel have been obtained. Glucagon inhibited both electrical and pressure rhythms in all subjects tested. Evidence is produced to suggest a direct action on colonic smooth muscle. A controlled trial using glucagon during routine barium enema examinations suggests that it may prove to be useful for hypotonic examinations of the colon where painful spasm is present.
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PMID:Glucagon and the colon. 76 29

Fifty barium-enema studies were performed with glucagon and 50 with a placebo to compare their effect on colonic spasm, patient discomfort, and diagnostic quality. Each drug was administered in a randomized double-blind fashion and was injected intramuscularly 10 minutes before beginning the enema. Bowel relaxation during fluoroscopy was graded. Patients were questioned about discomfort during and immediately after the enema, and radiographs were reviewed blindly for diagnostic quality and degree of spasm. Studies done with glucagon produced significantly less spasm and discomfort and better diagnostic quality compared to the placebo (p less than 0.01).
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PMID:The effect of glucagon on barium-enema examination. 109 Sep 79

The authors report their experience with glucagon in the barium enema examination. Two milligrams of glucagon given intramuscularly was found to be safe and effective in overcoming functional spasm, permitting more detailed evaluation of organic narrowing. The relatively infrequent side effects and few contraindications seen with glucagon make it the drug of choice when reduction in intestinal tone is indicated.
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PMID:Hypotonic examination of the colon with glucagon. 111 89

Hypotonic cholangiography was performed with intravenous glucagon in 12 patients who demonstrated complete nonspecific obstruction of the distal common bile duct during postoperative T-tube or transhepatic cholanglography. In 8 cases (67%), a diagnostic result was obtained. Abolition of smooth-muscle spasm at the choledochal sphincter by glucagon-induced hypotonia appears to be a useful adjunct to roentgenography of the bile ducts.
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PMID:Hypotomic cholangiography with glucagon. 125 Sep 87

The effects of glucagon, heparin, urokinase, thromboxane synthetase inhibitor (OKY-046), and the free radical scavengers, superoxide dismutase and catalase (SOD + CAT), on the viability of ischemic intestine were evaluated based on various parameters measured. The mucosal blood flow, the fluorescence pattern, and the histopathological findings in a rabbit model with 3.5 hr total vascular occlusion of a short small intestine indicated that glucagon improved the ischemic intestine. Glucagon increased, tremendously, the mucosal blood flow by 112% in the ischemic intestine compared with that of 25% in the nonischemic intestine. This indicated that vascular spasm, not reperfusion injury or thrombosis, played the initial role in the progression of transmural bowel necrosis. In addition, the outcome in the viability of the ischemic intestine was not detected by the fluorescence technique but was able to be detected through the mitochondrial morphology under the electron microscope.
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PMID:Does glucagon improve the viability of ischemic intestine? 226 88

Glucagon use as a muscle relaxant is common in radiologic and endoscopic examinations in which smooth-muscle spasm has interfered. Glucagon also provokes catecholamine release from an unsuspected pheochromocytoma, as occurred in a 60-year-old patient undergoing biliary tract surgery. To prevent hypertensive crisis and ventricular tachyarrhythmia after intraoperative glucagon administration, appropriate pharmacologic catecholamine antagonists must be immediately available.
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PMID:Intraoperative cardiovascular crisis caused by glucagon. 359 75

Severe glucagon-resistant spasm on double-contrast barium enema (DCE) examinations may occasionally lead to a nondiagnostic examination or erroneously suggest colonic disease. In such cases, this glucagon-resistant spasm may be overcome by refilling the colon with single-contrast barium immediately after completion of the DCE examination.
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PMID:Barium filling for glucagon-resistant spasm on double-contrast barium enema examinations. 371 41


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